The aim of this study was to investigate effects of long-term fertilization on lateritic red soil fertility in cropping-green manure planting system and provided corresponding sustainable management. A long-term field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different fertilization method on soil nutrients

enzyme activities and microbial traits in lateritic red soil. The results showed that : Compared to the control treatment

long-term fertilization significantly increased the soil organic matter

alkali solution nitrogen

phosphorus

rapidly-available potassium nutrient

and improved the soil sucrose invertase

urease and phosphatase activities

and increased the content of soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen and microbial community species richness

dominance

evenness. The long-term fertilization increased soil nutrient content by 4.5%～117.2%

enzyme activity by 4.9%～68.1% and microbial diversity by 3.2%～71.9%

respectively. The microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen content were increased by 7.8%~36.9% and 21.4%~65.7%

and the most significant effect was observed as following: Organic manure (M)

organic and inorganic fertilizer treatment (NPKM) and straw with inorganic fertilizer treatment (NPKS). The significant correlations were found between soil nutrient

soil enzyme activity

microbial diversity as well as microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen (p＜0.05). In summary

the long-term single organic fertilizer or organic combined with inorganic fertilization was a good measure for fertility improvement in soil of cropping-green manure planting system.