Quantity and Morphological Parameters of Gullies in Small Watersheds in the Hilly-gully Loess Plateau

ZHANG Nan; ZHANG Yan; WANG Jiaxi; ZHANG Ziqing; WANG Wen

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.015

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

Quantity and Morphological Parameters of Gullies in Small Watersheds in the Hilly-gully Loess Plateau

更新时间：2025-03-12

- Quantity and Morphological Parameters of Gullies in Small Watersheds in the Hilly-gully Loess Plateau
- Vol. 37, Issue 3, Pages: 109-115(2023)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京,100083
  2. 山西吉县森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 山西吉县,042200
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.015
  CLC： S157.1
- Published：2023
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
ZHANG Nan, ZHANG Yan, WANG Jiaxi, et al. Quantity and Morphological Parameters of Gullies in Small Watersheds in the Hilly-gully Loess Plateau[J]. 2023, 37(3): 109-115.
DOI：

ZHANG Nan, ZHANG Yan, WANG Jiaxi, et al. Quantity and Morphological Parameters of Gullies in Small Watersheds in the Hilly-gully Loess Plateau[J]. 2023, 37(3): 109-115. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.015.

摘要

为分析黄土高原不同类型侵蚀沟形态特征及其区域差异

以黄土高原第一副区和第五副区小流域为例

基于无人机影像(0.15 m)及DEM(1 m)

分析沟谷网络特征和各类型侵蚀沟的数量特征

并对比冲沟和切沟的二维、三维形态参数。结果表明:丘一区小流域主沟支沟比为1∶35.6

远小于丘五区小流域主沟支沟比(1∶22.0)

且各级沟谷密度多高于丘五区

表明丘一区支沟数量多

发育程度较高

地表更破碎

沟谷系统形态更复杂。丘一区和丘五区侵蚀沟类型都以切沟为主

密度分别为9.72

14.22 km/km2

冲沟密度分别为4.27

4.23 km/km2

冲沟数量虽少

但沟谷面积较大。切沟在沟谷网络分级中主要集中在1级

冲沟主要分布于1~3级

干沟多为3~5级。丘一区切沟除纵比降较大外

其他形态参数均明显小于丘五区

说明丘五区切沟规模更大

但两区冲沟形态差异较小。切沟、冲沟的体积和面积之间都具有显著的幂函数关系

但丘一区冲沟和切沟的判定系数更高

表明其同类侵蚀沟在形态上更具有相似性。研究结果为黄土高原侵蚀沟准确统计和小流域水土保持综合治理提供参考。

Abstract

Taking two small watersheds in the first sub-zone (Zone-1) and the fifth sub-zone (Zone-5) of the Loess Plateau as examples and based on UAV image (0.15 m) and DEM (1 m)

this paper aimed to analyze the characteristics of gully network

extract and analyze the quantitative characteristics of gullies as well as to compare morphological parameters of normal gullies and big gullies were based on random sampling. The results showed that: the gully channel system in Zone-1 is more complicate than that in Zone-5. The ratio of main gully channel to branches in the watershed in the first sub-zone was 1∶35.6

which was far larger than that in the fifth sub-zone (1∶22.0)

and densities of channels in Zone-1 was higher than that in Zone-5. Normal gullies were dominant in both zones with density of normal gully was 9.72 km/km2 in Zone-1 and 14.22 km/km2 in Zone-5. The number of big gullies were less than normal gullies

with density was 4.27 km/km2 in Zone-1 and 4.23 km/km2 in Zone-5. Most of normal gullies were grade 1 of channels in both zones

big gullies were belong to grade 1~3

and dry channel were mostly grade 3~5. Except for longitudinal gradient

other morphological parameters of normal gullies in Zone-1 were all smaller than the counterparts in Zone-5

while there was no obvious differences in big gullies in the two zones. Significant power function relationship between the gully volume and area were found for both normal gullies and big gullies in both zones. However

higher determinant coefficients implied that the morphology is more similar for same type of gullies in Zone-1 than that in Zone-5. The results can provide reference for accurate statistics of erosion gullies in the Loess Plateau and comprehensive management of soil and water conservation in small watersheds.

关键词

Keywords

references

景可.黄土高原沟谷侵蚀研究[J].地理科学,1986(4):340-347.

中华人民共和国水利部.第一次全国水利普查水土保持情况公报[J].中国水土保持,2013(10):2-3,11.

朱显谟.黄土区土壤侵蚀的分类[J].土壤学报,1956,4(2):99-115.

甘枝茂.从黄土地貌的发育中认识黄土高原的土壤侵蚀及其防治[J].水土保持通报,1982(1):6-10.

