黄土区草地坡面片流阻力系数试验研究

田娜玲; 王占礼; 张琪琳; 王栋栋; 张庆玮

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.04.002

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

黄土区草地坡面片流阻力系数试验研究

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 黄土区草地坡面片流阻力系数试验研究
- Experimental Study on Sheet Flow Resistance Coefficient of Grassland in Loess Area
- 水土保持学报 2018年32卷第4期页码：7-11
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所, 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西杨凌,712100
  2. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌,712100
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "田娜玲(1992-),女,宁夏吴忠人,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤侵蚀过程研究。E-mail:TNNtian@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研究计划课题项目（2016YFC0402401，2017YFD0800502）国家自然科学基金项目（41471230，41171227）黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室专项经费项目（A314021403-C2）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.04.002
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2018
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
田娜玲, 王占礼, 张琪琳, 等. 黄土区草地坡面片流阻力系数试验研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2018,32(4):7-11.

TIAN Naling, WANG Zhanli, ZHANG Qilin, et al. Experimental Study on Sheet Flow Resistance Coefficient of Grassland in Loess Area[J]. 2018, 32(4): 7-11.
田娜玲, 王占礼, 张琪琳, 等. 黄土区草地坡面片流阻力系数试验研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2018,32(4):7-11. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.04.002.

TIAN Naling, WANG Zhanli, ZHANG Qilin, et al. Experimental Study on Sheet Flow Resistance Coefficient of Grassland in Loess Area[J]. 2018, 32(4): 7-11. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.04.002.

摘要

阻力系数是坡面流水动力学参数之一，是反映坡面流水力学特性的重要特征值。通过室内人工模拟降雨试验，研究了不同雨强（0.7，1.0，1.5，2.0，2.5 mm/min）和坡度（7°，10°，15°，20°，25°）下，黄土区草地坡面片流阻力系数随雨强和坡度的变化特征。结果表明：（1）不同雨强和坡度下，草地坡面片流阻力系数随降雨历时的变化均呈先波动减小，后逐渐趋于稳定的趋势，且变化过程均可用二次多项式进行描述，相关性显著，决定系数0.5以上。（2）草地坡面片流阻力系数随雨强的增加而逐渐增大，可用指数方程描述，决定系数0.8以上；而片流阻力系数随坡度的增加而减小，可用对数方程描述，决定系数0.6以上。（3）草地坡面次降雨平均片流阻力系数对雨强及坡度的综合响应关系可用二元指数函数描述，决定系数0.923，且雨强对草地坡面片流平均阻力系数的影响大于坡度对阻力系数的影响。研究结果为草地坡面水流动力学特性及草地植被的阻流机制提供参考和理论基础，对于深刻认识黄土区草地坡面侵蚀动力和生态建设具有重要意义。

Abstract

The resistance coefficient is one of the hydrodynamic parameters of the slope surface and also is an important eigenvalue that reflects the hydraulic characteristics of the slope surface. In order to explore the variations of surface runoff resistance coefficient of grassland in loess region with different rainfall intensities (0.7

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5 mm/min) and slope gradients (7°

10°

15°

20°

25°)

indoor artificial rainfall simulation was adopted in this study. The results showed that:(1) The sheet flow resistance coefficient of grassland slopes decrease firstly

and then gradually stabilized with the rainfall duration under different rainfall intensities and slope gradients. The relationship between resistance coefficient and rainfall duration could be described by a quadratic polynomial equation

and the correlation was significant

also the coefficient of determination was above 0.5. (2) The sheet flow resistance coefficient of grassland slope increased gradually with rainfall intensity

and the relationship could be described by a exponential equation with the coefficient of determination was above 0.8; while the sheet flow resistance coefficient of grassland slope decreased with the increase of slope gradient

and the relationship could be described by a logarithmic equation with the coefficient of determination was above 0.6. (3) The integrated response of the average flow resistance coefficient of the grassland slope could be described by a binary exponential function with the coefficient of determination was 0.923. Through comparative analysis

it was found that the influence of rainfall intensity to average sheet flow resistance coefficient was greater than that of slope gradient. This study provides a theoretical basis for the reference of grassland flow hydrodynamics and the flow control mechanism of grassland vegetation. It is of great significance for us to deeply understanding the erosion dynamics of grass slope and ecological construction in the loess area.

关键词

Keywords

references

姚文艺.坡面流阻力规律试验研究[J].泥沙研究,1996(1):74-82.

潘成忠,上官周平.牧草对坡面侵蚀动力参数的影响[J].水利学报,2005,36(3):371-377.

Abrahams A D, Parsons A J, Wainwright J. Resistance to overland flow on semiarid grassland and shrubland hillslopes, Walnut Gulch, southern Arizona[J].Journal of Hydrology,1994,156(1/4):431-446.

李占斌,鲁克新.透水坡面降雨径流过程的运动波近似解析解[J].水利学报,2003,34(6):8-13.

张光辉.坡面薄层流水动力学特性的实验研究[J].水科学进展,2002,13(2):159-165.

李勉,姚文艺,陈江南.草被覆盖下坡面-沟坡系统坡面流阻力变化特征试验研究[J].水利学报,2007,38(1):112-119.

Fattet M, Fu Y, Ghestem M. Effects of vegetation type on soil resistance to erosion:Relationship between aggregate stability and shear strength[J].Catena,2011,87:60-69.

Knapen A, Poesen J, De Baets S. Seasonal variations in soil erosion resistance during concentrated flow for a loess-derived soil under two contrasting tillage practices[J].Soil and Tillage Research,2007,94(2):425-440.

Lawrence D S L. Hydraulic resistance in overland flow during partial and marginal surface inundation:Experimental observations and modeling[J].Water Resources Research,2000,36(8):2381-2393.

Lane S N. Roughness-time for a re-evaluation?[J].Earth Surface Processes and Landforms,2005,30(2):251-253.

王玲玲,姚文艺,申震洲.草被覆盖度对坡面流水力学参数的影响及其减沙效应[J].中国水土保持科学,2009,7(1):80-83.

张宽地,王光谦,孙晓敏.坡面薄层水流水动力学特性试验[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(15):182-189.

敬向锋,吕宏兴,张宽地.不同糙率坡面水力学特征的试验研究[J].水土保持通报,2007,27(2):33-38.

肖培青,姚文艺,李莉.植被影响下坡面流阻力变化特征研究[J].泥沙研究,2013(3):1-5.

王俊杰,张宽地,龚家国.降雨和坡度对坡面水流阻力规律影响研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2016,35(5):43-49.

潘成忠,上官周平.降雨和坡度对坡面流水动力学参数的影响[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2009,17(6):843-851.

梅欣佩.降雨条件下坡面薄层水流水动力学特性试验研究.西安:西安理工大学,2004.

陈国祥,姚文艺.降雨对浅层水流阻力的影响[J].水科学进展,1996,7(1):42-46.

高丽倩,赵允格,秦宁强.黄土丘陵区生物结皮对土壤物理属性的影响[J].自然资源学报,2012,27(8):1316-1326.

浏览量

1438

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

不同雨型下紫色土区坡耕地产流产沙特征

侵蚀性风化花岗岩坡地降雨产流及水文过程研究

坡面氮素流失的坡度和雨强效应模拟研究

雨强和坡度对嵌套砾石红壤坡面产流产沙的影响

黄土丘陵区不同坡度撂荒草地入渗特征影响因素试验研究