滨海盐碱地不同施肥模式对棉花氮磷养分积累和产量的影响

何伟; 韩飞; 关瑞; 王桂伟; 王会; 娄燕宏; 宋付朋; 诸葛玉平

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.03.044

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滨海盐碱地不同施肥模式对棉花氮磷养分积累和产量的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 滨海盐碱地不同施肥模式对棉花氮磷养分积累和产量的影响
- Effects of Different Fertilization Models on Nitrogen, Phosphorus Accumulation and Yield of Cotton in Coastal Saline-alkali Soil
- 水土保持学报 2018年32卷第3期页码：295-300
- 作者机构：
  
  土肥资源高效利用国家工程实验室, 山东农业大学资源与环境学院,山东,泰安,271018
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "何伟(1993-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤质量演变与退化治理研究。E-mail:hewei0534@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  山东省自主创新及成果转化专项（2014ZZCX07402）国家科技支撑计划项目（2013BAD05B03）中国博士后科学基金项目（2016M602169）山东农业大学泉林黄腐酸肥料工程实验室开放基金项目山东农业大学青年科技创新基金项目
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.03.044
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2018
- 稿件说明：
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何伟, 韩飞, 关瑞, 等. 滨海盐碱地不同施肥模式对棉花氮磷养分积累和产量的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2018,32(3):295-300.

HE Wei, HAN Fei, GUAN Rui, et al. Effects of Different Fertilization Models on Nitrogen, Phosphorus Accumulation and Yield of Cotton in Coastal Saline-alkali Soil[J]. 2018, 32(3): 295-300.
何伟, 韩飞, 关瑞, 等. 滨海盐碱地不同施肥模式对棉花氮磷养分积累和产量的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2018,32(3):295-300. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.03.044.

HE Wei, HAN Fei, GUAN Rui, et al. Effects of Different Fertilization Models on Nitrogen, Phosphorus Accumulation and Yield of Cotton in Coastal Saline-alkali Soil[J]. 2018, 32(3): 295-300. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.03.044.

摘要

为探索盐碱地棉花种植最佳施肥模式，在山东省东营市中度滨海盐碱地设置了6种施肥模式（包括不施肥对照、习惯施肥、优化施肥、一次性施肥、减量化肥以及减量化肥+有机肥），通过对棉花关键生育时期植株调查取样和测定分析，探讨了不同施肥模式对棉花养分积累及产量的影响。结果表明：一次性施肥处理（非控释氮和控释氮1∶2配合）与同等养分水平的优化施肥处理相比，棉花的干物质积累量和各器官氮磷含量均有显著提高，前者花铃期氮磷养分总积累量分别比优化施肥处理高23.39%和13.97%，比不施肥处理高50.98%和46.94%。减量化肥（N、P2O5、K2O减量20%）+有机肥处理棉花产量最高，比不施肥处理高31.14%，比习惯施肥处理高13.37%，经济效益增长1 925元/hm2；一次性施肥处理棉花产量与习惯施肥相近，经济效益比习惯施肥增长了279元/hm2。籽棉产量与吐絮期土壤碱解氮、有效磷含量呈显著正相关。在中度滨海盐碱地采用减量化肥（N、P2O5、K2O减量20%）+有机肥和一次性施肥处理措施节本增产效果较好。

Abstract

In order to get optimal fertilization model for cotton planting in saline-alkali soil

a field experiment was conducted in a moderate saline-alkali soil in Dongying

Shandong Province. Six fertilization treatments (including control without fertilization

conventional fertilization

optimized fertilization

one-time fertilization

chemical fertilizer reduction

chemical fertilizer reduction + organic fertilizer) were set up. The nutrient accumulation and yield of cotton were studied by sampling and analyzing the plant during the key growth periods. Results showed that compared with optimized fertilization treatment

dry matter yield and the nutrient contents of nitrogen and phosphorus in the organs for the one-time fertilization treatment were significantly increased. The total accumulations of nitrogen and phosphorus in the boll stage of one-time fertilization treatment were 23.39% and 13.97% higher than those of optimized fertilization treatment

respectively. Furthermore

these two increasing rates were 50.98% and 46.94% respectively compared with control. The treatment of chemical fertilizer reduction (N

P2O5

K2O reduced 20%) + organic fertilizer had the highest cotton yield

which was 31.14% higher than control

13.37% higher than conventional fertilization treatment

and the economic benefit was 1 925 Yuan/hm2 higher than conventional fertilization. Cotton yield of one-time fertilization treatment was similar to that of custom fertilization treatment

and economic benefit was 279 Yuan/hm2 higher than conventional fertilization Cotton yields were positively correlated with the contents of soil alkaline hydrolysable nitrogen and available phosphorus. In the moderate coastal saline soil

the chemical fertilizer reduction (N

P2O5

K2O reduced 20%) + organic fertilizer and one-time fertilization measures would give the better performance in cost-saving and yield-increasing.

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