不同配比的控释肥对日光温室袋培番茄基质养分及其生长、产量和品质的影响

张小兰; 徐阳; 张金伟; 吴晓阳; 孙周平

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.03.046

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不同配比的控释肥对日光温室袋培番茄基质养分及其生长、产量和品质的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 不同配比的控释肥对日光温室袋培番茄基质养分及其生长、产量和品质的影响
- Effects of Controlled Release Fertilizer with Different Ratio on the Substrate Nutrient, Growth, Yield and Quality of Tomato Cultured in Bags in Solar Greenhouse
- 水土保持学报 2018年32卷第3期页码：309-314
- 作者机构：
  
  设施园艺省部共建教育部重点实验室, 辽宁省设施园艺重点实验室, 辽宁省设施蔬菜工程实验室, 沈阳农业大学园艺学院,沈阳,110866
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "张小兰(1992-),女,硕士研究生,主要从事设施蔬菜栽培与生理研究。E-mail:zxl82fighting@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0201004）国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-25）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.03.046
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2018
- 稿件说明：
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张小兰, 徐阳, 张金伟, 等. 不同配比的控释肥对日光温室袋培番茄基质养分及其生长、产量和品质的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2018,32(3):309-314.

ZHANG Xiaolan, XU yang, ZHANG Jinwei, et al. Effects of Controlled Release Fertilizer with Different Ratio on the Substrate Nutrient, Growth, Yield and Quality of Tomato Cultured in Bags in Solar Greenhouse[J]. 2018, 32(3): 309-314.
张小兰, 徐阳, 张金伟, 等. 不同配比的控释肥对日光温室袋培番茄基质养分及其生长、产量和品质的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2018,32(3):309-314. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.03.046.

ZHANG Xiaolan, XU yang, ZHANG Jinwei, et al. Effects of Controlled Release Fertilizer with Different Ratio on the Substrate Nutrient, Growth, Yield and Quality of Tomato Cultured in Bags in Solar Greenhouse[J]. 2018, 32(3): 309-314. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.03.046.

摘要

控释肥料由于可控的释放养分，一次性使用便可以满足作物4个多月生育期间对养分的需求，实现了肥料的高效利用，在大田中得到重视和应用。在课题组前期袋培番茄营养基质研究的基础上，根据日光温室番茄养分吸收规律，在基质中添加不同用量的控释尿素和控释氯化钾，氮钾比例为1∶1.5，呈4倍关系递增，设置4个全生育期营养基质配方处理（A、B、C、D），以不施肥（CK）和常规施肥（CKT）为对照，研究了不同处理的袋培基质养分变化及其对番茄植株生长、产量和品质的影响。结果表明：随着控释肥用量的增大，番茄植株的长势与产量呈现先增加后降低的趋势，其中，处理C的应用效果最佳，基质EC值稳定，试验末期速效氮磷钾含量略低于初始值；与CK比较，处理C株高提高21.75%、茎粗提高59.46%、生物量提高75.12%、产量提高226.36%，可溶性糖、可溶性固形物含量较高，果实品质提高；与CKT相比，处理C的肥料用量少，基质养分残留少，养分损失少，产量提高24.48%，肥料利用率高。结果说明，在生产中，控释肥不仅可以提高日光温室基质袋培番茄养分利用效率，而且增加产量，实现轻简化管理。

Abstract

As a result of the controlled release of nutrients

controlled release fertilizer (CRF)

used once

can meet the nutrient demand of field crops for more than 4 months

which can realize the efficient use of fertilizer. Now it is applied successfully in field crops. For this reason

according to the law of tomato nutrient absorption in solar greenhouse

four kinds of different CRF treatments (A

D) were established through added different quantity of controlled release urea and potassium chloride into growth-bag substrate

the paper investigated the effects of different CRF treatments on the growth-bag substrate nutrient change

and the growth

yield and quality of tomato in solar greenhouse compared with no fertilizer (CK) and conventional fertilization (CKT). The experiment results showed that with the increase of CRF dosage

tomato plants growth and yield showed a change trend of first increase and then decrease. Among all treatments

the treatment C was the best

of which the substrate EC value was stable

the nutrient content of available nitrogen

phosphorus and potassium in growth-bag substrate of treatment C became slightly lower than that at the beginning; Compared with CK

the plant height increased by 21.75%

the stem width increased by 59.46%

the biomass accumulation increased by 75.12%

the yield increased by 226.36%

and the fruit quality was much improved. Compared with CKT

little nutrient was left in the substrate and the fruit yield increased by 24.48%. The experiment result indicates that CRF could increase the nutrient use efficiency and fruit yield for substrate growth-bag of tomato in solar greenhouse.

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