Effect of Slow-release Fertilizer with Equal Nitrogen Substitution for Urea on Runoff Nitrogen Loss and Silage Maize Growth on Sloping Land

CHEN Jiayu; LI Yongmei; LIAO Xueyuan; FAN Maopan; WANG Zilin; ZHAO Jixia

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.04.006

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Effect of Slow-release Fertilizer with Equal Nitrogen Substitution for Urea on Runoff Nitrogen Loss and Silage Maize Growth on Sloping Land

更新时间：2025-03-12

- Effect of Slow-release Fertilizer with Equal Nitrogen Substitution for Urea on Runoff Nitrogen Loss and Silage Maize Growth on Sloping Land
- Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 38-46(2023)
- 作者机构：
  
  云南农业大学资源与环境学院,昆明,650201
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.04.006
  CLC： S513;S143.1
- Published：2023
- 稿件说明：
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CHEN Jiayu, LI Yongmei, LIAO Xueyuan, et al. Effect of Slow-release Fertilizer with Equal Nitrogen Substitution for Urea on Runoff Nitrogen Loss and Silage Maize Growth on Sloping Land[J]. 2023, 37(4): 38-46.
DOI：

CHEN Jiayu, LI Yongmei, LIAO Xueyuan, et al. Effect of Slow-release Fertilizer with Equal Nitrogen Substitution for Urea on Runoff Nitrogen Loss and Silage Maize Growth on Sloping Land[J]. 2023, 37(4): 38-46. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.04.006.

摘要

为比较单施尿素与尿素和缓释肥配施对云南坡耕地径流氮流失、土壤养分及青贮饲用玉米生长的影响作用。通过自然降雨下的径流槽试验

在等氮条件下按云南常规施肥量设置单施尿素(CK)、添加硝化抑制剂速溶诺泰克®21等氮替代40%的尿素+60%普通尿素(处理I)和聚谷氨酸增效3代等氮替代40%的尿素+60%普通尿素(处理Ⅱ)3个处理。结果表明:生育期内尿素配施缓释肥的处理I和处理Ⅱ与单施尿素CK处理相比

总氮、铵态氮和硝态氮流失浓度削减量最高分别为2.59

1.60

1.42 mg/L和1.61

1.38

1.25 mg/L;累计流失量与CK相比

处理I、处理Ⅱ的总氮、铵态氮和硝态氮累计流失量分别削减18.56%

16.19%

24.31%和10.75%

8.73%

17.08%。在青贮玉米生育期内

配施缓释肥处理土壤较CK处理铵态氮含量分别显著提高13.94%~45.04%和9.63%~22.39%

硝态氮含量分别显著降低3.70%~29.91%

8.61%~12.55%

土壤微生物生物量氮含量分别显著提高22.13%~31.76%

11.80%~22.81%。尿素配施缓释肥也可以显著提高青贮玉米产量和植株氮吸收量

并通过显著提高植株粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量

降低粗灰分和洗涤纤维含量来提高其品质性状。相关性分析可知

径流氮流失与土壤氮含量、青贮玉米产量和植株吸氮量呈负相关关系

土壤氮素与产量和植株氮吸收均呈正相关关系

产量与植株氮吸收呈极显著正相关关系。综上所述

与单施尿素相比

尿素配施缓释氮肥能够减缓土壤氮素的硝化过程

显著增强土壤的固氮能力

维持土壤高氮素水平

进而提高青贮饲用玉米的产量和品质

为红壤坡耕地青贮玉米种植的施肥提供科学理论依据。

Abstract

To compare the effects of single urea and urea combined with slow-release fertilizer application on runoff nitrogen loss

soil nutrients and growth of silage forage maize in slope arable land of Yunnan Province. In the runoff trough experiment under natural rainfall

three treatments of single urea (CK)

urea supplemented with the nitrification inhibitor Instant Nortech ®21 with 40% N replacement + 60% common urea (Treatment I) and polyglutamate Plus 3 with 40% N replacement + 60% common urea (Treatment Ⅱ) were set up under iso-nitrogen conditions according to conventional fertilizer application rates in Yunnan. The results showed that the highest reductions of total N

ammonium N and nitrate N loss concentrations were 2.59

1.60

1.42 mg/L and 1.61

1.38

1.25 mg/L for treatments I and Ⅱ

respectively

when compared with CK treatment during the fertility period. Compared to CK

the cumulative losses of total nitrogen

ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen were reduced by 18.56%

16.19%

24.31% and 10.75%

8.73% and 17.08% for treatments I and Ⅱ

respectively. During the growth period of silage maize

the combined application of slow release fertilizer treatment significantly increased the ammonium N content by 13.94%~45.04% and 9.63%~22.39%

significantly reduced the nitrate N content by 3.70% ~29.91% and 8.61%~12.55%

and significantly increased the soil microbial biomass N content by 22.13%~31.76% and 11.80%~22.81%. Urea combined with slow-release fertilizer could also significantly increase the silage yield and plant N uptake

and improve the quality traits of silage maize by significantly increasing the crude protein and crude fat contents and reducing the crude ash and detergent fibre contents of the plant. Correlation analysis showed that runoff N loss was negatively correlated with soil N content

silage maize yield and plant N uptake

soil N was positively correlated with both yield and plant N uptake

and yield was significantly positively correlated with plant N uptake. In conclusion

compared with single urea

urea combined with slow-release nitrogen fertilizer could slow down the nitrification process of soil nitrogen

significantly enhance the nitrogen fixing ability of soil

maintainthe high nitrogen level of soil

and thus improve the yield and quality of silage maize

providing a scientific and theoretical basis for the fertilization of silage maize in red soil slope arable land.

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