Soil Physical Properties and Water Holding Capacity of Natural Secondary Forests in a Sub-alpine Region of Western Sichuan, China

ZHU Wanze; SHENG Zheliang; SHU Shumiao

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.06.029

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

Soil Physical Properties and Water Holding Capacity of Natural Secondary Forests in a Sub-alpine Region of Western Sichuan, China

更新时间：2025-03-12

- Soil Physical Properties and Water Holding Capacity of Natural Secondary Forests in a Sub-alpine Region of Western Sichuan, China
- Vol. 33, Issue 6, Pages: 205-212(2019)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,成都,610041
  2. 中国科学院大学,北京,100049
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.06.029
  CLC：
- Published：2019
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
ZHU Wanze, SHENG Zheliang, SHU Shumiao. Soil Physical Properties and Water Holding Capacity of Natural Secondary Forests in a Sub-alpine Region of Western Sichuan, China[J]. 2019, 33(6): 205-212.
DOI：

ZHU Wanze, SHENG Zheliang, SHU Shumiao. Soil Physical Properties and Water Holding Capacity of Natural Secondary Forests in a Sub-alpine Region of Western Sichuan, China[J]. 2019, 33(6): 205-212. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.06.029.

摘要

川西亚高山原始针叶林遭受大规模采伐后自然恢复形成的次生林已成为该区域的主要森林类型之一，也是我国西南林区水源涵养林的重要组成部分。现有亚高山森林水源涵养功能研究主要集中在暗针叶林，对天然次生林关注较少。选择川西米亚罗林区亚高山次生林自然恢复演替序列上高山柳灌丛、次生桦木阔叶林、岷江冷杉桦木针阔混交林，以相邻岷江冷杉成熟林为对照，采用空间代替时间的方法，基于土壤容重、孔隙度、持水性能等测定，分析了次生林恢复过程中土壤物理性质变化及土壤水源涵养效应动态，结果表明：（1）次生林恢复过程中，土壤容重总体呈下降趋势，除灌丛与阔叶林、针阔混交林、暗针叶林间具有显著差异外，其余植被类型间无显著差异，随着土层的加深，土壤容重呈增加趋势；（2）不同恢复阶段土壤孔隙度具有显著差异，以针阔混交林0-30 cm土层总孔隙度（64.39%）和毛管孔隙度（50.49%）为最高，灌丛总孔隙度（41.25%）和毛管孔隙度（33.70%）为最低；而土壤非毛管孔隙度以暗针叶林（14.27%）为最高；随着土层的加深，土壤孔隙度大致呈现出递减的趋势；（3）随着林龄增加，次生林土壤0-30 cm土层最大持水量呈波动性增加趋势，在针阔叶混交林阶段达到最大（1 815.02 t/hm2），到暗针叶林阶段有所下降（1 659.88 t/hm2）；土壤毛管持水量以针阔混交林（1 369.72 t/hm2）为最高，而非毛管持水量以暗针叶林（534.95 t/hm2）为最高，暗示针阔混交林树木生长所需有效水贮存量较大，亚高山暗针叶林具有较强的土壤水分调节能力和土壤渗透能力。从水源涵养功能角度，川西亚高山森林植被恢复应注重构建针阔叶混交林结构。

Abstract

The secondary forest formed by natural restoration after the large-scale logging of primary conifer forests has become one of the dominant forest types in a subalpine region of western Sichuan

and plays an important role in water conservation in the forests of southwestern China. However

less attention was paid to the water conservation function of subalpine natural secondary forest. Therefore

by using the method of replacing space with time

four typical vegetation types of shrub (dominated by Salix cupularis)

broad-leavedforest (dominated by Betula spp.)

mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest (dominated by Abies faxoniana and Betula spp.)

and old-growth conifer forest (dominated by A.faxoniana) along natural restoration with different stand ages in Miyaluo of western Sichuan were selected to measure soil bulk density

porosity and water holding capacity. The aim of this study was to quantify the changes of soil physical properties and water-holding capacity. The results indicated as follows:(1) The soil bulk density decreased with the vegetation restoration and increased with the depth

and the trend was subalpine conifer mature forest < mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest < broad-leaved forest < shrub. (2) There were significant differences in soil porosity along natural restoration. The mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest had the maximum total porosity (64.39%) and capillary porosity (50.49%) in the 0-30 cm soil layer

and shrub had the minimum total porosity (41.25%) and capillary porosity (33.70%). However

the soil non-capillary porosity was the highest in conifer forest (14.27%)

and the soil porosity showed a decreasing trend with the soil depth. (3) The soil maximum water-holding capacity along the natural restoration varied nonlinearly with the increasing stand age

from 1 172.07 t/hm2 for the shrub stage to 1 815.02 t/hm2 for the mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest

and to 1 659.88 t/hm2 for the conifer forest. The mixed conifer and broad-leaved forest has the maximum soil capillary water holding capacity (1 369.72 t/hm2)

while conifer forest has the maximum non-capillary water holding capacity (534.95 t/hm2)

which indicated that the former needs more available water storage capacity for vegetation growth

and the latter has strong soil water regulation ability and permeability ability. It is concluded from this study that attention should be paid to the construction of conifer and broad-leaf mixed forest structure in the alpine forest restoration in western Sichuan for the improvement of water conservation function.

关键词

Keywords

references

张彪,李文华,谢高地,等.森林生态系统的水源涵养功能及其计量方法[J].生态学杂志,2009,28(3):529-534.

鲍文,包维楷,何丙辉,等.岷江上游23年生油松纯林下凋落物与土壤截留降水的效应[J].水土保持学报,2004,18(5):115-119.

刘世荣,温光远,王兵,等.中国森林生态系统水文生态功能规律[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1992.

杨玉坡,李承彪.四川森林[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1992.

