滇池流域坡耕地土壤氮磷流失效应

钟雄; 张丽; 张乃明; 年夫照; 贾广军; 岳献荣; 夏运生

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.03.007

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滇池流域坡耕地土壤氮磷流失效应

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 滇池流域坡耕地土壤氮磷流失效应
- Soil N and P Loss in Slope Farmland of Dianchi Watershed
- 水土保持学报 2018年32卷第3期页码：42-47
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 云南农业大学,昆明,650201
  2. 云南省土壤培肥与污染修复工程实验室,昆明,650201
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "钟雄(1993-),男,在读硕士研究生,主要从事土壤侵蚀与环境保护研究。E-mail:zhongxiongyx@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目（41161041，41561057）院士专家工作站项目（2015IC022）云南农业大学土壤资源利用与保护省创新团队开放基金项目（2015HC018）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.03.007
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2018
- 稿件说明：
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钟雄, 张丽, 张乃明, 等. 滇池流域坡耕地土壤氮磷流失效应[J]. 水土保持学报, 2018,32(3):42-47.

ZHONG Xiong, ZHANG Li, ZHANG Naiming, et al. Soil N and P Loss in Slope Farmland of Dianchi Watershed[J]. 2018, 32(3): 42-47.
钟雄, 张丽, 张乃明, 等. 滇池流域坡耕地土壤氮磷流失效应[J]. 水土保持学报, 2018,32(3):42-47. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.03.007.

ZHONG Xiong, ZHANG Li, ZHANG Naiming, et al. Soil N and P Loss in Slope Farmland of Dianchi Watershed[J]. 2018, 32(3): 42-47. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.03.007.

摘要

为了揭示间作对坡耕地上不同类型土壤径流和侧渗氮（N）、磷（P）浓度的削减及作用机制，通过径流和淋溶模拟试验，设置不同类型土壤（红壤和紫色土）、坡度（8°和15°）和玉米（Zea mays L.）/大豆（Glycine max L.）间作及各自单作对照，比较分析了各因素影响下径流和侧渗N、P浓度的变化情况。结果表明：（1）径流总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）在红壤不同坡度条件下，与单作大豆处理相比较，间作处理对径流TN浓度有不同程度的削减作用，分别降低27.5%和30.8%，且间作处理下TN浓度在坡度为8°时最低为0.75 mg/L；在紫色土8°条件下，与单作大豆、单作玉米相比，间作处理对径流TN浓度的削减效应更为明显，降幅分别为97.8%和89.8%，与单作玉米处理相比较，间作处理对径流TP浓度均有不同程度的削减作用；从8°至15°处理，径流TP浓度相应有所增加。（2）侧渗TN、TP在红壤8°和15°条件下，与单作玉米相比，间作处理对侧渗TN浓度也有较大的削减作用，分别降低87.9%和86.8%，且在8°时侧渗TN浓度最低为2.91 mg/L；在紫色土8°和15°条件下，与单作玉米处理相比，间作处理对侧渗TN浓度有约50%和80%的降幅，与单作玉米处理相比较，间作处理对侧渗TP浓度亦有不同程度的削减作用；其中红壤8°条件间作处理下侧渗TP浓度最高为0.25 mg/L，15°条件间作处理下TP浓度最低为0.07 mg/L。不同坡度条件下，土壤中N、P的输出量不同，且随着坡度增大，径流或侧渗中N、P总体的流失量也呈一定的增加趋势。玉米/大豆间作体系对径流和侧渗中的N、P有一定的削减作用；对于红壤和紫色土，由于其自身理化性质的不同，对坡耕地土壤中N、P流失的削减效应也不尽相同。因此，控制坡耕地氮、磷流失应综合考虑各种因素，对于保护滇池流域水环境具有重要意义。

Abstract

The present study aimed to reveal the effects of intercropping on soil runoff and lateral seepage nitrogen (N)

phosphorus (P) loss in different types of slope farmland. A runoff and leaching simulating experiment was conducted

different types of soil (red soil and purple soil) and slopes (8° and 15°) and planting patterns maize (Zea mays L.)/soybeans (Glycine max L.) intercropping and mono-maize and mono-soybeans) were designed

the changes of N and P concentrations in runoff and lateral seepage under the influence of various factors were analyzed. The results showed that:(1) In the case of the total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) of runoff:under different slope in red soil

compared with mono-soybean

intercropping has different reduction effect on TN

the reductions were 27.5% and 30.8%

respectively

and the TN under intercropping was the lowest

which was 0.75 mg/L at the slope of 8°. Under the slope of 8° in purple soil

compared with mono-soybeans and mono-maize

the reduction of intercropping on TN of runoff was more obvious

and the reductions were 97.8% and 89.8%

respectively. Compared with mono treatment

intercropping had the different reduction on TP of runoff. However

the TP of runoff increased from the slope of 8° to 15°. (2) For the lateral seepage TN

under the slope of 8° and 15° in the red soil

compared with mono-maize

intercropping had a greater reduction of the lateral seepage TN

which had 87.9% and 86.8% reduction

respectively

as well as the lowest concentration of TN was 2.91 mg/L at 8°; under the slope of 8° and 15° in purple soil

the reduction of intercropping on TN of lateral seepage were 50% and 80%

respectively. Compared with mono-maize

intercropping also had the different reduction on TP of lateral seepage; and the TP under the slope of 8° in red soil of intercropping was the highest with 0.25 mg/L

and the TP under the slope of 15° red soil of intercropping was the lowest with 0.07 mg/L. The output of N and P in soil was different under different slope treatments and the total loss of N and P in runoff or lateral seepage would increase with the slope increasing. In conclusion

the maize/soybean intercropping system had a certain effect on the reduction of N and P concentration in the runoff and lateral seepage. For red soil and purple soil

the reduction of the loss of N and P in the soil of slope farmland might be different because of their physicochemical properties. Therefore

controlling the loss of N and P in slope farmland should consider all kinds of factors

which is of great significance to protect the water environment of Dianchi Watershed.

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