Composting Process of Agricultural Wastes from Different Sources and Fertilizer Efficiency of Their Products

SUN Guiyang; ZHANG Guoyan; DONG Yuanjie

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.048

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Composting Process of Agricultural Wastes from Different Sources and Fertilizer Efficiency of Their Products

更新时间：2025-03-12

- Composting Process of Agricultural Wastes from Different Sources and Fertilizer Efficiency of Their Products
- Vol. 35, Issue 4, Pages: 349-360(2021)
- 作者机构：
  
  山东农业大学资源与环境学院,山东,泰安,271018
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.048
  CLC： S141.4
- Published：2021
- 稿件说明：
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SUN Guiyang, ZHANG Guoyan, DONG Yuanjie. Composting Process of Agricultural Wastes from Different Sources and Fertilizer Efficiency of Their Products[J]. 2021, 35(4): 349-360.
DOI：

SUN Guiyang, ZHANG Guoyan, DONG Yuanjie. Composting Process of Agricultural Wastes from Different Sources and Fertilizer Efficiency of Their Products[J]. 2021, 35(4): 349-360. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.048.

摘要

评价不同来源农业废弃物的堆肥效率与产品肥效，为高品质有机肥生产提供依据。采用室外堆肥的试验方法，选取6种动物源粪便与7种植物源农业废弃物为原料，设置13个堆肥处理，比较不同堆肥原料堆肥过程中温度、pH、C/N、腐殖酸、养分等指标差异及其堆肥产品对小白菜生长的影响。结果表明，动物源和植物源材料质量比7∶3，C/N为25∶1，含水率55%~60%的条件下进行好氧发酵堆肥，45天后各处理均可达到腐熟要求。其中TOP4（花生麸）和TOM1（牛粪）处理在腐熟过程中温度上升最快，TOP1（豆粕）、TOP3（菜籽饼）、TOM1（牛粪）、TOM3（兔粪）处理C/N最低，腐熟最彻底；TOP1、TOP4、TOM3、TOM5（鸡粪）处理全氮、碱解氮及硝铵态氮含量最高，氮磷钾总养分含量达8.9%以上。不同堆肥产品的盆栽试验发现，P4、P5和M2、M3、M4处理与CF（等氮量化肥）处理相比均显著提升小白菜品质，并降低硝酸盐含量，M5（鸡粪）在显著提升小白菜可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、维生素C的同时大大增加植株中硝酸盐含量。综上，花生麸和兔粪作为堆肥原料，其腐熟效率快且养分含量高，堆肥产品显著促进了小白菜的生长。

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the composting efficiency and product fertilizer efficiency of agricultural wastes from different sources and provide the basis for the production of high-quality organic fertilizer. Six kinds of animal manure and seven kinds of plant agricultural wastes were selected as raw materials

and 13 composting treatments were set up to compare the differences of temperature

C/N

humic acid

nutrients and the effects of composting products on the growth of Pakchoi. The results showed that the aerobic fermentation composting could meet the requirements of maturity after 45 days under the conditions of animal and plant material mass ratio of 7∶3

C/N ratio of 25∶1

moisture content of 55%~60%. Among them

TOP4 (peanut bran) and TOM1 (cow dung) treatments had the fastest temperature rise in the process of maturity

TOP1 (soybean meal)

TOP3 (rapeseed cake)

TOM1 (cow dung) and TOM3 (rabbit dung) treatments had the lowest C/N ratio and the most thorough maturity; TOP1

TOP4

TOM3 and TOM5 (chicken dung) treatments had the highest total nitrogen

alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen and ammonium nitrate nitrogen

and the total nutrient content of nitrogen

phosphorus and potassium was more than 8.9%. The pot experiment of different compost products showed that P4

5 and M2

4 treatments significantly improved the quality of pakchoi and reduced the nitrate content compared with CF (equal nitrogen fertilizer). M5 (chicken manure) significantly increased the soluble sugar

soluble protein and vitamin C of pakchoi

and significantly increased the nitrate content of Pakchoi. To sum up

the decomposition efficiency of peanut bran and rabbit manure

as composting materials

was fast

and their nutrients contents were high

composting products significantly promoted the growth of Pakchoi.

关键词

Keywords

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