Sediment Sources in a Small Watershed Located in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China Based on Different Models and Various Fingerprints

DU Pengfei; HUANG Donghao; QIN Wei and LIU Bing

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.01.013

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

Sediment Sources in a Small Watershed Located in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China Based on Different Models and Various Fingerprints

更新时间：2025-03-12

- Sediment Sources in a Small Watershed Located in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China Based on Different Models and Various Fingerprints
- Vol. 34, Issue 1, Pages: 84-91(2020)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国水利水电科学研究院国际泥沙研究培训中心,北京,100048
  2. 北京师范大学地理科学学部,北京,100875
  3. 中国水利水电科学研究院泥沙研究所,北京,100048
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.01.013
  CLC： P95
- Published：2020
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
DU Pengfei, HUANG Donghao, QIN Wei and LIU Bing. Sediment Sources in a Small Watershed Located in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China Based on Different Models and Various Fingerprints[J]. 2020, 34(1): 84-91.
DOI：

DU Pengfei, HUANG Donghao, QIN Wei and LIU Bing. Sediment Sources in a Small Watershed Located in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China Based on Different Models and Various Fingerprints[J]. 2020, 34(1): 84-91. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.01.013.

摘要

基于指纹识别技术计算了东北黑土区典型小流域不同侵蚀产沙源地的泥沙贡献比。通过分析农地、林地、草地表层土以及侵蚀沟样品中的33种物质，使用非参数检验和多元判别分析筛选出包括P、Ce、Ga、Rb和137Cs组成的最优复合指纹因子，并将放射性核素137Cs和210Pbex作为第2组指纹因子，将最优复合指纹因子中的单个因子分别作为单因子，作为第3组指纹因子，分别利用多元混合线性模型、Bayesian模型和单因子解析解等泥沙来源指纹分析方法计算了表层土和侵蚀沟的相对泥沙贡献比。结果表明：基于不同模型不同指纹因子的泥沙来源贡献比结果虽不尽相同，但无重大差别。利用多元混合线性模型计算时，由放射性元素137Cs和210Pbex作为指纹因子计算的泥沙来源（表层土47.5%，侵蚀沟52.5%），与最优复合指纹因子计算的泥沙来源（表层土44.6%，侵蚀沟55.4%）基本-致；利用Bayesian模型计算时，由放射性元素137Cs和210Pbex作为指纹因子计算的表层土和侵蚀沟的泥沙贡献比约各占1/2，而利用最优复合指纹因子计算得到的泥沙贡献比中，表层土（58.8%）多于侵蚀沟（41.2%）；以复合指纹因子中单个因子为指纹因子计算解析解，P、Ga、Ce、137Cs 4个因子的判别能力较强，能有效判别泥沙物源区；为保证泥沙贡献比计算结果的精确性，有必要确定各模型的计算精度，并挖掘具体的影响因素，调整参数或算法，为模型改进提供依据。研究发现，面积占比不足1%的侵蚀沟贡献了流域近1/2的泥沙，表明侵蚀沟发育引起的土壤流失不容小觑，应加强对该区侵蚀沟道的治理。

Abstract

Fingerprint technique is effective in relative sediment contribution estimation. As recently developed methods

Bayesian model and analytical solutions for single factor received more and more attentions. However

compared with most often used multivariate mixing models

their performance and stability in calculating the proportion of sediment sources kept unknow. In order to make clear the contribution of topsoil and subsoil in a typical small watershed in the black soil region of Northeast China

where distributed vast farmlands experiencing serious soil erosion and a number of gullies developing very fast

these three methods were introduced to provide estimation. In this studied watershed with 27.60 km2 area

totally 69 samples from the sediment sources area and 30 samples from the sedimentation area were collected. Sediment sources covered 45 topsoil samples in farmland

woodland and grassland

and 24 subsoil samples from gullies. Based on the analysis for 33 properties in these samples

the optimal composite fingerprints including P

Rb and 137Cs were screened by non-parametric test and multiple discriminant analysis. Taken these 5 fingerprints as group I

radionuclides 137Cs and 210Pbex as group II

Walling-Collins model

the representative of multivariate mixing models

and Bayesian model were used to calculate the sediment contribution for the two potential sources

respectively. Taken each property in the optimal composite fingerprints as group III

