Construction and Regional Assessment of Perception-Based Farmers′ Relationship with Nature Index in Loess Plateau of Northern Shaanxi

Chen Shuo; Zhao Wenwu; Zhai Peishen; Liu Xu

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.04.031

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Construction and Regional Assessment of Perception-Based Farmers′ Relationship with Nature Index in Loess Plateau of Northern Shaanxi

Basic Research | 更新时间：2026-09-10

- Construction and Regional Assessment of Perception-Based Farmers′ Relationship with Nature Index in Loess Plateau of Northern Shaanxi
- Journal of Soil and Water Conservation Vol. 40, Issue 4, Pages: 345-358(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.北京师范大学地理科学学部，地表过程与水土风沙灾害风险防控全国重点实验室，北京 100875
  2.北京师范大学地理科学学部，陆地表层系统科学与可持续发展研究院，北京 100875
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.04.031
  CLC： Q95
- CSTR：32310.14.stbcxb.2026.04.031
- Received：06 January 2026，
  
  Revised：2026-03-24，
  
  Accepted：06 April 2026，
  
  Online First：06 May 2026，
  
  Published：28 August 2026
- 稿件说明：
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陈硕，赵文武，翟沛申，等.基于感知的陕北黄土高原农户与自然关系指数构建与区域评估［J］.水土保持学报，2026，40（4）：345-358.

Chen Shuo， Zhao Wenwu， Zhai Peishen， et al. Construction and regional assessment of perception-based farmers′ relationship with nature index in Loess Plateau of Northern Shaanxi［J］. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation， 2026， 40（4）：345-358.
陈硕，赵文武，翟沛申，等.基于感知的陕北黄土高原农户与自然关系指数构建与区域评估［J］.水土保持学报，2026，40（4）：345-358. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.04.031. CSTR： 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.04.031.

Chen Shuo， Zhao Wenwu， Zhai Peishen， et al. Construction and regional assessment of perception-based farmers′ relationship with nature index in Loess Plateau of Northern Shaanxi［J］. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation， 2026， 40（4）：345-358. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.04.031. CSTR： 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.04.031.

摘要

目的

为解决现有自然关系指数难以刻画生态脆弱区农户个体尺度人与自然关系、难以识别区域差异及关键制约因素的问题，揭示陕北地区农户与自然关系的总体水平、空间分异、主要障碍及其内在协同权衡关系。

方法

以自然关系指数（nature relationship index，NRI）为理论参照，将宏观人与自然关系框架降尺度至农户个体尺度，构建包含3个1级维度、6个2级维度和16个3级指标的农户与自然关系指数（farmers′ relationship with nature index，FRNI）指标体系。基于2025年7—8月对陕北25个区（县）开展的522份农户问卷，采用指数测度、障碍度模型和Spearman相关性分析方法，对农户与自然关系的总体水平、空间格局、关键障碍及权衡协同关系进行分析。

结果

1）陕北地区FRNI平均值为0.53，总体处于中等水平。3个1级维度中，自然受保障维度得分最高（0.61），自然繁荣且可及维度居中，自然被关怀和尊重地利用维度得分最低（0.46），表明当前政府主导的生态治理和环境保障已有一定基础，但农户在资源节约利用、生态关怀和主动参与等方面仍较薄弱。2）陕北地区FRNI整体呈“南高北低”的空间格局，不同维度表现出差异化空间结构，说明农户与自然关系的区域差异是自然本底、农业生产方式、生态治理投入和农户生计结构共同作用的结果。3）影响FRNI提升的主要障碍集中在自然可及性不足、节水行为偏弱和农户参与不足等方面，相关指标间整体以协同关系为主，少数指标存在显著权衡关系。基于障碍度识别和权衡协同关系分析，进一步提出“优先干预关键障碍-化解主要权衡关系-放大协同效应”的系统提升路径。

结论

基于感知的FRNI能够较好表征生态脆弱区农户与自然关系的总体状态、空间差异和关键短板，陕北地区农户与自然关系提升的重点不在单一生态改善，而在于同步加强自然可及性、节水行为和主体参与，并依据区域差异实施分区分类治理。研究结果可为黄土高原及类似生态脆弱区农户与自然关系评估、关键障碍诊断和政策建议提供支撑。

Abstract

Objective

To address the limitations of existing nature relationship index （NRI） in depicting the human-nature relationship at the individual level in ecologically fragile regions， and their inability to identify regional differences and key constraining factors， this study aims to reveal the overall level， spatial differentiation， major obstacles， and intrinsic trade-offs and synergies of farmers′ relationship with nature in northern Shaanxi.

Methods

Taking NRI as a theoretical reference， the macro human-nature relationship framework was downscaled to the individual farmer level. An indicator system of the farmers′ relationship with nature index （FRNI） was constructed， consisting of three first-level dimensions， six second-level dimensions， and sixteen third-level indicators. Based on 522 household questionnaires conducted in 25 counties/districts of northern Shaanxi form July to August 2025， index measurement， the obstacle degree model， and Spearman correlation analysis were employed to analyze the overall level， spatial pattern， key obstacles， and trade-offs and synergies of farmers′ relationship with nature.

Results

1） The average FRNI in northern Shaanxi was 0.53， indicating a moderate overall level. Among the three first-level dimensions， the "nature is safeguarded" dimension scored the highest （0.61）， the "nature is thriving and accessible" dimension ranked in the middle， and the "nature is used with care and respect" dimension scored the lowest （0.46）. This suggested that although government-led ecological governance and environmental protection have established a certain foundation， farmers remained relatively weak in resource conservation， ecological care， and active participation. 2） The FRNI in northern Shaanxi showed an overall spatial pattern of "higher in the south and lower in the north"， with different dimensions showing differentiated spatial structures. This indicated that regional differences in farmers′ relationships with nature resulted from the combined effects of natural endowment， agricultural production practices， ecological governance efforts， and farmers′ livelihood structures. 3） The main obstacles to improving FRNI were concentrated in limited accessibility to nature， weak water-saving behaviors， and insufficient farmer participation. Overall， relationships among the indicators were dominated by synergies， with a few indicators showing significant trade-offs. Based on obstacle identification and analysis of trade-offs and synergies， a systematic improvement pathway was proposed， which is prioritizing key obstacles， mitigating major trade-offs， and amplifying synergies.

Conclusion

The perception-based FRNI effectively characterizes the overall status， spatial differences， and key shortcomings of farmers′ relationships with nature in ecologically fragile regions. In northern Shaanxi， improving farmers' relationship with nature depends not only on ecological improvement， but also on the coordinated enhancement of accessibility to nature， water-saving behavior， and farmer participation， with targeted governance tailored to local conditions. The findings provide a support for evaluating farmer-nature relationships， diagnosing critical obstacles， and informing policy in the Loess Plateau and similar ecologically fragile regions.

关键词

Keywords

references

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