Effects of Chemical Fertilizer Reduction Combined with Organic Fertilizer on the Yield, Quality, and Water Use Efficiency of Dryland Wheat

PEI Xuexia; DANG Jianyou; ZHANG Dingyi; ZHANG Jing; GAO Lu; CHENG Maifeng; WANG Jiaoai

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.035

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

Effects of Chemical Fertilizer Reduction Combined with Organic Fertilizer on the Yield, Quality, and Water Use Efficiency of Dryland Wheat

更新时间：2025-03-12

- Effects of Chemical Fertilizer Reduction Combined with Organic Fertilizer on the Yield, Quality, and Water Use Efficiency of Dryland Wheat
- Vol. 35, Issue 4, Pages: 250-258(2021)
- 作者机构：
  
  山西农业大学小麦研究所,山西,临汾,041000
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.035
  CLC： S143;S141.4;S512.1
- Published：2021
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
PEI Xuexia, DANG Jianyou, ZHANG Dingyi, et al. Effects of Chemical Fertilizer Reduction Combined with Organic Fertilizer on the Yield, Quality, and Water Use Efficiency of Dryland Wheat[J]. 2021, 35(4): 250-258.
DOI：

PEI Xuexia, DANG Jianyou, ZHANG Dingyi, et al. Effects of Chemical Fertilizer Reduction Combined with Organic Fertilizer on the Yield, Quality, and Water Use Efficiency of Dryland Wheat[J]. 2021, 35(4): 250-258. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.035.

摘要

探讨有机肥与化肥配施对旱地小麦产量、品质和水分利用率的影响，为黄土丘陵区旱地麦田有机肥替代化肥比例和减小年际间产量波动提供理论依据。于2017—2019年，定位研究了常量化肥（B）、猪粪替代常量化肥（A1B1，替代20%；A1B2，替代30%；A1B3，替代40%）和羊粪替代常量化肥（A2B1，替代20%；A2B2，替代30%；A2B3，替代40%）对旱地小麦产量及其构成、籽粒营养品质和面粉加工品质、水分利用率的影响。结果表明，与仅施常量化肥相比，化肥减量配施有机肥可提高旱地小麦产量、籽粒容重、硬度指数、蛋白质含量和面粉沉降值，有机肥替代适量化肥可提高水分利用率。猪粪和羊粪在不同年型下对产量和水分利用率效应有差异，其中猪粪在丰水年但生育期阶段性干旱且春季遭遇冻害年型下，可提高旱地小麦成穗数和穗粒数，较羊粪配施化肥增产，且提高了水分利用率；羊粪在干旱年份但关键生育期均有降水且休闲期贮水量较高的年型下，可提高成穗数，较猪粪配施化肥增产，水分利用率也提高。有机肥替代常量化肥比例因有机肥种类而有差异，其中猪粪替代20%常量化肥最好，2年度分别较仅施常量化肥增产39.76%和2.46%，2018年度水分利用率提高4.91 kg/（hm2·mm）；羊粪替代40%常量化肥最好，2年度分别较仅施常量化肥增产18.88%和2.28%，水分利用率分别提高2.57，12.68 kg/（hm2·mm）。本试验的2个年型下，化肥减量配施猪粪或羊粪可提高旱地小麦产量和水分利用率，改善小麦品质，同时耕层土壤有机质含量提高。山西南部丘陵区雨养旱地麦田，猪粪替代20%常量化肥或羊粪替代40%常量化肥，是实现小麦高产稳产及提质增效的化肥减施和有机替代模式。

Abstract

The effects of combined application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer on yield

quality

and water use efficiency of dryland wheat were studied

which provided theoretical basis for substituting chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer and reducing annual yield fluctuation in dryland wheat field in loess hilly region. In 2017—2019

the effects of constant chemical fertilizer (B)

constant chemical fertilizer substituted by pig manure (A1B1

substituted by 20%; A1B2

substituted by 30%; A1B3

substituted by 40%) and constant chemical fertilizer substituted by sheep manure (A2B1