analytical solutions for single factor were also used to provide such estimation. The results showed that the contribution ratios of sediment sources based on different fingerprint group and various methods were similar

for example

the ratio provided by group II (topsoil 47.5% and subsoil 52.5%) kept consistent with that calculated by group I (topsoil 44.6% and subsoil 55.4%)

while the multivariate mixing model was adopted

the contribution estimated by group II (about half to half) was slightly different with that based on group I (topsoil 58.8% and subsoil 41.2%) in Bayesian model. However

the results provided by these two models were relative great-up to 14.2%

while taken group I as tracers. In group III

and 137Cs could differentiate the sources while applying for the single factor in analytical solutions

the results that half contribution from topsoil and half from gully

were not completely same

but very closed. The differences in sediment contribution might be caused by different principles of models. There were still some spaces to make improvement for different models in order to obtain more reliable results. Attention should also be paid to the gully

as it has caused severe soil erosion and contributed about 50% sediments with less than 1% area ratio in the whole watershed. To reduce sediment derived from the watershed

it is necessary to strengthen prevention and treatment for the gullies to the future land management and soil erosion controls.

关键词

Keywords

references

刘宝元,谢云,张科利.土壤侵蚀预报模型[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,2001.

Pimentel D, Harvey C, Resoudarmo P, et al. Envrironental and economic costs of soil erosion and conservation benefits[J]. Science,1995,267:1117-1123.

Foster I D L, Charlesworth S M. Heavy metals in the hydrological cycle:Trends and explanation[J]. Hydrological Processes,2015,10(2):227-261.

Walling D E, He Q. Use of fallout

137

Cs in investigations of over bank sediment deposition on river floodplains[J]. Catena,1997,29:263-282.

Walling D E. Tracing suspended sediment sources in catchments and river systems[J]. The Science of the Total Environment,2005,344(1/3):159-184.

Wilson P, Clark R, Mc Adam J H, et al. Soil erosion in the Falkland Islands:An assessment[J]. Applied Geography,1993,13(4):329-352.

Boardman J, Robinson D A. Soil erosion,climatic vagary and agricultural change on the downs around Lewes and brighton, autumn 1982[J]. Applied Geography,1985,5(3):243-258.

Davis R J, Gregory K J. A new distinct mechanism of river bank erosion in a forested catchment[J]. Journal of Hydrology,1994,157(1/4):1-11.

Lam K C. Patterns and rates of slopewash on the badlands of Hong Kong[J]. Earth Surface Processes & Landforms,2010,2(4):319-332.

魏天兴.黄土区小流域侵蚀泥沙来源与植被防止侵蚀作用研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2002,24(5/6):19-24.

冯光扬.嘉陵江泥沙来源与特性研究[J].四川水利,1993,14(5):1-5.

石伟,王光谦,邵学军.不同来源区洪水对黄河下游流量-含沙量关系的影响[J].水科学进展, 2003,14(2):147-151.

Wallbrink P, Murray A. Use of fallout radionuclides as indicators of erosion processes[J]. Hydrological Processes,1993,7(3):297-304.

熊道光.鄱阳湖泥沙来源及湖盆近期沉积规律探讨[J].海洋与湖沼,1990,21(4):374-385.

Schuller P, Walling D E, Iroume A, et al. Using

137

Cs and

210

and other sediment source fingerprints to document suspended sediment sources in small forested catchments in south-central Chile[J]. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity,2013,124:147-159.

李振山,付慧真,张红武,等.泥沙来源确定方法述评[J].人民黄河,2010,32(4):46-48,52.

Chen F, Zhang F, Fang N F, et al.Sediment source analysis using the fingerprinting method in a small catchment of the Loess Plateau,China[J]. Journal of Soils and Sediments,2016,16(5):1655-1669.

Collins A L, Zhang Y S, Duethmann D, et al. Using a novel tracing-tracking framework to source fine-grained sediment loss to watercourses at sub-catchment scale[J]. Hydrological Processes,2013,27(6):959-974.

Minella J P G, Walling D E, Merten G H. Establishing a sediment budget for a small agricultural catchment in southern Brazil, to support the development of effective sediment management strategies[J]. Journal of Hydrology,2014,519:2189-2201.

Palazón L, Gaspar L, Latorre B, et al. Identifying sediment sources by applying a fingerprinting mixing model in a Pyrenean drainage catchment[J]. Journal of Soils and Sediments,2015,15(10):2067-2085.

