Spatial-Temporal Variation of Runoff Erosivity in Karst Basin and Its Response to Karst Characteristic Factors

ZHAO Lina; LI Rui; YUAN Jiang; JING Jun

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.01.032

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Spatial-Temporal Variation of Runoff Erosivity in Karst Basin and Its Response to Karst Characteristic Factors

更新时间：2025-03-12

- Spatial-Temporal Variation of Runoff Erosivity in Karst Basin and Its Response to Karst Characteristic Factors
- Vol. 38, Issue 1, Pages: 60-69(2024)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 贵州师范大学喀斯特研究院,贵阳,550001
  2. 国家喀斯特石漠化防治工程技术研究中心,贵阳,550001
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.01.032
  CLC： S157.1
- Published：2024
- 稿件说明：
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ZHAO Lina, LI Rui, YUAN Jiang, et al. Spatial-Temporal Variation of Runoff Erosivity in Karst Basin and Its Response to Karst Characteristic Factors[J]. 2024, 38(1): 60-69.
DOI：

ZHAO Lina, LI Rui, YUAN Jiang, et al. Spatial-Temporal Variation of Runoff Erosivity in Karst Basin and Its Response to Karst Characteristic Factors[J]. 2024, 38(1): 60-69. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.01.032.

摘要

[目的] 西南喀斯特区土壤侵蚀问题十分突出

严重影响着区域社会经济的可持续发展。而喀斯特流域特征环境因子如何影响土壤侵蚀的直接驱动力—径流侵蚀力

目前尚不十分明晰。[方法] 以西南喀斯特地区的野纪河流域为例

基于流域出口水文站长系列高频实测数据

采用水土评估工具(SWAT)和偏最小二乘模型(PLSR)评估了2005—2020年流域径流侵蚀力的时空演变特征

解析了主要喀斯特环境因子对径流侵蚀力的影响。[结果] 流域多年平均径流侵蚀力为2 326.47 m4/(km2·s)

并具有较强的空间异质性

2005年径流侵蚀力高值主要分布北部和中部

而2010—2020年

径流侵蚀力高值区逐步向中南部转移。时间上

受益于岩溶区"十一五"以来坡耕地水土流失综合治理、石漠化综合治理等生态修复工程的实施

野纪河流域径流侵蚀力总体上呈降低趋势。岩性、基岩裸露、坡度是影响野纪河流域径流侵蚀力变化的主导控制因子

对径流侵蚀力时空分异的共同解释度达57.7%。[结论] 研究结果可为喀斯特流域水侵蚀导致的水土流失综合防治提供理论参考

有助于制定更加精准和有效的政策和措施

改善喀斯特区生态环境

促进该地区的可持续发展。

Abstract

[Objective] The soil erosion issue is very prominent in the karst region of southwest China and significantly affects the sustainable development of the regional economy. However

it is currently not very clear how the characteristic environmental factors of karst basins affect the direct driving force of soil erosion and runoff erosivity. [Methods] Taking the Yeji River Basin in the karst region of southwest China as an example and basing on the long-term and high-frequency field measurement data at the outlet hydrological station of the basin

the spatiotemporal change characteristics of runoff erosivity from 2005 to 2020 were evaluated and the influence of main karst environmental factors on runoff erosivity was analyzed by the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and the Partial Least Squares Model (PLSR). [Results] The average annual runoff erosivity was 2 326.47 m4/(km2·s)

with strong spatial heterogeneity. In 2005

the high runoff erosivity was mainly distributed in the northern and central parts of the basin. During 2010—2020

the high runoff erosivity area gradually shifted to the central and southern parts of the basin. In terms of time

benefiting from the implementation of ecological restoration projects such as comprehensive control of soil and water loss in sloping farmland and comprehensive control of rocky desertification since the 11th Five-Year Plan

the runoff erosivity of the Yeji River Basin had been generally decreasing year by year. Lithology

exposed bedrock

and slope were the dominant control factors

which jointly explained 57.7% of the spatiotemporal variation of runoff erosivity in the Yeji River Basin. [Conclusion] These results can provide a theoretical reference for the comprehensive control of soil erosion in karst basins and help to formulate more precise and effective policies and measures to improve the ecological environment of the karst area and promote the sustainable development of the region.

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references

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