Effects of Deep Straw Burial Combined with Nitrogen Reduction on Water Use of Spring Maize in Dryland

ZHANG Aiai; YANG Zhonghao; DANG Tinghui

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.01.043

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Effects of Deep Straw Burial Combined with Nitrogen Reduction on Water Use of Spring Maize in Dryland

更新时间：2025-03-12

- Effects of Deep Straw Burial Combined with Nitrogen Reduction on Water Use of Spring Maize in Dryland
- Vol. 37, Issue 1, Pages: 340-344(2023)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国科学院教育部水土保持与生态环境研究中心, 陕西杨凌,712100
  2. 中国科学院大学,北京,100049
  3. 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌,712100
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.01.043
  CLC： S513
- Published：2023
- 稿件说明：
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ZHANG Aiai, YANG Zhonghao, DANG Tinghui. Effects of Deep Straw Burial Combined with Nitrogen Reduction on Water Use of Spring Maize in Dryland[J]. 2023, 37(1): 340-344.
DOI：

ZHANG Aiai, YANG Zhonghao, DANG Tinghui. Effects of Deep Straw Burial Combined with Nitrogen Reduction on Water Use of Spring Maize in Dryland[J]. 2023, 37(1): 340-344. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.01.043.

摘要

提高土壤水分利用是黄土旱塬区农业可持续发展的重要目标。通过4年春玉米田间试验

研究秸秆深埋配合减氮对土壤剖面耗水和水分利用分布的影响

旨在为黄土高原旱作农业区水肥科学管理提供科学依据。试验于2017年4月至2020年9月在陕西长武中科院黄土高原农业生态试验站进行。试验设置4个处理:常量施氮(CON1

N250 kg/hm2)

秸秆深埋配合常量施氮(CON2

N250 kg/hm2+秸秆)

减量施氮(CR1

N200 kg/hm2)和秸秆深埋配合减量施氮(CR2

N200 kg/hm2+秸秆)。结果表明:(1)秸秆深埋处理提高春玉米产量9.80%~10.43%;减量施氮至200 kg/hm2并不降低春玉米产量

配合秸秆深埋处理显著提高春玉米产量。(2)土壤耗水量波动主要发生在100—200 cm土层

0—100 cm土层土壤耗水达到动态平衡;秸秆深埋显著降低土壤总耗水量(p<0.05)

2017年和2019年秸秆深埋处理土壤总耗水量降低10.86

20.31 mm。(3)试验4种处理水分利用效率为CR2>CON2>CR1>CON1

秸秆深埋配合减氮至200 kg/hm2水分利用效率最高

为33.16 kg/(mm·hm2)。在黄土旱塬区

秸秆深埋配合减量施氮至200 kg/hm2是提高水分利用效率的有效措施。

Abstract

Improving soil water use is an important goal to the sustainable development of agriculture in the dry loess plateau area. Through a four-year spring corn field experiment

the effects of deep burial of straw combined with nitrogen reduction on soil profile water consumption and water use distribution were studied

in order to provide a scientific basis for scientific management of water and fertilizer in dry farming areas on the Loess Plateau. The experiment was conducted at the Loess Plateau Agro-ecological Experiment Station of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Changwu

Shaanxi from April 2017 to September 2020. Four treatments were set up: Constant nitrogen application (CON1

N250 kg/hm2)

deep straw burial combined with constant nitrogen application (CON2

N250 kg/hm2+straw)

reduced nitrogen application (CR1

N200 kg/hm2) and deep straw burial combined with reduced amount of nitrogen (CR2

N200 kg/hm2+straw). The results showed that: (1) The treatment of deep burial of straw increased the yield of spring maize by 9.8%~10.43%. Reducing nitrogen application to 200 kg/hm2 did not reduce the crop yield

in the contrary

combined with the deep burial of straw

it would increase the yield of spring maize. (2) The fluctuation of soil water consumption mainly occurred in the 100—200 cm soil layer

and the soil water consumption in the 0—100 cm soil layer reached a dynamic balance. The deep burial of straw significantly reduced the total soil water consumption (p < 0.05). The total water consumption of the treated soil decreased by 10.86 and 20.31 mm under the deep burial of straw in 2017 and 2019 respectively. (3) The 4-year experimental data showed that the water use efficiency of the four treatments was CR2 > CON2 > CR1 > CON1

and the water use efficiency of deep burial of straw combined with reduced nitrogen application (N200 kg/hm2+straw) was the highest

which was 33.16 kg/(mm·hm2). In the loess dryland area

deep burial of straw combined with reduced nitrogen application to 200 kg/hm2 is an effective measure to improve water use efficiency.

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