Poulenard J, Legout C, Némery J, et al. Tracing sediment sources during floods using Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectrometry (DRIFTS):A case study in a highly erosive mountainous catchment (Southern French Alps)[J]. Journal of Hydrology,2012,414/415:452-462.

Stone M, Collins A L, Silins U. The use of composite fingerprints to quantify sediment sources in a wildfire impacted landscape,Alberta,Canada[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2014, 473/474:642-650.

Foster I D L, Walling D E. Using reservoir deposits to reconstruct changing sediment yields and sources in the catchment of the Old Mill Reservoir,South Devon,UK,over the past 50 years[J]. Hydrological Sciences Journal,1994,39(4):347-368.

Poulenard J, Legout C, Nemery J, et al. Tracing sediment sources during floods using diffuse reflectance infrared fourier transform spectrometry (DRIFTS):A case study in a highly erosive mountainous catchment (Southern French Alps)[J]. Journal of Hydrology,2012,414/415:452-462.

Wu Y Q, Zheng Q H, Zhang Y G. Development of gullies and sediment production in the black soil region of northeastern China[J]. Geomorphology,2008,101(4):683-691.

阎百兴,杨育红,刘兴土,等.东北黑土区土壤侵蚀现状与演变趋势[J].中国水土保持,2008(12):26-30.

范昊明,蔡强国,王红闪.中国东北黑土区土壤侵蚀环境[J].水土保持学报,2004,18(2):66-70.

Dong Y F, Wu Y Q, Zhang T Y, et al. The sediment delivery ratio in a small catchment in the black soil region of Northeast China[J]. International Journal of Sediment Research,2013, 28(1):111-117.

Fang H Y. Temporal variations of sediment source from a reservoir catchment in the black soil region,Northeast China[J]. Soil and Tillage Research,2015,153:59-65.

李天奇.东北黑土区侵蚀沟成因与模型研究[D].长春:中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所, 2012.

顾广贺,王岩松,钟云飞,等.东北漫川漫岗区侵蚀沟发育特征研究[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(2):47-51.

刘雨佳,许秀泉,范昊明,等.东北黑土区横垄坡面融雪期细沟侵蚀特征研究[J].土壤通报,2017, 48(3):701-706.

Walling D E, Woodward J C, Nicholas A P. A multi-parameter approach to fingerprinting suspended-sediment sources[R].Tracers in Hydrology IAHS Publ:1993,215:329-337.

Collins A L, Walling D E, Leeks G J L. Source type ascription for fluvial suspended sediment based on a quantitative composite fingerprinting technique[J]. Catena,1997,29:1-27.

Zhang X C, Liu B L. Using multiple composite fingerprints to quantify fine sediment source contributions:A new direction[J]. Geoderma,2016,268:108-118.

Moore J W, Semmens B X. Incorporating uncertainty and prior information into stable isotope mixing models[J]. Ecology Letters,2008,11(5):470-480.

Nosrati K, Govers G, Semmens B X, et al. A mixing model to incorporate uncertainty in sediment fingerprinting[J]. Geoderma,2014,217/218:173-180.

Rubin D B. Using the SIR algorithm to simulate posterior distributions[J]. Bayesian Statistics, 1988,3:395-402.

Views

1086

下载量

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Tools

Publicity Resources

Effects of Continuous Rainfall and Runoff under Different Slope Conditions on Hillslope Soil Erosion in the Black Soil Region

Optimal Parameter Configuration of UAV for Measuring Gully Morphology in Black Soil Region of Northeast China

Advances on Fingerprinting Technology of Sediment Source in Burned Watershed

Tracing Fine Sediment Sources in the Surface and Subsurface Rivers of a Karst Watershed Using Compound Fingerprinting with 137Cs and Magnetic Susceptibility in Southwest China

Related Author

LIANG Yushi

WANG Tingting

TIAN Li

WANG Xueying

ZHAO Qiang

LIU Jianxiang

SHEN Haiou

LIU Chuan

Related Institution

Soil and Fertilizer General Station of Jilin Province

Charlson Reservoir Authority of Song-Liao Water Resources Commission， Xingan League

College of Resources and Environment， Jilin Agricultural University

College of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University

Department of Geographic Science, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai

⁰