

浏览全部资源
扫码关注微信
1.桂林理工大学广西岩土力学与工程重点实验室, 广西 桂林 541004
2.中国科学院亚热带农业;生态研究所,长沙 410125
3.中国科学院环江喀斯特生态系统观测研究站, 广西;环江 547100
4.桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院, 广西 桂林 541006
Received:03 January 2026,
Revised:2026-02-06,
Accepted:20 March 2026,
Online First:14 April 2026,
Published:28 August 2026
移动端阅览
蔡显雄,付智勇,徐勤学,等.峰丛洼地小流域不同地貌部位岩土结构特征差异[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(4):46-55.
Cai Xianxiong, Fu Zhiyong, Xu Qinxue, et al. Differences in rock-soil structural characteristics across different geomorphic positions in small watersheds of peak-cluster depressions[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2026, 40(4):46-55.
蔡显雄,付智勇,徐勤学,等.峰丛洼地小流域不同地貌部位岩土结构特征差异[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(4):46-55. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.04.020. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.04.020.
Cai Xianxiong, Fu Zhiyong, Xu Qinxue, et al. Differences in rock-soil structural characteristics across different geomorphic positions in small watersheds of peak-cluster depressions[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2026, 40(4):46-55. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.04.020. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.04.020.
目的
2
探明上覆土壤与下伏基岩强风化层间的共同发育关系,为喀斯特区地下岩土结构的定量预测提供基础数据支撑。
方法
2
在广西环江木连小流域利用智能摄影技术以3 m高标准水准尺为对照,调查上坡、中坡、下坡和洼地4个不同地貌部位各17条5 m宽岩土剖面共68条。通过AutoCAD图像刻画与ArcGIS-Fragstats对图像矢量化处理获取土岩剖面等效厚度(
T
)、斑块数量(NP)、斑块形状指数SHAPE、等效厚度周长比PTR、斑块分形维数FRAC、厚度变异系数CV等结构指标进行比较。
结果
2
1)土壤层与基岩强风化层等效厚度由上坡向洼地不均匀递增,上坡土层厚度
<
25 cm,洼地基岩强风化层厚度在110~250 cm。2)中坡斑块数量(NP
>
4)及形状指数显著高于其他坡位,呈现破碎的岩土交错镶嵌特征,乔灌木植被数量、根系最大深度与土壤及基岩强风化层厚度特征显著正相关(
r
=0.86,
r
=0.65),且增加木本植被能有效降低土壤厚度的空间变异。3)线性模型显示,基岩强风化层厚度约为土壤层的69%,可通过地表易测指标(
T
,Sd)有效预测地下隐蔽结构的复杂特征。
结论
2
岩土剖面尺度的量化研究揭示不同地貌部位的结构特征差异,为喀斯特生态修复中的地貌部位分区精准治理提供科学依据。
Objective
2
This study aims to investigate the co-developmental relationship between the overlying soil and the underlying strongly weathered bedrock layer, thereby providing fundamental data for the quantitative prediction of subsurface rock-soil structures in karst areas.
Methods
2
In the Mulian small watershed of Huanjiang, Guangxi, intelligent photogrammetry technology was employed, using a 3 m high standard leveling staff as a reference, to investigate 68 rock-soil profiles, each 5 m in width, across four different geomorphic positions: upper slope, middle slope, lower slope, and dep
ression (17 profiles per position). Through image characterization in AutoCAD and vectorization processing using ArcGIS-Fragstats, structural indicators of the rock-soil profiles were obtained and compared, including equivalent thickness (
T
), number of patches (NP), shape index (SHAPE), perimeter-to-thickness ratio (PTR), fractal dimension (FRAC), and coefficient of variation of thickness (CV).
Results
2
1) The equivalent thickness of the soil layer and the strongly weathered bedrock layer increased non-uniformly from the upper slope to the depression. The soil thickness on the upper slope was less than 25 cm, while the thickness of the strongly weathered bedrock layer in the depression ranged from 110 cm to 250 cm. 2) The number of patches (NP
>
4) and the shape index (SHAPE) on the middle slope were significantly higher than those at other slope positions, exhibiting fragmented and interlocked rock-soil mosaic characteristics. The number of trees and shrubs and the maximum root depth were significantly positively correlated with the thickness of the soil and the strongly weathered bedrock layer (
r
=0.86,
r
=0.65), and increasing woody vegetation effectively reduced the spatial variability of soil thickness. 3) A linear model indicated that the thickness of the strongly weathered bedrock layer was approximately 69% of the soil layer thickness. The complex characteristics of the concealed subsurface structure could be effectively predicted through easily measurable surface indicators, such as soil thickness (
T
) and woody stem density (Sd).
