Preliminary Research on Optimal Sampling Frequency of Hydrochemistry Under Different Rainfall Levels in Typical Karst Small Watershed

FANG Changmin; PENG Tao; ZHANG Zhicai; XU Shaoqiang; MO Xiaomei; ZHAI Jiang; JIANG Weiwei

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.04.026

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Preliminary Research on Optimal Sampling Frequency of Hydrochemistry Under Different Rainfall Levels in Typical Karst Small Watershed

更新时间：2025-03-12

- Preliminary Research on Optimal Sampling Frequency of Hydrochemistry Under Different Rainfall Levels in Typical Karst Small Watershed
- Vol. 38, Issue 4, Pages: 371-381(2024)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳,550081
  2. 中国科学院大学,北京,100049
  3. 中国科学院普定喀斯特生态系统观测研究站, 贵州普定,562100
  4. 河海大学水文水资源学院,南京,210098
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.04.026
  CLC： X832
- Published：2024
- 稿件说明：
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FANG Changmin, PENG Tao, ZHANG Zhicai, et al. Preliminary Research on Optimal Sampling Frequency of Hydrochemistry Under Different Rainfall Levels in Typical Karst Small Watershed[J]. 2024, 38(4): 371-381.
DOI：

FANG Changmin, PENG Tao, ZHANG Zhicai, et al. Preliminary Research on Optimal Sampling Frequency of Hydrochemistry Under Different Rainfall Levels in Typical Karst Small Watershed[J]. 2024, 38(4): 371-381. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.04.026.

摘要

[目的] 当前研究主要关注非喀斯特地区长时间尺度频率研究

对喀斯特不同降雨等级下的水化学采样频率研究不足

喀斯特小流域不同降雨等级水化学的最优采样频率尚不明确。[方法] 利用黔中高原典型喀斯特小流域在2022年6月至2023年7月不同降雨等级(大暴雨、大雨、中雨)间隔1 h的高频电导率(EC)数据

重采样为2~15 h的低频数据后

结合多种评价指标和突变点理论

确定喀斯特小流域不同降雨等级下水化学的最优采样频率。[结果] (1)喀斯特小流域受地质背景影响

水化学响应降雨呈现暴涨暴落特征

低频采样误差损失量大;(2)I60(最大60 min降雨强度)、前期无雨天数和降雨量通过影响水文过程

进而改变水化学变化特征

最终影响采样频率;(3)大暴雨等级下建议选择4 h频率为宜

大雨等级下建议5 h频率

中雨等级下当I60>10 mm/h时建议5 h采样频率

I60较小时(I60<10 mm/h)最优采样频率为6 h。[结论] 研究结果为喀斯特小流域水化学监测提供参考。

Abstract

[Objective] Current research mainly focuses on long-term frequency studies in non-karst areas

but there is insufficient research on hydrochemical sampling frequency under different rainfall levels in karst areas Inorder on determining the optimal sampling frequency of hydrochemistry at different rainfall levels in Karst small watersheds. [Methods] Based on high-frequency electrical conductivity (EC) data of different rainfall levels (heavy rainstorm

heavy rain and moderate rain) with a 1 hour interval from June 2022 to July 2023 in the typical Karst small watershed of the central Guizhou Plateau

low-frequency data of 2~15 hours were resampled. Combined with various evaluation indicators and catastrophe point theory

the optimal sampling frequency of hydrochemistry under different rainfall levels in the Karst small watershed was determined. [Results] (1) Due to the influence of geological background

the hydrochemistry response to rainfall in the small watershed of the Karst area is characterized by rapid rise and fall

and the loss of sampling error is large. (2) Factors such as I60 (maximum 60 min rainfall intensity)

the number of rain-free days

and the amount of rainfall all impacted the hydrological process

which in turn altered the characteristics of hydrochemical changes and ultimately affected the sampling frequency; (3) It was recommended to use a sampling frequency of 4 hours during heavy rain events

a frequency of 5 hours during moderate rain events when I60>10 mm/h

and 6 hours frequency when I60 was small (I60<10 mm/h). [Conclusion] The research results provide reference for hydrochemical monitoring in karst small watershed.

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references

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