The Impact of Mixed Application of Modified Straw Biochar and Organic Fertilizer on Soil Water Retention and Fertility Maintenance in the Loess Hilly Dry Area

ZHANG Peizhen; LUO Juan; YAO Zonglu; CHANG Fangling; HUO Lili; ZHAO Lixin

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.06.038

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The Impact of Mixed Application of Modified Straw Biochar and Organic Fertilizer on Soil Water Retention and Fertility Maintenance in the Loess Hilly Dry Area

更新时间：2025-02-18

- The Impact of Mixed Application of Modified Straw Biochar and Organic Fertilizer on Soil Water Retention and Fertility Maintenance in the Loess Hilly Dry Area
- Vol. 38, Issue 6, Pages: 322-332(2024)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京,100081
  2. 山西农业大学资源环境学院, 山西太谷,030800
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.06.038
  CLC： S158.5
- Published：2024
- 稿件说明：
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ZHANG Peizhen, LUO Juan, YAO Zonglu, et al. The Impact of Mixed Application of Modified Straw Biochar and Organic Fertilizer on Soil Water Retention and Fertility Maintenance in the Loess Hilly Dry Area[J]. 2024, 38(6): 322-332.
DOI：

ZHANG Peizhen, LUO Juan, YAO Zonglu, et al. The Impact of Mixed Application of Modified Straw Biochar and Organic Fertilizer on Soil Water Retention and Fertility Maintenance in the Loess Hilly Dry Area[J]. 2024, 38(6): 322-332. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.06.038.

摘要

[目的] 探究不同改性玉米秸秆生物炭混施有机肥对干旱黄土持水保肥能力特性及其作物生长的影响。[方法] 将氮气环境下经500 ℃热解2 h制得的玉米秸秆生物炭

分别在1 mol/L H3PO4、NaOH和NH4Cl试剂中浸渍改性获得不同改性玉米秸秆生物炭。系统表征生物炭的元素组成和孔隙结构等理化特性

开展不同比例炭肥混施下的土壤盆栽试验

分析土壤持水、保肥和植株生长状况等

探明不同生物炭混施有机肥对干旱黄土持水保肥性能的影响。[结果] 生物炭理化特性方面

改性生物炭中氧含量增加4.73%~9.18%

灰分含量降低12.69%~20.70%

pH显著降低

O/C增加

表明生物炭亲水性增强

比表面积增加3.26~5.19倍

总孔体积增加3~6倍。土壤持水保肥性质方面

炭肥混施处理下

土壤质量密度随着炭肥比增大而减小

土壤孔隙度增加2.42%~4.07%

田间持水量随炭肥比增加而增大

其中

NaOH改性生物炭肥比2∶1下的土壤田间持水量最高为37.38%。NH4Cl改性生物炭肥比为2∶1时

土壤有机质含量和全钾含量最高分别为8.23

5.17 g/kg。H3PO4改性生物炭肥比1∶1和2∶1时

全氮和全磷含量最高分别为0.37

0.95 g/kg。改性生物炭混施有机肥能提高可被植物直接吸收利用的有效磷和速效钾。NH4Cl改性生物炭肥比1∶2时

玉米植株生长促进效果最明显

且炭肥比不宜过高。[结论] 在黄土丘陵干旱区

综合各方面考虑

可选择NH4Cl改性生物炭肥比1∶1的改性混配方式来提升土壤的持水和保肥特性。

Abstract

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of different modified corn straw biochars on the water retention and fertilizer conservation capacity of arid loess soil and their effects on crop growth.[Methods] The corn straw biochar produced by pyrolysis at 500 ℃ for 2 h under a nitrogen atmosphere was modified by immersion in 1 mol/L H3PO4

NaOH

and NH4Cl reagents

respectively

to obtain different modified corn straw biochars. The elemental composition

and physical and chemical properties such as pore structure

of the biochar were systematically characterized. Pot experiments were used to examine soil water retention

nutrient conservation

and plant growth using soil treated with different ratios of fertilizer and biochar.[Results] In terms of the physicochemical properties of biochar

the oxygen content in the modified biochar increased by 4.73%~9.18%

while the ash content decreased by 12.69%~20.70%. The pH significantly decreased

and the increase in O/C ratio indicated enhanced hydrophilicity of the biochar. The specific surface area of the modified biochar increased by 3.26~5.19 times

and the total pore volume increased by 3~6 times. In terms of soil water retention and nutrient conservation properties

under the treatments of mixed application of biochar and fertilizer

soil bulk density decreased with the increase of the biochar-to-fertilizer ratio

and soil porosity increased by 2.42%~4.07%. The field water-holding capacity increased with the biochar-to-fertilizer ratio

with the highest value of 37.38% observed under the NaOH-modified biochar-to-fertilizer ratio of 2∶1. When the NH4Cl-modified biochar-to-fertilizer ratio was 2∶1

soil organic matter and total potassium contents reached the highest values

being 8.23 and 15.17 g/kg

respectively. The highest total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents were 0.37 and 0.95 g/kg

respectively

when the H3PO4-modified biochar-to-fertilizer ratios were 1∶1 and 2∶1. Mixed application of modified biochar and organic fertilizer could increase available phosphorus and rapidly available potassium that can be directly absorbed and utilized by plants. The growth promotion effect on corn plants was most significant when the NH4Cl-modified biochar-to-fertilizer ratio was 1∶2

and it was noted that an excessively high biochar-to-fertilizer ratio was not suitable. [Conclusion] In the arid regions of the loess hilly area

considering various factors

the application of NH4Cl-modified biochar with a fertilizer ratio of 1∶1 and mixed with organic fertilizer can enhance the soil’s water retention and nutrient conservation properties.

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