substituted by 20%; A2B2

substituted by 30%; A2B3

substituted by 40%) on the yield and composition

grain nutritional quality

flour processing quality

and water use efficiency of dryland wheat were studied. The results showed that

compared with the application of chemical fertilizer only

the combined application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer can improve the yield

grain bulk density

hardness index

protein content

and flour sedimentation value of dryland wheat

and chemical fertilizer substituted by proper amount of organic fertilizer can increase water use efficiency. The effects of pig manure and sheep manure on yield and water use efficiency were different under different years. Compared with sheep manure combined with chemical fertilizer

the spike number and kernels per spike of dryland wheat were increased and the yield and water use efficiency were improved by pig manure combined with chemical fertilizer in wet year

which showed periodic drought in growth period and freezing injury in spring. Compared with pig manure combined with chemical fertilizer

the spike number

yield

and water use efficiency were increased by sheep manure combined with chemical fertilizer in dry years that had precipitation in key growth period and high water storage in fallow period. The proportion of organic fertilizer substituting for constant chemical fertilizer varies with the type of organic fertilizer. Pig manure substitute for 20% chemical fertilizer was the best

increased yield by 39.76% and 2.46% compared with the application of chemical fertilizer only respectively

and increased water use efficiency by 4.91 kg/(hm2·mm) in 2018; sheep manure substitute for 40% chemical fertilizer was the best

increased yield by 18.88% and 2.28% compared with the application of chemical fertilizer only

and increased water use efficiency by 2.57 kg/(hm2·mm) and 12.68 kg/(hm2·mm) respectively. In the two extreme years’ experiment

the reduction of chemical fertilizer combined with pig manure or sheep manure could improve wheat yield and water use efficiency

improve wheat quality

and increase soil organic matter content in topsoil. Considering from the dour qualities and the point of fertilizer saving

20% chemical fertilizer that substituted by pig manure or 40% substituted by sheep manure is recommended for the wheat production in Southern Shanxi Province.

关键词

Keywords

references

徐兆飞.山西小麦[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006.

苗果园,尹钧,高志强,等.旱地小麦降水年型与氮素供应对产量的互作效应与土壤水分动态的研究[J].作物学报,1997,23(3):263-270.

党建友,裴雪霞,张定一,等.休闲期深翻时间对旱地麦田土壤水分特性和小麦产量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(9):2975-2982.

刘凯,杨福田,谢英荷,等.减氮覆膜对黄土高原旱地小麦产量及氮素残留的影响[J].应用与环境生物学报,2020,26(3):619-625.

陈秀文,赵护兵,毛安然,等.夏闲期不同覆盖方式对旱地小麦水氮利用和产量的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2020(3):113-117.

张夫道.有机-无机肥料配合是现代施肥技术的发展方向[J].土壤肥料,1984(1):16-19.

杨帆,李荣,崔勇,等.我国有机肥料资源利用现状与发展建议[J].中国土壤与肥料,2010(4):77-82.

杜为研,唐杉,汪洪.我国有机肥资源及产业发展现状[J].中国土壤与肥料,2020(3):210-219.

张福锁,王激清,张卫峰,等.中国主要粮食作物肥料利用率现状与提高途径[J].土壤学报,2008,45(5):915-924.

白由路.高效施肥技术研究的现状与展望[J].中国农业科学,2018,51(11):2116-2125.

史常亮,李赟,朱俊峰.劳动力转移、化肥过度使用与面源污染[J].中国农业大学学报,2016,21(5):169-180.

麻坤,刁钢.化肥对中国粮食产量变化贡献率的研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2018,24(4):1113-1120.

付浩然,李婷玉,曹寒冰,等.我国化肥减量增效的驱动因素探究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2020,26(3):561-580.

张丽.稻麦轮作系统中有机无机肥料配施对作物生长及土壤肥力的影响[D].南京:南京农业大学,2015.

伍晓轩,杨洪坤,朱杰,等.不同有机肥种类配施化学氮肥对丘陵旱地小麦产量和籽粒蛋白质品质的影响[J].四川农业大学学报,2019,37(6):283-295.

Gong W, Yan X Y, Wang J Y, et al. Long-term manure and fertilizer effects on soil organic matter fractions and microbes under a wheat-maize cropping system in northern China[J].Geoderma,2009,149(3/4):318-324.

