北京山区径流侵蚀过程及WEPP模型适用性评价

李想; 曾以禹; 朱思雨; 牛健植; 李娇; 杜晓晴

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.03.016

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

北京山区径流侵蚀过程及WEPP模型适用性评价

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 北京山区径流侵蚀过程及WEPP模型适用性评价
- The Runoff-erosion Process and the Estimation of WEPP Model in Beijing Mountainous Area
- 水土保持学报 2018年32卷第3期页码：98-106
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 国家林业和草业局经济发展研究中心,北京,100714
  2. 北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京,100083
  3. 国家林业局水土保持重点实验室,北京,100083
  4. 新疆维吾尔自治区林业规划院,乌鲁木齐,830000
  5. 派力工程有限公司,北京,100093
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "李想(1987-),男,辽宁抚顺人,博士,助理研究员,主要从事森林水文学、生态系统服务价值研究。E-mail:scy0418@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目（41271044）国家林业局经济发展研究中心青年研究课题项目
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.03.016
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2018
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
李想, 曾以禹, 朱思雨, 等. 北京山区径流侵蚀过程及WEPP模型适用性评价[J]. 水土保持学报, 2018,32(3):98-106.

LI Xiang, ZENG Yiyu, ZHU Siyu, et al. The Runoff-erosion Process and the Estimation of WEPP Model in Beijing Mountainous Area[J]. 2018, 32(3): 98-106.
李想, 曾以禹, 朱思雨, 等. 北京山区径流侵蚀过程及WEPP模型适用性评价[J]. 水土保持学报, 2018,32(3):98-106. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.03.016.

LI Xiang, ZENG Yiyu, ZHU Siyu, et al. The Runoff-erosion Process and the Estimation of WEPP Model in Beijing Mountainous Area[J]. 2018, 32(3): 98-106. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.03.016.

摘要

北京土石山区多发严重的土壤侵蚀甚至是泥石流，因此如何通过植被控制侵蚀，进而通过侵蚀模型预测预报侵蚀就显得十分重要。在北京山区简易径流小区内，人工模拟降雨5种雨强（5.7~75.6 mm/h）、不同树种（油松、栓皮栎）及不同株行距（1.0 m×1.0 m，1.5 m×1.5 m），探究树冠特征和降雨特征对径流侵蚀过程的影响，以及WEPP模型对径流过程、总径流量和总产沙量的模拟效果。结果表明：（1）小雨下（总降雨量≤25.2 mm）裸地与有林小区的累计径流量存在显著差异（p=4.9E-11），大雨下（总降雨量49.8，75.6 mm）差异不明显（p=0.35），裸地与有林小区在总径流量和径流系数上并没有差异显著（p=0.81，0.44），LAI与雨强均显著影响总径流量；（2）裸地小区总产沙量为有林小区的1.70倍，但ANOVA分析显示二者之间差异不显著（p=0.13），覆盖度与产沙率SLR之间存在良好的指数关系SLR=e-0.02C；（3） WEPP模型在大雨下对径流过程的模拟更为准确，小雨下对产流时间的模拟较实际产流时间延后10~20 min，累计径流量模拟值与实测值的差距随降雨历时增加而不断增加；（4） WEPP模型对总径流量和总产沙量的模拟效果较好（效率系数CE=0.61，0.91），各雨强下总径流量和总产沙量的模拟值分别是实测值的1.01，1.25倍。

Abstract

Soil erosion and landslides occur occasionally in Beijing mountainous area

and vegetation is of great importance to control and predict soil erosion. Previous studies mainly focused on the estimation of total runoff volume (TRV) and total sediment yield (TSY)

and the test and simulation of runoff process has been largely disregarded even neglected. The study was conducted in runoff plots in mountainous area in Beijing to examine the simulation accuracy of WEPP model on runoff process

TRV and TSY under different simulated rainfall intensities (5.7~75.6 mm/h)

tree species (Pinus tabulaeformis

Quercus variabilis) and spacing (1.0 m×1.0 m

1.5 m×1.5 m). Results indicated that:(1) Significant differences were observed in accumulative runoff between bare soil plot and forested plots under light rainfalls (gross precipitation ≤ 25.2 mm)

while such differences were not captured in TRV and runoff coefficient. Both LAI and rainfall intensity significantly influenced TRV. (2) Though TSY in bare soil plot was 1.70 times larger than that in forested plots

no significant differences were found in ANOVA analysis

the soil loss rate (SLR) showed fine power relations with forest coverage in the equation SLR=e -0.02C; (3) Generally

the runoff process could be simulated accurately by WEPP model

yet the accuracy increased under heavy rainfalls (total precipitation was 49.8 and 75.6 mm). In contrast

the simulated time to runoff was 10~20 minutes later compared with the measured under light rainfall

and the simulated accumulative runoff was always higher than the measured value

and the gap between the simulated and measured increased with the increasing rainfall duration; (4) TRV and TSY were simulated well in WEPP model with CE of 0.61 and 0.91

respectively. Whereas the simulated TSY and TRV were 1.25 and 1.01 times larger than the measured values.

