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1.贵州大学林学院,贵阳 550025
2.贵州大学土壤侵蚀与生态修复研究中心,贵阳 550025
3.安顺学院旅游生态与环境学院,贵州 安顺 561000
Received:05 March 2026,
Revised:2026-04-09,
Accepted:20 April 2026,
Online First:29 May 2026,
Published:28 August 2026
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彭绘丹,戴全厚,易兴松,等.西南喀斯特耕地撂荒土壤有机碳组分变化及其稳定性特征[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(4):78-86.
Peng Huidan, Dai Quanhou, Yi Xingsong, et al. Changes in Soil Organic Carbon Fractions and Stability Characteristics of Abandoned Farmland in Southwest Karst Regions[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2026, 40(4):78-86.
彭绘丹,戴全厚,易兴松,等.西南喀斯特耕地撂荒土壤有机碳组分变化及其稳定性特征[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(4):78-86. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.04.041. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.04.041.
Peng Huidan, Dai Quanhou, Yi Xingsong, et al. Changes in Soil Organic Carbon Fractions and Stability Characteristics of Abandoned Farmland in Southwest Karst Regions[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2026, 40(4):78-86. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.04.041. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.04.041.
目的
2
为探究喀斯特耕地撂荒土壤有机碳变化规律并辨析碳库由数量扩张向结构稳固转化的阈值。
方法
2
以贵州典型喀斯特撂荒耕地为研究对象,采用时空替代法,分析耕地(CK)及演替序列(5、10、15 a)土层(0~20 cm)土壤有机碳(SOC)及其组分(易氧化有机碳EOC、颗粒有机碳POC、轻组有机碳LFOC、重组有机碳HFOC)的含量分异,利用碳库管理指数(CPMI)及重组组分占比(HFOC/SOC)评价碳库稳定性。
结果
2
1)撂荒15 a时0~10 cm土层SOC含量较CK显著增长70.1%,积累主要集中在前10 a。2)EOC与POC随撂荒年限呈倒“U”形波动并于10 a达峰,0~10 cm土层分别较CK增长91.5%和107.1%;HFOC呈极显著持续线性增长(
R
2
>
0.9)贡献率稳居88%~90%。3)撂荒10 a是碳库由活性驱动的量增阶段转向稳定驱动的质稳阶段的关键功能转型阈值,此点CPMI达峰后回落,稳定性比值回升。4)碳库重塑呈浅层先转型、深层滞后的垂直分异规律,0~10 cm土层对演替驱动的敏感度及稳定性提升速度显著优于10~20 cm土层。RDA第1轴解释率达57.27%,撂荒年限是驱动组分变化的主导因子。
结论
2
10 a是喀斯特碳库功能重塑的关键拐点,植被恢复促使碳库由活性积累转向化学固持。该发现强调评估应关注表层碳库转型,利用高钙生境增强矿物保护韧性,提升固碳能力。
Objective
2
This study aims to investigate the evolution patterns of soil organic carbon (SOC) in abandoned farmland of karst areas and identify the transition threshold of carbon pool from quantitative expansion to structural stabilization.
Methods
2
A typical abandoned farmland of karst areas in Guizhou was selected as the research subject. A space-for-time substitution method was adopted to analyze the differences in SOC content and its fractions, including easily oxidizable organic carbon (EOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), light fraction organic carbon (LFOC), and heavy fraction organic carbon (HFOC), in the 0~20 cm soil layer across farmland (CK) and succession sequences (5, 10, and 15 a of abandonment). The carbon pool management index (CPMI) and the HFOC/SOC ratio were used to evaluate carbon pool stability.
Results
2
1) After 15 a of abandonment, SOC content in the 0~10 cm soil layer increased by 70.1% compared with CK, with accumulation mainly occurring in the first 10 a. 2) EOC and POC showed an inverted "U"-shaped pattern with increasing abandonment years and peaked at 10 a, increasing by 91.5% and 107.1%, respectively, in the 0~10 cm soil layer compared with CK. HFOC showed a highly significant continuous linear increase (
R
²
>
0.9), with its contribution remaining at 88%~90%. 3) The 10 a of abandonment was the threshold for carbon pool functional transition from an activity-driven quantity increase stage to a stability-driven quality stabilization stage, at which CPMI peaked and then declined, while the stability ratio increased. 4) Carbon pool remodeling showed a vertical differentiation pattern with earlier transformation in the surface layer and a lagged response in deeper layers. The 0~10 cm soil layer exhibited significantly higher sensitivity to succession and faster stability improvement than the 10~20 cm soil layer. The first axis of redundancy analysis (RDA) explained 57.27% of the variations, and abandonment years were the dominant factor driving changes in carbon fractions.
Conclusion
2
10 a is the key turning point for carbon pool functional remodeling in karst areas, and vegetation restoration promotes the transition from active accumulation to chemical stabilization. This finding emphasizes the importance of focusing on carbon pool transformation in surface soils and enhancing carbon sequestration capacity by utilizing strong mineral protection in calcium-rich habitats.
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