Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Soil Improvement Measures in Apple Orchards on the Loess Plateau: A Meta-Analysis

DUAN Shunxia; LIU Jiayuan; ZHAO Hongxiang; LI Yangyang

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.06.011

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Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Soil Improvement Measures in Apple Orchards on the Loess Plateau: A Meta-Analysis

更新时间：2025-02-18

- Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Soil Improvement Measures in Apple Orchards on the Loess Plateau: A Meta-Analysis
- Vol. 38, Issue 6, Pages: 302-309(2024)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国科学院教育部水土保持与生态环境研究中心, 陕西杨凌,712100
  2. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌,712100
  3. 中国科学院大学,北京,100049
  4. 河海大学浅湖综合调控与资源开发教育部重点实验室,南京,210098
  5. 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 西北农林科技大学, 陕西杨凌,712100
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.06.011
  CLC： S156.99
- Published：2024
- 稿件说明：
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DUAN Shunxia, LIU Jiayuan, ZHAO Hongxiang, et al. Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Soil Improvement Measures in Apple Orchards on the Loess Plateau: A Meta-Analysis[J]. 2024, 38(6): 302-309.
DOI：

DUAN Shunxia, LIU Jiayuan, ZHAO Hongxiang, et al. Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Soil Improvement Measures in Apple Orchards on the Loess Plateau: A Meta-Analysis[J]. 2024, 38(6): 302-309. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.06.011.

摘要

[目的] 黄土高原苹果园直接面临土壤酸化、结构恶化、肥力退化及保水能力差等问题

有效的土壤改良技术对改善黄土高原苹果园土壤质量、促进果园的健康和可持续发展至关重要。[方法] 基于黄土高原苹果园土壤改良的75篇文献1 302对田间试验数据

采用Meta分析和主成分分析(PCA)定量评估不同改良方式(覆盖、施肥和土壤改良剂)对土壤质量的改善效果。[结果] 生草覆盖、地膜覆盖、秸秆覆盖和砂砾覆盖降低土壤质量密度效果良好

降低幅度分别为6.63%

5.96%

6.04%

6.40%

其中

生草覆盖和秸秆覆盖还能够有效改善土壤养分含量。化肥可以有效提高土壤速效氮(111.17%)、速效磷(112.29%)和速效钾(43.95%)含量;有机肥不仅可以改善土壤速效养分

而且能够显著增加土壤有机质(57.19%)、全氮(57.64%)和硝态氮(94.51%)含量;有机肥化肥配施对质量密度(5.58%)和土壤养分含量均显著改善。保水剂在降低质量密度(4.88%)和增加全氮(40.90%)、硝态氮(143.51%)含量方面效果良好;而生物炭对有机质(39.35%)、硝态氮(91.23%)和速效磷(89.70%)含量有显著提高作用。土壤质量评价结果表明

各种改良措施下的土壤质量指数(SQI)依次为7.72(有机肥)>7.68(秸秆覆盖)>7.20(有机肥化肥配施)>6.05(保水剂)>5.99(生草覆盖)>5.94(生物炭)>5.79(化肥)>3.53(地膜覆盖)>2.63(砂砾覆盖)。[结论] 综合考虑苹果园土壤质量和苹果产量现实条件

建议秸秆覆盖和有机肥化肥配施作为改良果园土壤的优先措施

其次为有机肥和生草覆盖。

Abstract

[Objective] Soil acidification

structure and fertility degradation and poor water-holding capacities are common problems in the apple orchard on the Loess Plateau

effective soil improvement techniques are crucial for enhancing soil quality

and promoting the healthy and sustainable development of the orchards. [Methods] Based on 75 publications and 1 302 field trial datasets on soil improvement in the apple orchards of the Loess Plateau

meta-analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to quantitatively evaluate the effects of different improvement measures

including mulching

fertilization

and soil conditioners

on soil quality. [Results] The results indicated that grass mulching

plastic film mulching

straw mulching

and gravel mulching effectively reduced soil bulk density by 6.63%

5.96%

6.04%

and 6.40%

respectively. Additionally

grass mulching and straw mulching also significantly increased soil nutrient contents. Chemical fertilizer effectively increased available nitrogen (by 111.17%)

available phosphorus (by 112.29%)

and available potassium (by 43.95%)

respectively. Organic fertilizer not only increased soil available nutrients

but also significantly increased soil organic matter (by 57.19%)

total nitrogen (by 57.64%)

and nitrate-nitrogen (by 94.51%). Combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer significantly reduced soil bulk density (5.58%) and increased nutrient contents. Water-retaining agents effectively reduced soil bulk density (by 4.88%)

increased total nitrogen (by 40.90%) and nitrate-nitrogen (by 143.51%). Biochar significantly increased soil organic matter (by 39.35%)

nitrate-nitrogen (by 91.23%)

and available phosphorus (by 89.70%). Soil quality assessment results indicated that soil quality index (SQI) ranked as 7.72 (organic fertilizer)> 7.68 (straw mulching)> 7.20 (organic-inorganic fertilizer)> 6.05 (water-retaining agent)> 5.99 (grass mulching)> 5.94 (biochar)> 5.79 (chemical fertilizer)> 3.53 (plastic film mulching)> 2.63 (gravel mulching). [Conclusion] Considering the practical conditions of soil quality and apple orchards yields

it is suggested that straw mulching and combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer should be prioritized as measures to improve orchard soil quality

followed by organic fertilizers and grass mulching.

关键词

Keywords

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