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1.新疆大学地理与遥感科学学院, 乌鲁木齐830017
2.新疆绿洲生态重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐830017
3.塔城水利设计研究院有限公司, 新疆 塔城 834700
Received:15 January 2026,
Revised:2026-03-24,
Accepted:02 April 2026,
Online First:14 April 2026,
Published:28 August 2026
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杨鹏,邢坤,赵万强,等.昆仑山北麓内陆河径流对不对称升温的滞后响应特征[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(4):185-195.
Yang Peng, Xing Kun, Zhao Wanqiang, et al. Lagged response characteristics of inland river runoff to asymmetric warming on northern foot of Kunlun Mountains[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2026, 40(4):185-195.
杨鹏,邢坤,赵万强,等.昆仑山北麓内陆河径流对不对称升温的滞后响应特征[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(4):185-195. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.04.024. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.04.024.
Yang Peng, Xing Kun, Zhao Wanqiang, et al. Lagged response characteristics of inland river runoff to asymmetric warming on northern foot of Kunlun Mountains[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2026, 40(4):185-195. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.04.024. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.04.024.
目的
2
为阐明在气候变暖背景下冰雪补给型内陆河径流的变化规律及其成因,以保障西北干旱区水安全。
方法
2
以昆仑山北麓克里雅河为研究对象,基于1961—2019年水文气象数据,集成Mann-Kendall趋势检验、Pettitt突变检测、小波周期图分析和偏相关分析等方法,系统评估径流变化特征及其气候驱动机制,并从水库建设的视角对比分析2016年前后的水文情势变化。
结果
2
1) 克里雅河径流呈极显著上升趋势(
p
<
0.001),受28 a、18 a和6 a主周期共同调控,未检测到结构性突变。2) 流域气候呈不对称增温特征,最低气温升温速率(0.055 ℃/a)为最高气温(0.025 ℃/a)的2.2倍,降水以23 a稳定周期增长。3) 径流变化遵循“温度主导、降水辅助、滞后响应”模式,最低气温是核心驱动因子,且存在1 a滞后效应。4) 水库建成后初步呈现“削峰填谷”的调节作用,径流变异系数降低48.91%,非汛期径流增幅显著大于汛期。
结论
2
克里雅河径流增长主要由夜间升温导致的冰雪消融主导,目前仍处于冰川融水“增益期”;水库运行已对天然水文过程产生“削峰填谷”的调节作用,但未改变气候驱动下的长期增长趋势。研究结果为高寒内陆河流域应对气候变化的水资源管理提供科学依据。
Objective
2
This study investigates the variation patterns of runoff in glacier-fed inland rivers and their underlying mechanisms under climate warming, aiming to support water security in arid regions of Northwest China.
Methods
2
The Keriya River on the northern foot of the Kunlun Mountains was selected as the study object. Based on hydrological and meteorological data from 1961 to 2019, this study systematically assessed runoff variation characteristics and the driving mechanisms of climate change using the Mann-Kendall trend test, Pettitt method for abrupt change detection, wavelet period analysis, and partial correlation analysis. Hydrological regime changes before and after 2016 were compared from the perspective of reservoir construction.
Results
2
1) Runoff of the Keriya River showed a highly significant increasing trend (
p
<
0.001), jointly regulated by dominant cycles of 28, 18, and 6 years, with
no detectable abrupt structural change. 2) The climate in the basin exhibited asymmetric warming characteristics, with the warming rate of minimum temperature (0.055 ℃/year) being 2.2 times that of maximum temperature (0.025 ℃/year), and precipitation increased following a stable 23-year cycle. 3) Runoff variation followed a "temperature-dominated, precipitation-assisted, lagged response" pattern, with minimum temperature as the core driving factor and showing a 1-year lag effect. 4) After a reservoir was constructed, a preliminary peak-shaving and valley-filling regulatory effect was observed, with the runoff coefficient of variation decreasing by 48.91%. The increase in runoff during the non-flood season was significantly greater than in the flood season.
Conclusion
2
Runoff increase of the Keriya River is primarily dominated by snow and glacier melt induced by nighttime warming, and the basin is currently in a gain period of glacial meltwater. Reservoir operation has already produced a peak-shaving and valley-filling regulatory effect on natural hydrological processes, but it has not altered the long-term increasing trend driven by climate. The findings provide a scientific basis for water resources management in alpine inland river basins under climate change.
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