温延臣,李燕青,袁亮,等.长期不同施肥制度土壤肥力特征综合评价方法[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(7):91-99.

宋震震,李絮花,李娟,等.有机肥和化肥长期施用对土壤活性有机氮组分及酶活性的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(3):525-533.

李燕青,林治安,温延臣,等.不同类型有机肥与化肥配施对小麦品质的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(6):1513-1522.

陈磊,郝明德,张少民,等.黄土高原旱地长期施肥对小麦养分吸收和土壤肥力的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2007,13(2):230-235.

李顺,李廷亮,何冰,等.有机肥替代化肥对旱地小麦水氮利用及经济效益的影响[J].山西农业科学,2019,47(8):1359-1365.

李燕青,温延臣,林治安,等.不同有机肥与化肥配施对氮素利用率和土壤肥力的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2019,25(10):1669-1678.

刘占军,谢佳贵,张宽,等.不同氮肥管理对吉林春玉米生长发育和养分吸收的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报,2011,17(1):38-47.

陶林威,马洪,葛芬莉.陕西省降水特性分析[J].陕西农业科学,2000(5):6.

鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].3版.北京:中国农业出版社,2000.

孙敏,温斐斐,高志强,等.不同降水年型旱地小麦休闲期耕作的蓄水增产效应[J].作物学报,2014,40(8):1459-1469.

裴雪霞,党建友,张定一,等.不同降水年型下深翻时间和施氮方式对小麦产量和水肥利用率的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2018,38(3):330-339.

张晶,党建友,张定一,等.不同降水年型下小麦产量、品质及水分利用效率对有机无机肥配施的响应[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2020,26(9):1625-1635.

王淑英,樊庭录,丁宁平,等.长期定位施肥条件下黄土旱塬农田作物产量、水分利用效率的变化[J].核农学报,2010,24(5):1044-1050.

Iqbal M, Idowu O J, Hassan A, et al. Dairy manure and nitrogen fertilizer effects on residual nitrate and phosphate, and wheat yield in a sandy clay loam soil[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition,2014,37(4):562-574.

陈贵,张红梅,沈亚强,等.猪粪与牛粪有机肥对水稻产量、养分利用和土壤肥力的影响[J].土壤,2018,50(1):59-65.

关二旗,魏益民,张波.小麦籽粒品质与基因型及环境条件的关系[J].麦类作物学报,2010,30(5):963-969.

Souza E J, Martin J M, Guttieri M J, et al. Influence of genotype, environment, and nitrogen management on spring wheat quality[J].Crop Science,2004,44:425-432.

孙敏,葛晓敏,高志强,等.不同降水年型休闲期耕作蓄水与旱地小麦籽粒蛋白质形成的关系[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(9):1692-1704.

曲环,赵秉强,陈雨海,等.灰漠土长期定位施肥对小麦品质和产量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2004,10(1):12-17.

裴雪霞,党建友,张定一,等.不同降水年型下播期对晋南旱地小麦产量和水分利用率的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2017,25(4):553-562.

张建军,樊廷录,赵刚,等.长期定位施不同氮源有机肥替代部分含氮化肥对陇东旱塬冬小麦产量和水分利用效率的影响[J].作物学报,2017,43(7):1077-1086.

Views

927

下载量

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Tools

Publicity Resources

Effects of Coated Potassium Chloride on Soil Nutrient Supply Intensity, Maize Yield and Quality

Effect of Slow-Release Fertilizers on Yield and Quality of Trifolium pretense in Different Soils

Effect of Different Mulch Cultivation on Soil Moisture, Yield and Quality of Dryland Winter Wheat

Effect of Slow-Release Fertilizers on Yield and Quality of Trifolium pretense in Different Soils

Related Author

LIU Pingan

HU Xiaomin

CHEN Siyu

TIAN Ye

MA Yutong

LUO Xinyu

ZHUANG Yuezhuo

ZHANG Min

Related Institution

National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, School of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian

Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Collaborative Innovation Center for the Modernization Production of Double Cropping Rice, Jiangxi Agricultural University

Dry Land Agriculture Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian

⁰