Land Use Change Characteristics and Ecological Sensitivity Evaluation in the Black Soil Belt in Northeast China

JIN Yiran; TAN Tenghui; TANG Qi; HUA Li; GUO Zhonglu

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.06.043

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Land Use Change Characteristics and Ecological Sensitivity Evaluation in the Black Soil Belt in Northeast China

更新时间：2025-03-12

- Land Use Change Characteristics and Ecological Sensitivity Evaluation in the Black Soil Belt in Northeast China
- Vol. 37, Issue 6, Pages: 341-349(2023)
- 作者机构：
  
  华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉,430070
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.06.043
  CLC：
- Published：2023
- 稿件说明：
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JIN Yiran, TAN Tenghui, TANG Qi, et al. Land Use Change Characteristics and Ecological Sensitivity Evaluation in the Black Soil Belt in Northeast China[J]. 2023, 37(6): 341-349.
DOI：

JIN Yiran, TAN Tenghui, TANG Qi, et al. Land Use Change Characteristics and Ecological Sensitivity Evaluation in the Black Soil Belt in Northeast China[J]. 2023, 37(6): 341-349. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.06.043.

摘要

东北黑土带是我国重要的商品粮生产基地

土壤质量退化、水土流失等问题直接影响生态与粮食供给安全

为明晰东北黑土带土地利用变化特征及评价生态敏感性

以2000年、2005年、2010年、2015年、2020年东北黑土带5期土地利用数据为基础

采用转移矩阵、地理探测器、综合生态风险评价等方法

研究景观格局及生态风险变化趋势。结果表明:(1)2000-2020年

研究区未利用地面积增加1 035.7km2

水域面积减少975.8 km2

土地利用变化最明显

耕地是阶段性变化较为剧烈的土地利用方式;(2)不同自然因子对研究区土地利用方式的解释力存在显著差异

气温是土地利用方式变化的主导因素

风速与高程、气温、蒸发量、地温、气压、相对湿度、日照时间的交互作用对土地利用方式变化具有显著的协同增强作用;(3)随时间推移

研究区生态敏感性整体改善

高度敏感区域减少

轻度敏感区域增加

并且出现生态敏感高值区向北移动、低值区向南移动趋势

研究区生态敏感性高值区的形成可能与以风蚀为主的侵蚀作用有关。宏观尺度景观格局变化分析与生态风险评价对区域生态环境保护政策制定及实施具有重要意义。

Abstract

The Northeast Black Soil Belt is a crucial commercial grain production base in China

in recent years

soil quality degradation

soil erosion and other issues have a direct impact on the security of ecology and security of food supply. In order to clarify the characteristics of land use change and evaluate the ecological sensitivity of the Northeast Black Soil Belt

we take the five periods of land use data of the Northeast Black Soil Belt in the years of 2000

2005

2010

2015 and 2020 as the basis

and use the methods such as transfer matrices

geodetector

and comprehensive ecological risk evaluation to study the landscape pattern and ecological risk change trends. The results were as follows: (1) During the period of 2000—2020

unused land and water land use in the study area changed most obviously

increasing and decreasing by 1 035.7 and 975.8 km2

respectively

and arable land was the land use with more drastic changes in phases; (2) Different natural factors exhibited significant differences in explaining land use types in the study area. Temperature was the dominant factor influencing land use changes

while wind speed showed significant synergistic enhancement when interacting with elevation

temperature

evaporation

geothermy

atmospheric pressure

humidity and daylight duration factors in land use changes. (3) Over time

the overall ecological sensitivity of the study area has improved. Highly sensitive regions had decreased

mildly sensitive regions had increased. Additionally

there was a trend of high-value ecological sensitivity areas moving northward and low-value areas moving southward

the high-value ecological sensitivity regions may be related to erosion which dominated by wind erosion. The analysis of macro-scale landscape pattern changes and ecological risk assessment are of great significance to the formulation and implementation of regional ecological environmental protection policies.

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