陈永宗.黄河中游黄土丘陵区的沟谷类型[J].地理科学,1984(4):321-327.

Yuan M T, Zhang Y, Zhao Y Y, et al. Effect of rainfall gradient and vegetation restoration on gully initiation under a large- scale extreme rainfall event on the hilly Loess Plateau:A case study from the Wuding River basin, China[J].Science of the Total Environment,2020,739:e140066.

Frankl A, Nyssen J, Vanmaercke N, et al. Gully prevention and control:Techniques, failures and effectiveness[J].Earth Surface Processes and Landforms,2021,46(1):220-238.

Eltner A, Baumgart P, Maas H G, et al. Multi-temporal UAV data for automatic measurement of rill and interrill erosion on loess soil[J].Earth Surface Processes and Landforms,2015,40(6):741-755.

Neugirg F, Kaiser A, Schmidt J, et al. Quantification, analysis and modelling of soil erosion on steep slopes using LiDAR and UAV photographs[J].Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences,2015,367:51-58.

Liu K, Ding H, Tang G A, et al. An object-based approach for two-level gully feature mapping using high-resolution DEM and imagery:A case study on hilly loess plateau region, China[J].Chinese Geographical Science,2017,27(3):415-430.

冯林,李斌兵.利用无人机倾斜影像与GCP构建高精度侵蚀沟地形模型[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(3):88-95.

刘宝元,杨扬,陆绍娟.几个常用土壤侵蚀术语辨析及其生产实践意义[J].中国水土保持科学,2018,16(1):9-16.

罗来兴.划分晋西、陕北、陇东黄土区域沟间地与沟谷的地貌类型[J].地理学报,1956(3):201-222.

郑粉莉,徐锡蒙,覃超.沟蚀过程研究进展[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(8):48-59,116.

张光辉,杨扬,符素华,等.切沟侵蚀预报研究进展与展望[J].地球科学进展,2022,37(6):551-562.

刘元保,朱显谟,周佩华,等.黄土高原坡面沟蚀的类型及其发生发展规律[J].中国科学院西北水土保持研究所集刊,1988(1):9-18.

Strahler A N. Hypsometric (area-altitude) analysis of erosional topology[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin,1952,63(11):1117-1142.

Valentin C, Poesen J, Li Y. Gully erosion:Impacts, factors and control[J].Catena,2005,63(2/3):132-153.

李镇,张岩,尚国琲,等.晋西黄土区切沟断面特征及体积估算模型[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(6):152-159.

Frankl A, Poesen J, Scholiers N, et al. Factors controlling the morphology and volume (V)-length (L) relations of permanent gullies in the Northern Ethiopian Highlands[J].Earth Surface Processes and Landforms,2013,38(14):1672-1684.

Li Z, Zhang Y, Zhu Q K, et al. Assessment of bank gully development and vegetation coverage on the Chinese Loess Plateau[J].Geomorphology,2015,228:462-469.

张岩,高驰宇,杨瑾,等.基于历史卫星影像估算黄土丘陵区冲沟发育速率[J].农业工程学报,2022,38(1):109-116.

赵影,董爽,贾玉华.陕北六道沟流域切沟形态复杂性及其类型划分[J].干旱区研究,2019,36(5):1292-1299.

苏旭,黄骁力,王春,等.基于深度学习与融合地形特征的黄土陷穴面向对象提取方法[J].农业工程学报,2022,38(1):102-110.

Views

819

下载量

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Tools

Publicity Resources

Effects of Vegetation Attributes on Soil Hydraulic Properties in Typical Plantations and Natural Forests in the Loess Region of Western Shanxi

Erosive Rainfall Criteria of Slope Plots under Different Soil and Water Conservation Measures in Loess Hilly Areas

Response of Rill Sediment Transport Capacity to Slope Gradient and Flow Rate for Soils on the Loess Plateau

Effects of Mixed Communities of Biological Crusts on Fluid Resistance Characteristics of Overland Flow on the Loess Plateau

Biomechanical Characteristics and Their Interrelationships of Root Systems of Typical Shrub and Herb Plants on the Loess Plateau

Related Author

WU Tianyu

FENG Tianjiao

LIU Yabo

WANG Ping

ZHANG Jiyong

XIAO Yuling

ZOU Weiting

XIN Zhongbao

Related Institution

College of Soil and Water Conservation， Beijing Forestry University

National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Forest Ecosystem in Jixian County， Jixian

Beijing Lin Fengyuan Ecological Environment Planning and Design Institute Company

School of Geography and Tourism， Shaanxi Normal University

Shaanxi Observation and Research Station for Ecology and Environment of Desert-Loess Zone at Yulin

⁰