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1.广西岩土力学与工程重点实验室,广西 桂林 541004
2.内蒙古自治区自然资源保护与利用研究中心, 呼和浩特 010041
Received:27 December 2025,
Revised:2026-03-02,
Accepted:31 March 2026,
Online First:14 April 2026,
Published:28 August 2026
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李善梅,李维基,黄博彦,等.粗粒土干燥裂隙发育的主控因素辨识[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(4):216-226.
Li Shanmei, Li Weiji, Huang Boyan, et al. Identification of dominant factors controlling desiccation cracking development in coarse-grained soils[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2026, 40(4):216-226.
李善梅,李维基,黄博彦,等.粗粒土干燥裂隙发育的主控因素辨识[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(4):216-226. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.04.025. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.04.025.
Li Shanmei, Li Weiji, Huang Boyan, et al. Identification of dominant factors controlling desiccation cracking development in coarse-grained soils[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2026, 40(4):216-226. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.04.025. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.04.025.
目的
2
揭示界面粗糙度、颗粒级配及温度与厚度耦合作用对土体干缩裂隙发育的主控机制与相对重要性,为防范土体防渗失效与力学失稳等工程隐患提供理论依据。
方法
2
选取桂林青狮潭水库库泥为试验对象,设计并开展涵盖不同颗粒级配(内在组分)、底部界面粗糙度(边界条件)及干燥温度与土层初始厚度(环境与几何条件)的系列室内干燥模型试验。利用高精度成像设备记录土体水分蒸发与裂隙演化全过程,结合数字图像处理技术对裂隙网络进行二值化与骨架化处理,定量提取裂隙率、裂隙平均宽度及分形维数等特征参数。采用极差分析法系统计算并比较各因素对裂隙发育的贡献权重。
结果
2
1)界面粗糙度是主导裂隙网络发育及其形态演化的首要控制因素,其对裂隙率的贡献权重高达57.08%。粗糙度的增加显著提升裂隙网络的几何复杂性与拓扑连通性,并诱发土体边缘出现显著的“卷曲”现象。2)颗粒级配作为内在遗传因素,其贡献权重为26.98%。细颗粒含量的增加与裂隙率、裂隙宽度及分形维数均呈显著正相关,从根本上决定土体的体积收缩潜能与最终开裂模式。3)温度与厚度条件的综合贡献率约为16.00%。其中,初始层厚的贡献权重(9.18%)明显优于干燥温度(6.76%)。前者主要通过制约拉应力的释放范围主导裂隙的宏观分布格局,而后者的影响则呈较为复杂的非单调性变化特征。
结论
2
影响土体干缩裂隙发育的主导因素为界面粗糙度与颗粒级配,环境温度与初始厚度则起次要协同作用。研究结果可为实际岩土工程防渗土体的裂隙灾变防控、材料改良及施工工艺优化提供科学依据。
Objective
2
This study reveals controlling mechanisms and relative importance of interface roughness, particle gradation, and coupling effects of temperature and thickness on the development of soil desiccation cracking, providing a theoretical basis for preventing engineering hazards such as anti-seepage failure and mechanical instability of soil masses.
Methods
2
Sediments from Qingshitan Reservoir in Guilin were selected as test materials, and a series of laboratory drying model tests were designed and conducted covering different particle gradations (intrinsic components), bottom interface roughness (boundary conditions), and drying temperatures and initial soil layer thicknesses (environmental and geometric conditions). High-precision imaging equipment was used to record the whole process of water evaporation and crack evolution in soils. Digital image processing techniques were applied to perform binarization and skeletonization of crack networks to quantitatively extract characteristic parameters such as crack ratio, average crack width, and fractal dimension. Range analysis was employed to systematically calculate and compare the contribution weights of different factors to desiccation cracking development.
Results
2
1) Interface roughness was the primary controlling factor of crack network development and morphological evolution, with a contribution weight of 57.08% to crack ratio. Increased interface roughness significantly enhanced geometric complexity and topological connectivity of crack networks and induced significant curling at soil edges. 2) Particle gradation, acting as an intrinsic factor, had a contribution weight of 26.98%. An increase in fine particle content showed significant positive correlations with crack ratio, crack width, and fractal dimension, fundamentally determining volumetric shrinkage potential and final cracking modes of soils. 3) The combined contribution rate of temperature and thickness was approximately 16.00%. Specifically, the contribution weight of initial layer thickness (9.18%) was significantly higher than that of the drying temperature (6.76%). The former dominated macroscopic distribution patterns of cracks primarily by constraining the release range of tensile stress, while the latter exhibited relatively complex non-monotonic variation characteristics.
Conclusion
2
The dominant factors controlling soil desiccation cracking development are interface roughness and particle gradation, while environmental temperature and initial thickness play secondary synergistic roles. The results provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of cracking hazards, material improvement, and construction process optimization of anti-seepage soil masses in practical geotechnical engineering.
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