Responses of Water Storage of Gully Heads to Rainfall in Black Soil Region of Northeast China

Wang Wenqi; Ma Chao

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.04.033

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Responses of Water Storage of Gully Heads to Rainfall in Black Soil Region of Northeast China

Basic Research | 更新时间：2026-09-10

- Responses of Water Storage of Gully Heads to Rainfall in Black Soil Region of Northeast China
- Journal of Soil and Water Conservation Vol. 40, Issue 4, Pages: 152-162(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  北京林业大学水土保持学院，北京 100083
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.04.033
  CLC： S157.1
- CSTR：32310.14.stbcxb.2026.04.033
- Received：27 December 2025，
  
  Revised：2026-02-23，
  
  Accepted：01 April 2026，
  
  Online First：21 May 2026，
  
  Published：28 August 2026
- 稿件说明：
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王文起，马超.东北黑土区切沟沟头储水量对降雨的响应［J］.水土保持学报，2026，40（4）：152-162.

Wang Wenqi， Ma Chao. Responses of Water storage of gully heads to rainfall in black soil region of Northeast China［J］. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation， 2026， 40（4）：152-162.
王文起，马超.东北黑土区切沟沟头储水量对降雨的响应［J］.水土保持学报，2026，40（4）：152-162. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.04.033. CSTR： 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.04.033.

Wang Wenqi， Ma Chao. Responses of Water storage of gully heads to rainfall in black soil region of Northeast China［J］. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation， 2026， 40（4）：152-162. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.04.033. CSTR： 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.04.033.

摘要

目的

为探究东北黑土区切沟沟头储水量对降雨的响应特征，揭示降雨前后沟头储水量的变化规律，建立降雨前后储水量变化的定量预测方法。

方法

以九三、宾县和九台3个研究区发育阶段及规模相近的4个切沟沟头为研究对象，通过瞬态脱湿-吸湿试验、数值拟合和储水量预测模型构建，深入探究不同切沟土壤水力学参数差异、储水量衰减系数差异和储水量在降雨前后的变化规律。

结果

沟头土壤土水特征曲线存在明显滞后效应，滞后效应强弱排序为沟1≈沟2

沟3

沟4。降雨后储水量随时间呈指数衰减，初期消退快、后期变缓。储水量衰减系数（

）随土层深度依次减小。模型模拟表明，85.7%的点位储水量变化与以最大1 h雨强为降雨输入参数的预测结果最吻合，14.3%的点位以最大连续2 h平均雨强输入更优。因此，在开展土壤储水量预测时，入渗性能好的点位可选取

1 h

为降雨输入参数，如沟头或受侵蚀严重的点位；而入渗性能差或有强烈水分再分配点位应选取

2 h

为降雨输入参数。

结论

东北黑土区切沟沟头降雨后储水量演化可通过指数衰减规律及短历时降雨指标加以有效表征，所构建模型可较准确地实现事件尺度下沟头短期储水量变化的定量预测，为沟蚀过程预测预警提供方法支撑。

Abstract

Objective

This study investigates the response characteristics of water storage at gully heads to rainfall in the black soil region of Northeast China， reveals the variation patterns of water storage at gully heads before and after rainfall， and establishes a quantitative prediction method for its changes before and after rainfall.

Methods

Four gully heads with similar developmental stages and scales in three study areas （Jiusan， Binxian and Jiutai） were selected as research objects. Differences in soil hydraulic parameters， decay coefficients of water storage， and variation patterns of water storage before and after rainfall were investigated through transient water release and imbibition method （TRIM）， numerical fitting， and prediction model construction.

Results

Obvious hysteresis effects were observed in soil-water characteristic curves （SWCC） of soils at gully heads， with the intensity ranking as gully 1 ≈ gully 2

gully 3

gully 4. After rainfall， water storage decayed exponentially over time， showing rapid decline in the initial stage and slower decline in the later stage. The decay coefficient （

） of water storage decreased progressively with increasing soil depth. Model simulations showed that water storage changes at 85.7 % of the monitoring sites were best predicted using 1 h maximum rainfall intensity （

1 h

） as the rainfall input parameter， whereas 14.3 % of the sites were better simulated using 2 h average maximum continuous rainfall intensity （

2 h

） as input. Therefore， in predicting soil water storage changes，

1 h

could be selected as the rainfall input parameter for sites with good infiltration performance， such as gully heads or severely eroded sites. However，

2 h

should be selected as the rainfall input parameter for sites with poor infiltration performance or strong water redistribution.

Conclusion

The evolution of water storage at gully heads after rainfall in the black soil region of Northeast China can be effectively characterized using exponential decay patterns and short-duration rainfall indices. The constructed model can accurately and quantitatively predict short-duration water storage changes at gully heads at the event scale， which provides methodological support for prediction and early warning of gully erosion processes.

关键词

Keywords

references

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