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1.西南林业大学水土保持学院,昆明 650224
2.云南省山地农村生态环境演变与污染治理重点实验室,昆明 650224
3.国家林业和草原局云南沾益岩溶生态系统定位观测研究站,云南 曲靖 655500
Received:07 April 2026,
Revised:2026-05-21,
Accepted:02 June 2026,
Online First:10 June 2026,
Published:28 August 2026
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牛梦婷,李伟,黄瑞龙,等.喀斯特石漠化区苔藓结皮覆盖土壤微生物残体碳积累及其驱动机制[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(4):65-77.
Niu Mengting, Li Wei, Huang Ruilong, et al. The accumulation and driving mechanisms of microbial necromass carbon in moss-dominated biocrusts in the karst rocky desertification region[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2026, 40(4):65-77.
牛梦婷,李伟,黄瑞龙,等.喀斯特石漠化区苔藓结皮覆盖土壤微生物残体碳积累及其驱动机制[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(4):65-77. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.04.034. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.04.034.
Niu Mengting, Li Wei, Huang Ruilong, et al. The accumulation and driving mechanisms of microbial necromass carbon in moss-dominated biocrusts in the karst rocky desertification region[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2026, 40(4):65-77. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.04.034. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.04.034.
目的
2
为阐明喀斯特石漠化梯度下苔藓结皮覆盖土壤中土壤养分、微生物群落、微生物残体碳及其对土壤有机碳贡献的变化特征,揭示影响微生物残体碳积累的关键环境因子和微生物学机制。
方法
2
以云南省曲靖市沾益区岩溶峡谷石漠化区为研究区,在无退化、轻度退化、中度退化和重度退化样地采集苔藓结皮层(0~1 cm)和结皮下层(1~5 cm)土壤,测定土壤养分、微生物群落结构、微生物生物量及微生物残体碳含量。
结果
2
在苔藓结皮覆盖土壤中,随石漠化程度加深,有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)、微生物生物量碳氮(MBC、MBN)总体升高,至重度退化阶段达到峰值;就垂直分布而言,结皮层SOC、TN、全磷(TP)、MBC、MBN和微生物生物量磷(MBP)含量分别较结皮下层提高19.13%、29.61%、10.45%、97.47%、97.08%和36.21%。细菌残体碳(BNC)、真菌残体碳(FNC)和微生物残体碳(MNC)储量随石漠化程度加深呈增加趋势,且多数情况下结皮层储量高于结皮下层。FNC对SOC的贡献高于BNC,且FNC与SOC的相关性亦强于BNC。细菌群落对土层深度的响应更敏感,而真菌群落对石漠化等级的变化响应更显著;随机森林分析显示,在结皮层土壤中,真菌Shannon指数与FNC呈显著负相关;在结皮下层土壤中,细菌Shannon指数与BNC呈显著正相关。Mantel分析表明,2个土层MNC储量均与土壤养分和微生物生物量显著相关,其中结皮层MNC主要与细菌的生活史策略相关,而结皮下层则主要与真菌的生活史策略相关。
结论
2
苔藓结皮能显著增强喀斯特石漠化土壤的养分含量和微生物活性,进而促进微生物残体碳积累与固存,其中尤以真菌残体对有机碳的固持作用更为突出。微生物残体碳的形成受土壤养分、微生物活性、群落组成与生活史策略的共同调控,且在结皮层与结皮下层间存在差异。研究结果表明,苔藓结皮是喀斯特石漠化区土壤碳库恢复的重要生物驱动力,可为石漠化土壤碳汇提升和生态恢复措施优化提供科学依据。
Objective
2
To elucidate the characteristics of soil nutrients, microbial communities, and microbial necromass carbon, and their contributions to soil organic carbon in moss-dominated biocrusts of karst rocky desertification areas, and to identify the key environmental factors and microbial mechanisms underlying the formation of microbial necromass carbon.
Methods
2
The study was conducted in rocky desertification areas in Zhanyi District, Qujing City, Yunnan Province. Soil samples were collected from the moss-dominated biocrust layer (0-1 cm) and the sub-layer (1-5 cm) at sites representing non-degraded, lightly degraded, moderately degraded, and severely degraded conditions. Soil nutrients, microbial community structure, microbial biomass, and microbial necromass carbon were subsequently analyzed.
Results
2
The results showed that, in moss-covered soils, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, microbial biomass carbon, and microbial biomass nitrogen generally increased with increasing rocky desertification severity, reaching their highest values at the severely degraded stage. Vertically, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen, and microbial biomass phosphorus were 19.13%, 29.61%, 10.45%, 97.47%, 97.08%, and 36.21% higher in the biocrust layer than those in the sub-layer, respectively. Bacterial necromass carbon, fungal necromass carbon, and microbial necromass carbon increased with increasing rocky desertification severity, and were generally higher in the biocrust layer than in the sub-layer. The contribution of fungal necromass carbon to soil organic carbon was higher than that of bacterial necromass carbon, and the correlation between fungal necromass carbon and soil organic carbon was stronger than that between bacterial necromass carbon and soil organic carbon. Bacterial communities were more sensitive to soil depth, whereas fungal communities were more responsive to the severity of rocky desertification. Random forest analysis showed that the fungal Shannon index was significantly negatively correlated with fungal necromass carbon in the biocrust layer, while the bacterial Shannon index was significantly positively correlated with bacterial necromass carbon in the sub-layer. Mantel analysis showed that microbial necromass carbon in both soil layers was significantly correlated with soil nutrients and microbial biomass. Microbial necromass carbon in the biocrust layer was mainly associated with bacterial life-history strategies, whereas microbial necromass carbon in the sub-layer was mainly related to fungal life-history strategies.
Conclusion
2
Moss biocrusts can significantly enhance soil nutrient availability and microbial activities in karst rocky desertification areas, thereby promoting the accumulation of microbial necromass carbon and its contribution to soil organic carbon, with fungal necromass playing a more prominent role in enhancing the stabilization of soil organic carbon. The formation of microbial necromass carbon is jointly regulated by soil nutrients, microbial activities, community composition, and life-history strategies, and differs between the biocrust layer and the sub-layer.
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