关键词

Keywords

references

Hugo V, Pleguezuelo C. Soil-erosion and runoff prevention by plant covers:A review[J]. Agronomy Journal, 2008, 28(1):65-86.

中华人民共和国水利部.中国水资源公报[R].北京:中华人民共和国水利部,2014.

Morgan R P C. Soil erosion and conservation[M]. Malden:Blackwell Publishing, 2005,304.

Doetter S, Berhe A A, Nadeu E. Erosion, deposition and soil carbon:A review of process-level controls, experimental tools and models to address C cycling in dynamic landscapes[J]. Earth-Science Reviews, 2016, 154(1):102-122.

史宇.北京山区主要优势树种森林生态系统生态水文过程分析[D].北京:北京林业大学,2011.

Li X, Xiao Q, Niu J, et al. Process-based rainfall interception by small trees in Northern China:The effect of rainfall traits and crown structure characteristics[J]. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2016, 218/219(3):65-73.

Wischmeier W H, Smith D D. Predicting rainfall erosion losses a guide to conservation planning[M]. Washington D C:Uinted States Department of Agriculture, 1978:62.

Nearing M A, Foster G R, Lane L J, et al. A Process-based soil erosion model for USDA-water erosion prediction project technology[J]. Transactions of the ASAE, 1989, 32(5):1587-1593.

蔡强国,刘纪根.关于我国土壤侵蚀模型研究进展[J].地理科学进展,2003,22(3):242-250.

郑粉莉,张勋昌,王建勋.WEPP模型及其在黄土高原的应用评价[M].北京:科学出版社,2010:57-71.

龙明忠,吴克华,熊康宁.WEPP模型(坡面版)在贵州石漠化地区土壤侵蚀模拟的适用性评价[J].中国岩溶,2014,33(2):201-207.

代华龙,曹叔尤,刘兴年,等.基于WEPP模型的紫色土坡面水蚀预报[J].中国水土保持科学,2008,6(2):60-65.

陈记平.WEPP模型在南方红壤果园区的适应性研究[D].福州:福建农林大学,2012.

歌丽巴,王玉杰,王云琦,等.WEPP模型在北京山区的适用性评价[J].北京林业大学学报,2015,37(12):69-76.

刘远利.WEPP模型(坡面版)在东北黑土区的适用性评价[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2010.

邓文平.北京山区典型树种水分利用机制研究[D]. 北京:北京林业大学, 2015.

钟一丹,贾仰文,李志威.北京地区近53年最大1 h降雨强度的时空变化规律[J].水文,2013,33(1):32-37.

Nash J E, Sutcliffe J V. River flow forecasting through conceptual models part I:A discussion of principles[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 1970, 10(3):282-290.

于国强,李占斌,张霞,等.野外模拟降雨条件下径流侵蚀产沙试验研究[J].水土保持学报,2010,23(4):10-14

Sun J, Yu X, Li H, et al. Simulated erosion using soils from vegetated slopes in the Jiufeng Mountains, China[J]. Catena, 2016, 136:128-134.

González-Hidalgo J C, Raventos J, Echevarria M T. Comparison of sediment ratio curves for plants with different architectures[J]. Catena, 1997, 29:333-340.

Hugo V, Pleguezuelo C. Soil-erosion and runoff prevention by plant covers:A review[J]. Agronomy Journal, 2008, 28(1):65-86.

Smets T, Borselli L, Poesen J, et al. Evaluation of the EUROSEM model for predicting the effects of erosion-control blankets on runoff and interrill soil erosion by water[J]. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 2011, 29(2):285-297.

浏览量

1463

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

小流域土壤侵蚀模型（SWEM）

秦岭水源地生态恢复下土壤全氮分布对侵蚀的响应

人工模拟降雨下高寒区坡面径流水动力特性对砾石覆盖的响应

水力条件对不同地表粗糙度土壤分离能力的影响

三峡库区生态屏障区土壤侵蚀时空变化特征与驱动因素