饱和与非饱和黄绵土细沟径流水动力学特征及侵蚀阻力对比

邢行; 陈晓燕; 韩珍; 黄永超; 李彦海

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.03.015

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饱和与非饱和黄绵土细沟径流水动力学特征及侵蚀阻力对比

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 饱和与非饱和黄绵土细沟径流水动力学特征及侵蚀阻力对比
- Comparation of Hydrodynamic Characteristics and Flow Resistance Under Rill Erosion Between Saturated and Unsaturated Loess Soil
- 水土保持学报 2018年32卷第3期页码：92-97
- 作者机构：
  
  西南大学资源环境学院,重庆,400716
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "邢行(1993-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤侵蚀研究。E-mail:407781293@qq.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目（41571265）中央高校基本科研业务费项目（XDJK2017D205）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.03.015
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2018
- 稿件说明：
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邢行, 陈晓燕, 韩珍, 等. 饱和与非饱和黄绵土细沟径流水动力学特征及侵蚀阻力对比[J]. 水土保持学报, 2018,32(3):92-97.

XING Hang, CHEN Xiaoyan, HAN Zhen, et al. Comparation of Hydrodynamic Characteristics and Flow Resistance Under Rill Erosion Between Saturated and Unsaturated Loess Soil[J]. 2018, 32(3): 92-97.
邢行, 陈晓燕, 韩珍, 等. 饱和与非饱和黄绵土细沟径流水动力学特征及侵蚀阻力对比[J]. 水土保持学报, 2018,32(3):92-97. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.03.015.

XING Hang, CHEN Xiaoyan, HAN Zhen, et al. Comparation of Hydrodynamic Characteristics and Flow Resistance Under Rill Erosion Between Saturated and Unsaturated Loess Soil[J]. 2018, 32(3): 92-97. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.03.015.

摘要

近地表水文状况显著影响坡面土壤侵蚀过程。土壤饱和状态作为一种特殊的近地表水文状况，其细沟侵蚀特征较之非饱和状态存在明显的差异。以黄绵土为研究对象，采用限定性细沟模拟冲刷，对比研究了饱和与非饱和状态下黄绵土的水动力特征和侵蚀阻力。结果表明：饱和黄绵土径流流速与坡度、流量之间符合良好的幂函数关系，坡度对流速的影响更甚；饱和黄绵土径流流速约为非饱和黄绵土的1.17倍，其坡面摩擦阻力仅为非饱和黄绵土的70.3%；同种工况下，非饱和黄绵土的径流含沙量和细沟径流动能明显偏低，随着径流动能增大，2种土的径流含沙量均呈现对数型增长，径流含沙量峰值稳定在400，280 kg/m3内；饱和与非饱和黄绵土的细沟可蚀性参数分别为0.088，0.057 kg/（m2·s），相应的土壤临界剪切力分别为0.773，1.561 Pa，表明饱和黄绵土更易剥蚀、流失。

Abstract

The hydrological condition of the near surface plays a vital role in the slope soil erosion process. The characteristics of soil erosion in saturated soil were different from that in unsaturated loess soil. In the study

loess soil was adopted in the well-defined rill simulation scouring experiment to explore the different hydrodynamic characteristics and flow resistance between saturated and unsaturated soil conditions. Results showed that the rill flow velocity of saturated soil had good power function with slope gradient and flow rate

and the slope gradient had a greater impact on the velocity. The rill flow velocity of saturated soil was about 1.17 times that of unsaturated loess soil

while the friction resistance of slope surface under saturated state was only 70.3% compared with that in unsaturated condition. Under the same conditions

the rill flow energy and sediment concentration of unsaturated soil were much lower than those of saturated soil. With the increase of rill flow energy

the sediment concentration of both kinds of soil showed a logarithmic growth

and the peak value of rill flow sediment concentration was stable at about 400 and 280 kg/m3

respectively. Saturated and unsaturated loess soil erodibility parameters were 0.088 and 0.057 kg/(m2·s)

and the critical shear stress were 0.773 and 1.561 Pa correspondingly

indicating that saturated soil was much easier to be dispersed and eroded by water.

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