Conclusion
2
Quantitative research at the rock-soil profile scale reveals differences in structural characteristics among various geomorphic positions, providing a scientific basis for precise zonal management of geomorphic positions in karst ecological restoration.
Wang Sheng , Yan Yan , Zhao Yinjun , et al . Co-evolution among soil thickness, epikarst weathering degree, and runoff characteristics on a subtropical karst hillslope [J]. Journal of Hydrology , 2024 , 628 : e130499 .
Zhang Jun , Wang Sheng , Fu Zhiyong , et al . Soil thickness controls the rainfall-runoff relationship at the karst hillslope critical zone in southwest China [J]. Journal of Hydrology , 2022 , 609 : e127779 .
陈喜 , 张志才 . 喀斯特地区地球关键带科学与生态水文学发展综述 [J]. 中国岩溶 , 2022 , 41 ( 3 ): 356 - 364 .
Chen Xi , Zhang Zhicai . An overview on the development of science and ecological hydrology of the earth critical zones in karst area [J]. Carsologica Sinica , 2022 , 41 ( 3 ): 356 - 364 .
陈洪松 , 岳跃民 , 王克林 . 西南喀斯特地区石漠化综合治理:成效、问题与对策 [J]. 中国岩溶 , 2018 , 37 ( 1 ): 37 - 42 .
Chen Hongsong , Yue Yuemin , Wang Kelin . Comprehensive control on rocky desertification in karst regions of southwestern China: Achievements, problems, and countermeasures [J]. Carsologica Sinica , 2018 , 37 ( 1 ): 37 - 42 .
Qiu Sijing , Peng Jian , Quine T A , et al . Unraveling trade-offs among reforestation, urbanization, and food security in the South China karst region: How can a hinterland province achieve SDGs? [J]. Earth's Future , 2022 , 10 ( 12 ): e2022EF002867 .
袁道先 . 我国岩溶资源环境领域的创新问题 [J]. 中国岩溶 , 2015 , 34 ( 2 ): 98 - 100 .
Yuan Daoxian . Scientific innovation in karst resources and environment research field of China [J]. Carsologica Sinica , 2015 , 34 ( 2 ): 98 - 100 .
Wang Fa , Zhang Jun , Lian Jinjiao , et al . Spatial variability of epikarst thickness and its controlling factors in a dolomite catchment [J]. Geoderma , 2022 , 428 : e116213 .
姜光辉 , 刘凡 , 王奇岗 , 等 . 基于表层岩溶带调控的峰丛洼地低影响开发构建 [J]. 中国岩溶 , 2022 , 41 ( 2 ): 165 - 173 .
Jiang Guanghui , Liu Fan , Wang Qigang , et al . Low impact development construction of peak cluster depression based on regulation of epikarst zone [J]. Carsologica Sinica , 2022 , 41 ( 2 ): 165 - 173 .
曹建华 , 袁道先 , 潘根兴 . 岩溶生态系统中的土壤 [J]. 地球科学进展 , 2003 , 18 ( 1 ): 37 - 44 .
Cao Jianhua , Yuan Daoxian , Pan Genxing . Some soil features in karst ecosystem [J]. Advance in Earth Sciences , 2003 , 18 ( 1 ): 37 - 44 .
张君 , 陈洪松 , 聂云鹏 , 等 . 西南喀斯特关键带结构及其水文过程研究进展 [J]. 应用生态学报 , 2024 , 35 ( 4 ): 985 - 996 .
Zhang Jun , Chen Hongsong , Nie Yunpeng , et al . Research progress on structure and hydrological processes in the karst critical zone of southwest China [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology , 2024 , 35 ( 4 ): 985 - 996 .
陈洪松 , 张君 , 连晋姣 , 等 . 西南喀斯特关键带水文过程与植被的相互作用 [J]. 应用生态学报 , 2026 , 37 ( 1 ): 1 - 14 .
Chen Hongsong , Zhang Jun , Lian Jinjiao , et al . Interactions between hydrological processes and vegetation in karst critical zone, Southwest China [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology , 2026 , 37 ( 1 ): 1 - 14 .
王发 , 聂云鹏 , 陈洪松 , 等 . 典型喀斯特白云岩小流域土壤-表层岩溶带厚度空间异质性特征 [J]. 地质科技通报 , 2024 , 43 ( 1 ): 306 - 314 .
Wang Fa , Nie Yunpeng , Chen Hongsong , et al . Spatial heterogeneity characteristics of soil-epikarst thickness in a typical karst dolomite small watershed [J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology , 2024 , 43 ( 1 ): 306 - 314 .
