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山西师范大学地理科学学院,太原 030031
Received:11 January 2026,
Revised:2026-02-26,
Accepted:20 March 2026,
Online First:01 April 2026,
Published:28 August 2026
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张琨伟,周静,张仲伍,等.新型城镇化进程中山西省县域碳排放效率时空跃迁及驱动因素[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(4):237-251,261.
Zhang Kunwei, Zhou Jing, Zhang Zhongwu, et al. Spatiotemporal transition and driving factors of county-level carbon emission efficiency in Shanxi Province during new-type urbanization process[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2026, 40(4):237-251,261.
张琨伟,周静,张仲伍,等.新型城镇化进程中山西省县域碳排放效率时空跃迁及驱动因素[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(4):237-251,261. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.04.016. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.04.016.
Zhang Kunwei, Zhou Jing, Zhang Zhongwu, et al. Spatiotemporal transition and driving factors of county-level carbon emission efficiency in Shanxi Province during new-type urbanization process[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2026, 40(4):237-251,261. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.04.016. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.04.016.
目的
2
县域作为新型城镇化与“双碳”战略实施的关键空间单元,其碳排放效率的时空演化与驱动机制是破解资源型地区绿色转型难题的核心。
方法
2
基于2012—2023年山西省102个县域的多源异构数据,采用含非期望产出的超效率SBM模型测算碳排放效率,进而集成Dagum基尼系数、探索性时空数据分析、XGBoost-SHAP可解释机器学习与面板分位数回归模型,系统解析碳排放效率的时空格局、区域差异、动态跃迁及非线性驱动机制。
结果
2
1)时空格局上,碳排放效率呈“南北高、中部低”的稳定分布与阶段性抬升特征,高效率区逐渐向城市群核心区及沿黄地带集聚。2)区域差异主要源于组间差距与超变密度,且呈“分化-收敛-再分化”的波动过程,空间非均衡性持续存在。3)全局与局部空间分析表明碳排放效率具有显著的空间正相关与路径依赖特征,LISA时间路径与时空跃迁揭示晋南-晋西南为局部结构活跃区,存在明显的状态转换与重组信号。4)驱动机制呈显著的非线性与分位异质性。经济密度、土地利用效率对碳排放效率具有正向促进作用且存在阈值效应;人口密度与财政支出强度则普遍表现为负向约束;新型城镇化与产业结构高级化的正向作用更多体现在中高效率县域。
结论
2
揭示资源型地区县域低碳发展的复杂适应机制,其时空异质性及驱动因素的阈值效应表明,未来需制定差异化、精准化的减排政策,以推动县域高质量发展与“双碳”目标协同。
Objective
2
Counties are key spatial units for implementing the new-type urbanization and the "dual carbon" strategies, and their spatiotemporal evolution and driving mechanisms of carbon emission efficiency are crucial for addressing the green transformation challenges in resource-based regions.
Methods
2
Based on multi-source heterogeneous data from 102 counties in Shanxi Province from 2012 to 2023, this study employed a Super-SBM model with undesirable outputs to measure carbon emission efficiency. It then integrated the Dagum Gini coefficient, exploratory spatiotemporal data analysis (ESTDA), the XGBoost-SHAP interpretable machine learning model, and panel quantile regression to systematically analyze the spatiotemporal patterns, regional disparities, dynamic transitions, and nonlinear driving mechanisms of carbon emission efficiency.
Results
2
1) Spatiotem-porally, carbon emission efficiency exhibited a stable distribution pattern of "high in the north and south, low in the central" with phased increases, with high-efficiency areas gradually agglomerating in the core zones of urban agglomerations and areas along the Yellow River. 2) Regional disparities primarily originated from inter-group differences and super-variable density, exhibiting a fluctuating process of "divergence-convergence-re-divergence", with persistent spatial imbalance. 3) Global and local spatial analyses indicated that carbon emission efficiency had significant positive spatial autocorrelation and path dependence. LISA time paths and spatiotemporal transitions revealed that southern and southwestern Shanxi were active zones of local structural changes, showing evident signals of state transitions and restructuring. 4) The driving mechanisms exhibited significant nonlinearity and quantile heterogeneity. Economic density and land use efficiency had positive promoting effects on carbon emission efficiency with threshold effects, while population density and fiscal expenditure intensity generally acted as negative constraints. The positive effects of new-type urbanization and industrial structure upgrading were more pronounced in medium- and high-efficiency counties.
Conclusion
2
The study reveals the complex adaptive mechanisms of county-level low-carbon development in resource-based regions. The spatiotemporal heterogeneity and threshold effects of the driving factors indicate that future efforts require the formulation of differentiated and precise emission reduction policies to synergize high-quality county-level development with the "dual carbon" goals.
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