Study on the Spatial Variation of Soil Organic Carbon and Its Control Factors in a Typical Karst County

TU Chun; QIN Xingming; LI Fadong; LUO Weiqun

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2025.01.009

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Study on the Spatial Variation of Soil Organic Carbon and Its Control Factors in a Typical Karst County

更新时间：2025-03-14

- Study on the Spatial Variation of Soil Organic Carbon and Its Control Factors in a Typical Karst County
- Vol. 39, Issue 1, Pages: 178-188(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所,广西,桂林,541004
  2. 广西平果喀斯特生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 百色平果喀斯特生态系统广西野外科学观测研究站, 广西平果,531406
  3. 自然资源部、广西岩溶动力学重点实验室, 联合国教科文组织国际岩溶研究中心,广西,桂林,541004
  4. 南宁师范大学北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室,南宁,530001
  5. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京,100101
  6. 中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京,100190
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2025.01.009
  CLC： S154.3
- Published：2025
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
TU Chun, QIN Xingming, LI Fadong, et al. Study on the Spatial Variation of Soil Organic Carbon and Its Control Factors in a Typical Karst County[J]. 2025, 39(1): 178-188.
DOI：

TU Chun, QIN Xingming, LI Fadong, et al. Study on the Spatial Variation of Soil Organic Carbon and Its Control Factors in a Typical Karst County[J]. 2025, 39(1): 178-188. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2025.01.009.

摘要

目的探究岩溶与非岩溶区土壤有机碳(SOC)的空间分异及其主控因素差异。方法以滇东南典型岩溶县域云南省文山市为例，采用网格采样法，调查研究文山市表层(0~20 cm)和深层(0~200 cm)土壤SOC质量分数和空间差异，并运用半变异函数和地理探测器分析外部环境要素对文山市SOC空间分异的影响。结果文山市表层和深层土壤SOC质量分数平均值分别为17.80、5.18 g/kg，总储量为3 770.89×104 t，其中，表层土SOC呈西部高、中北部低的分布格局，深层土SOC呈中西部高、东北部低的分布格局。在非岩溶区，表层和深层土壤SOC质量分数分别为20.88、6.12 g/kg，比岩溶区高27.94%和32.75%(p＜0.01)。半变异函数模型显示，SOC块金效应值为14.62%~59.93%，表明结构性影响因素主导文山市SOC的空间分异。地理探测器分析表明，气温和海拔是影响岩溶区表层土SOC的主控因素；随着温度降低、海拔升高，文山市SOC质量分数呈增加趋势；而岩溶区海拔较低，石漠化严重和植被生长相对较差，SOC质量分数总体低于非岩溶区。在深层土，降水是影响岩溶区SOC的主控因素，其产生的淋溶作用可能使溶解性钙与有机质结合形成腐殖酸钙，促进深层土SOC累积；地层年代在非岩溶区起主导作用，二叠系玄武岩母质发育的土壤可能具有较高的土壤黏粒和大团聚体质量分数，有助于维持深层土壤SOC的物理保护和稳定。结论研究结果将为西南岩溶地区SOC的精准评估和土壤碳库调控提供参考。

Abstract

ObjectiveExploring the spatial variability of soil organic carbon (SOC) and the differences in its main controlling factors between karst and non-karst areas.MethodsTaking Wenshan County

a typical karst county in southeast Yunnan Province

as an example

a grid sampling method was employed to conduct the spatial differences in SOC content and storage in top soil (0—20 cm) and deep soil (0—200 cm). Furthermore

we used the semi-variogram function and geographical detector to analyze the impact of external environmental factors on the spatial differentiation of SOC.ResultsThe average SOC content in the top soil and deep soil was 17.80 and 5.18 g/kg

respectively

with a total storage of 3 770.89×104 t. The distribution pattern revealed higher SOC content in the topsoil of the western region and lower SOC content in the central and northern regions

while the deep soil exhibited higher SOC content in the central and western regions and lower SOC content in the northeastern region in Wenshan County. In non-karst areas

the SOC content in the topsoil and deep soil was 20.88 and 6.12 g/kg

respectively

which was 27.94% and 32.75% higher (p < 0.01) than that in karst areas. The semi-variogram model showed that the nugget effect value of SOC ranged from 14.62% to 59.93%

indicating that structural factors dominate the spatial differentiation of SOC in Wenshan County. According to the analysis of the geographical detector

temperature and altitude were the main controlling factors affecting SOC in the top soil layer in karst areas. As the temperature decreased and the altitude increased

the SOC content in Wenshan County showed an increasing trend. However

the SOC content in karst areas was generally lower than that in non-karst areas due to their lower altitudes

severe rocky desertification

and relatively poor vegetation growth. For the deep soil

precipitation was the main controlling factor affecting SOC in karst areas. The leaching effect caused by precipitation might combine dissolved calcium with organic matter to form humic acid calcium

promoting the accumulation of SOC in deep soil. In non-karst areas

stratigraphic chronology played a leading role. The soil developed from Permian basalt parent material may have higher soil clay and macro-aggregate contents

which helps to maintain the physical protection and stability of SOC in deep soil.ConclusionThis study will provide a reference for precise assessment of SOC and the regulation of soil carbon pools in southwestern karst region.

关键词

Keywords

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