Cheng Qinbo , Chen Xi , Tao Min , et al . Characterization of karst structures using quasi-3D electrical resistivity tomography [J]. Environmental Earth Sciences , 2019 , 78 ( 9 ): e285 .
Zhang Jun , Wang Sheng , Fu Zhiyong , et al . Regulation of preferential flow by soil thickness on small hillslopes with complex topography through intensive high-frequency soil moisture monitoring [J]. Geophysical Research Letters , 2025 , 52 ( 5 ): e2024GL112674 .
Justeau-Allaire D , Ibanez T , Vieilledent G , et al . Refining intra-patch connectivity measures in landscape fragmentation and connectivity indices [J]. Landscape Ecology , 2024 , 39 ( 2 ): e24 .
赵卫权 . 喀斯特湖库流域景观生态风险演变与预测 [D]. 贵阳 : 贵州师范大学 , 2025 .
Zhao Weiquan . Evolution and prediction of landscape ecological risks in karst lake and reservoir watershed [D]. Guiyang : Guizhou Normal University , 2025 .
Rasmussen C , Pelletier J D , Troch P A , et al . Quantifying topographic and vegetation effects on the transfer of energy and mass to the critical zone [J]. Vadose Zone Journal , 2015 , 14 ( 11 ): 1 - 16 .
Donaldson A M , Zimmer M , Huang M H , et al . Symmetry in hillslope steepness and saprolite thickness between hillslopes with opposing aspects [J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface , 2023 , 128 ( 7 ): e2023JF007076 .
张君 , 付智勇 , 陈洪松 , 等 . 西南喀斯特白云岩坡地土壤-表层岩溶带结构及水文特征 [J]. 应用生态学报 , 2021 , 32 ( 6 ): 2107 - 2118 .
Zhang Jun , Fu Zhiyong , Chen Hongsong , et al . Soil-epikarst structures and their hydrological characteristics on dolomite slopes in karst region of southwest China [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology , 2021 , 32 ( 6 ): 2107 - 2118 .
Yan Youjin , Dai Quanhou , Jin Li , et al . Geometric morphology and soil properties of shallow karst fissures in an area of karst rocky desertification in SW China [J]. Catena , 2019 , 174 : 48 - 58 .
Peng Xudong , Wang Xiangdong , Dai Quanhou , et al . Soil structure and nutrient contents in underground fissures in a rock-mantled slope in the karst rocky desertification area [J]. Environmental Earth Sciences , 2019 , 79 ( 1 ): e3 .
魏兴琥 , 刘淑娟 , 徐喜珍 , 等 . 粤北岩溶山地土壤地下漏失程度评价指标构建探讨 [J]. 热带地理 , 2021 , 41 ( 5 ): 1000 - 1008 .
Wei Xinghu , Liu Shujuan , Xu Xizhen , et al . Grading standard for determining underground soil leakage in a mountain with karst topography in the north of Guangdong Province [J]. Tropical Geography , 2021 , 41 ( 5 ): 1000 - 1008 .
Liu Tingting , Peng Xudong , Dai Quanhou , et al . Role of the preferential flow at rock–soil interface in the water leaking process in near-surface fissures filled with soils in the karst rock desertification area [J]. Applied Water Science , 2022 , 12 ( 9 ): e208 .
Luo Jie , Luo Weixue , Liu Junting , et al . Karst fissures mitigate the negative effects of drought on plant growth and photosynthetic physiology [J]. Oecologia , 2024 , 205 ( 1 ): 69 - 80 .
Yan Youjin , Dai Quanhou , Wang Xiangdong , et al . Response of shallow karst fissure soil quality to secondary succession in a degraded karst area of southwestern China [J]. Geoderma , 2019 , 348 : 76 - 85 .
Shouse M , Phillips J . Soil deepening by trees and the effects of parent material [J]. Geomorphology , 2016 , 269 : 1 - 7 .
Zhang Zhiyong , Fan Baomin , Song Chao , et al . Advances in root system architecture: Functionality, plasticity, and research methods [J]. Journal of Resources and Ecology , 2023 , 14 ( 1 ): 15 - 24 .
Meng Qingmei , Wang Sheng , Fu Zhiyong , et al . Soil types determine vegetation communities along a toposequence in a dolomite peak-cluster depression catchment [J]. Plant and Soil , 2022 , 475 ( 1 ): 5 - 22 .
0
Views
25
下载量
0
CSCD
Publicity Resources
Related Articles
Related Author
Related Institution
京公网安备11010802024621