Response of Soil Moisture to Typical Rainfall at Different Stands and Slope Sites in Qiaoshan Forest Region

GUO Yixuan; LI Jing; XU Guoce; ZHANG Yixin; CHEN Xi; GU Fengyou; WANG Bin

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2025.01.008

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Response of Soil Moisture to Typical Rainfall at Different Stands and Slope Sites in Qiaoshan Forest Region

更新时间：2025-03-14

- Response of Soil Moisture to Typical Rainfall at Different Stands and Slope Sites in Qiaoshan Forest Region
- Vol. 39, Issue 1, Pages: 84-93(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  西安理工大学省部共建西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室,西安,710048
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2025.01.008
  CLC： S152.7
- Published：2025
- 稿件说明：
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GUO Yixuan, LI Jing, XU Guoce, et al. Response of Soil Moisture to Typical Rainfall at Different Stands and Slope Sites in Qiaoshan Forest Region[J]. 2025, 39(1): 84-93.
DOI：

GUO Yixuan, LI Jing, XU Guoce, et al. Response of Soil Moisture to Typical Rainfall at Different Stands and Slope Sites in Qiaoshan Forest Region[J]. 2025, 39(1): 84-93. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2025.01.008.

摘要

目的降雨是土壤水分补给的主要来源，直接影响着土壤水分的分布特征，进而影响植被的生长状况，为探明桥山林区不同林分和坡位土壤水分对典型降雨的响应规律。方法以黄土高原南部桥山林区为研究对象，通过对典型林分(阔叶纯林和针阔混交林)不同土层深度土壤水分和降雨的监测，探究不同植被覆盖和坡位条件下的各层土壤水分体积分数对典型降雨的响应特征。结果1) 研究期，降雨量主要集中在8月、9月、10月，其中9月的降雨量最大为251.7 mm。各样点同一土层的土壤水分体积分数季节性差异显著(p≤0.05)，不同土层的平均土壤水分体积分数均在夏季最低。2)中雨事件仅浅层土壤水分体积分数对降雨发生响应，针阔混交林土壤水对降雨的响应强度>阔叶纯林。3)大雨事件土壤水对降雨的响应为针阔混交林大于阔叶纯林，不同坡位的响应关系为浅层坡下＞坡中＞坡上，深层坡上＞坡中＞坡下。4)暴雨事件土壤水对降雨的响应为阔叶纯林大于针阔混交林，不同坡位的响应关系为浅层坡下＞坡中＞坡上，深层坡上＞坡中＞坡下。5)在3场降雨中针阔混交林的补给量分别为纯阔叶林的1.55、1.65、1.00倍。结论探究桥山林区土壤水分对降雨的响应和浅层土壤水运动的过程，对桥山林区坡面降雨资源的优化配置和森林生态系统可持续恢复具有重要意义。

Abstract

ObjectiveRainfall is the main source of soil water supply

which directly affects the distribution characteristics of soil water

and then affects the growth of vegetation

to explore the response of soil moisture to typical rainfall at different stands and slope sites in Qiaoshan forest region.MethodsThe Qiaoshan forest area on the southern Loess Plateau was taken as the research object. Through monitoring the rainfall and soil moisture at different depths of typical stands (broad-leaved pure forest and mixed forest)

the response characteristics of soil moisture at different layers to rainfall patterns under different vegetation cover and slope location conditions were explored.Results1) Rainfall during the study period was mainly concentrated in August

September and October

with the highest rainfall being 251.7 mm in September. The seasonal differences in soil moisture in the same soil layer at different points were significant (p≤0.05)

and the average soil moisture in all soil layers was the lowest in summer.2) During moderate rainfall events

only shallow soil moisture content responded to rainfall

and the response intensity of soil moisture content to rainfall in mixed forest was greater than that in broad-leaved pure forest.3) In the event of heavy rain

the response of soil moisture to rainfall was greater in the mixed forest than in the pure broad-leaved forest

and the response relationship was as follows: lower slope > middle slope > upper slope for the shallow layer

and upper slope > middle slope > lower slope for the deep layer.4) In the event of heavy rainfall

the response of soil moisture to rainfall was greater in broad-leaved pure forest than in mixed broad-leaved forest

and the response relationship was as follows: lower slope > middle slope > upper slope for the shallow layer

and upper slope > middle slope > lower slope in the deep layer.5) In the three rainfall events

the supplement amount of the mixed forest was 1.55

1.65 and 1.00 times that of the pure broad-leaved forest

respectively.ConclusionIt is of great significance to study the response of soil moisture to rainfall and the process of shallow soil moisture movement in Qiaoshan forest area for optimal allocation of rainfall resources and sustainable restoration of forest ecosystems.

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