Soil is the necessary material basis for human survival and development

and changes in land use patterns directly affect soil properties. Taking Jiangxi red soil as an example

soils from five kinds of land use patterns:wasteland (HD)

tea garden (CSY)

citrus orchard (GJY)

peanut land (HSD)

and corn field (YMD) in upland red soil were used through field sampling and laboratory analysis to assess enzymatic activity and soil microbial diversity in surface soil (0-15 cm). The results showed that compared with the wasteland

the soil basal respiration of tea garden

citrus orchard

peanut land

and corn field increased by 93.33%

79.71%

9.12%

and 6.45%. The soil microbial biomass carbon of tea garden increased by 113.67% compared with the wasteland

while that of citrus orchard

peanut land

and corn field decreased by 12.35%

6.84% and 87.57%. Compared with the wasteland

the activities of FDA hydrolysis in tea plantation

citrus orchard and peanut field increased by 51.99%

44.04% and 25.55%

while the FDA hydrolysis activity in corn field decreased by 13.62%. The dehydrogenase activity in the tea garden and peanut field increased by 2.47% and 123.63% compared with the wasteland

the activity of urease in the citrus orchard increased by 35.70% compared with the wasteland

the catalase activity and sucrase activity were less affected by the five land use patterns. Compared with the wasteland

the total biomass of soil microorganisms in tea garden

citrus orchard

and peanut field increased by 11.11%

5.56% and 2.78%

while the total biomass of soil microorganisms in corn field decreased by 13.89%. The soil bacterial species in tea plantation

citrus orchard and peanut field decreased by 9.09%

4.55% and 22.73% compared with the wasteland

there was no difference in the number of soil fungi in different land use patterns. Compared with the wasteland

the species of soil actinomycetes in tea plantation and peanut field both increased by 16.67%

while the species of soil actinomycetes in citrus orchard decreased by 16.67%. The above results showed that compared with wasteland

citrus orchard

peanut land and corn field

the soil microbial diversity of tea garden is more abundant

and the community structure is relatively stable. Planting tea trees is more conducive to improving soil quality and maintaining soil fertility.