Effects of Paddy Rice Cultivation History on Water and Nitrogen Dynamics During Wheat Growth Period and Wheat Yield

DUAN He; LIU Muxing; ZHANG Hailin; LIU Xiuyun; ZHANG Jun; YI Jun

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.06.036

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Effects of Paddy Rice Cultivation History on Water and Nitrogen Dynamics During Wheat Growth Period and Wheat Yield

更新时间：2025-03-12

- Effects of Paddy Rice Cultivation History on Water and Nitrogen Dynamics During Wheat Growth Period and Wheat Yield
- Vol. 34, Issue 6, Pages: 259-264(2020)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 地理过程分析与模拟湖北省重点实验室,武汉,430079
  2. 华中师范大学可持续研究中心,武汉,430079
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.06.036
  CLC： S152;S512.1
- Published：2020
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
DUAN He, LIU Muxing, ZHANG Hailin, et al. Effects of Paddy Rice Cultivation History on Water and Nitrogen Dynamics During Wheat Growth Period and Wheat Yield[J]. 2020, 34(6): 259-264.
DOI：

DUAN He, LIU Muxing, ZHANG Hailin, et al. Effects of Paddy Rice Cultivation History on Water and Nitrogen Dynamics During Wheat Growth Period and Wheat Yield[J]. 2020, 34(6): 259-264. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.06.036.

摘要

为揭示水耕年限对小麦生产的影响，在江汉平原选取了3种水耕年限（2年、18年、>100年）稻—麦轮作农田，采集了小麦各生育期的土壤样品与成熟期的小麦植株样品，测定了土壤水分、硝态氮含量、铵态氮含量和小麦产量等指标，分析了土壤剖面水—氮动态分布与积累特征，及其对小麦产量的影响程度与机制。结果表明：（1）随水耕年限延长，土壤水分和氮素含量显著增加。水耕2年、18年和100年农田的0—100 cm深度剖面平均体积含水量分别为0.36，0.39，0.42 cm3/cm3。硝态氮和铵态氮在0—20 cm土层富集，水耕2年、18年和100年农田0—20 cm土层硝态氮含量分别为12.26，12.74，14.88 mg/kg，铵态氮含量分别为6.01，8.33，11.69 mg/kg。（2）小麦产量随着水耕年限的增加而降低，水耕2年、18年和100年农田小麦产量分别为4 068，3 080，2 469 kg/hm2，主要表现为降低小麦的有效穗数和单株穗粒数。（3）长年耕作稻田形成的犁底层造成耕作层土壤水分滞留，进而导致小麦产量降低，而氮素含量差异未显著影响小麦产量，需要通过改善农田排水状况以降低长水耕年限农田的小麦渍害风险。

Abstract

In order to identify the effects of paddy rice cultivation history on wheat production

three rice-wheat rotation fields with different paddy rice cultivation years (2 years

18 years

and >100 years) were selected for study in the Jianghan Plain. Soil samples and wheat plants were collected in different wheat growth periods to measure the moisture

nitrate nitrogen (NO3-—N) and ammonium nitrogen (NH4+—N) contents in soils

and even the wheat yield. The results showed as follow: (1) With the increase of paddy rice cultivation years

soil moisture

NO3-—N and NH4+—N contents increased significantly. The highest average soil water content was observed in the >100 years field (0.42 cm3/cm3)

followed by the 18 years field (0.39 cm3/cm3) and the 2 years field (0.36 cm3/cm3). NO3-—N and NH4+—N were enriched in the 0—20 cm soil layer

and the average NO3-—N content and NH4+—N content in this soil layer was 12.26 and 6.01 mg/kg

12.74 and 8.33 mg/kg

and 14.88 and 11.69 mg/kg for the 2 years

18 years

and >100 years paddy fields

respectively. (2) The wheat yields decreased with the extending paddy rice cultivation years

which was 4 068

3 080 and 2 469 kg/hm2 for the 2 years

18 years

and >100 years paddy rice fields

respectively

and were characterized by the decreasing of number of available tillers and ears per plant. (3) Water logging in the plough layer was the main reason for the reduced wheat yield

rather than the differences in nitrogen content. It is necessary to enhance soil water drainage rate to reduce the risk of water logging on wheat growth in the fields with long paddy rice cultivation years.

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