周德彰,杨玉坡.四川西部高山林区桦木更新特性的初步研究[J].林业科学,1980(2):154-156.

谢春华,关文彬,吴建安,等.贡嘎山暗针叶林生态系统林冠截留特征研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2002,24(4):68-71.

李崇巍,刘世荣,孙鹏森,等.岷江上游植被冠层降水截留的空间模拟[J].植物生态学报,2005,29(1):60-67.

吕瑜良,刘世荣,孙鹏森,等.川西亚高山不同暗针叶林群落类型的冠层降水截留特征[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(11):2398-2405.

孙向阳,王根绪,吴勇,等.川西亚高山典型森林生态系统截留水文效应[J].生态学报,2013,33(2):501-508.

薛建辉,郝奇林,吴永波,等.3种亚高山森林群落林冠截留量及穿透雨量与降雨量的关系[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2008,32(3):9-13.

殷晖,关文彬,薛肖肖,等.贡嘎山暗针叶林林冠对降雨能量再分配的影响研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2010,32(20):1-5.

薛建辉,郝奇林,何常清,等.岷江上游两种亚高山林分枯落物层水文特征研究[J].水土保持学报,2009,23(3):168-172.

季冬,关文彬,谢春华.贡嘎山暗针叶林枯落物截留特征研究[J].中国水土保持科学,2007,5(2):86-90.

陈礼清,孙泽平,李德文,等.川西亚高山植被恢复过程中的土壤和地被物水源涵养能力评价[J].长江流域资源与环境,2014,23(7):1048-1052.

刘洋,张健,杨万勤,等.自然恢复过程中川西亚高山林草交错带地被物储量及持水性能研究[J].水土保持学报,2009,23(3):173-178.

庞学勇,刘世全,刘庆,等.川西亚高山针叶林植物群落演替对土壤性质的影响[J].水土保持学报,2003,17(4):42-46.

高甲荣,尹婧,牛健植,等.长江上游亚高山暗针叶林林地水文作用初探[J].北京林业大学学报,2002,24(4):76-80.

冯秋红,刘兴良,卢昌泰,等.不同经营模式对川西亚高山天然次生林林地水文效应的影响[J].生态学报,2016,36(17):5432-5439.

祁凯斌,黄俊胜,杨婷惠,等.亚高山森林自然与人工恢复对土壤涵水能力的影响[J].生态学报,2018,38(22):8118-8128.

张保华,何毓蓉,周红艺,等.长江上游典型区亚高山不同林型土壤的结构性与水分效应[J].水土保持学报,2002,16(4):127-129.

马姜明,刘世荣,史作民,等.川西亚高山暗针叶林恢复过程中不同恢复阶段的定量分析[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(8):1695-1701.

Zhang Z H, Li X Y, Jiang Z Y, et al. Changes in some soil properties induced by re-conversion of cropland into grassland in the semiarid steppe zone of Inner Mongolia, China[J].Plant and Soil,2013,373:89-106.

Zhao Z N, Wei X R, Wang X, et al. Concentration and mineralization of organic carbon in forest soils along a climatic gradient[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2019,432:246-255.

张远东,刘世荣,顾峰雪.西南亚高山森林植被变化对流域产水量的影响[J].生态学报,2011,31(24):7601-7608.

中国利学院南京土壤研究所.土壤理化分析[M].上海:上海科技出版社,1978.

国家林业局.森林土壤分析方法[M].北京:中国标准出版社,1999.

庞学勇,包维楷,江元明,等.九寨沟和黄龙自然保护区原始林与次生林土壤物理性质比较[J].应用与环境生物学报,2009,15(6):768-773.

霍小鹏,李贤伟,张健,等.川西亚高山暗针叶林土壤渗透性能研究[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(3):192-195.

万丹,梁博,聂晓刚,等.西藏色季拉山土壤物理性质垂直地带性[J].生态学报,2018,38(3):1065-1074.

何方永,何飞,吴宗达,等.岷江冷杉原始林土壤物理性质的海拔梯度变化[J].西北师范大学学报(自然科学版),2015,51(5):92-98.

柴华,何念鹏.中国土壤容重特征及其对区域碳贮量估算的意义[J].生态学报,2016,36(13):3903-3910.

田大伦,陈书军.樟树人工林土壤水文-物理性质特征分析[J].中南林学院学报,2005,25(2):1-6.

郭建荣,庄静静,朱学灵,等.不同林龄对宝天曼自然保护区锐齿栎林土壤物理性质及其水源涵养功能差异性的影响[J].河南农业大学学报,2012,46(5):549-553.

胡健,吕一河,张琨,等.祁连山排露沟流域典型植被类型的水源涵养功能差异[J].生态学报,2016,36(11):3338-3349.

徐明,张健,刘国彬,等.植被类型和降雨量对沟谷地土壤水分和温度空间分布的影响[J].草地学报,2017,25(3):499-507.

Shang W, Zhao L, Wu X D, et al. Soil organic matter fractions under different vegetation types in permafrost regions along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway, north of Kunlun Mountains, China[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2015,12(4):1010-1024.

李裕元,邵明安,陈洪松,等.水蚀风蚀交错带植被恢复对土壤物理性质的影响[J].生态学报,2010,30(16):4306-4316.

曹国栋,陈接华,夏军,等.玛纳斯河流域扇缘带不同植被类型下土壤物理性质[J].生态学报,2013,33(1):195-204.

Rivero R G, Grunwald S, Osborne T Z, et al. Characterization of the spatial distribution of soil properties in water conservation area2A, everglades, florida[J].Soil Science,2007,172(2):149-166.

Wösten J H M, Van Genuchten M T. Using texture and other soil properties to predict the unsaturated soil hydraulic function[J].Soil science Society of America Journal,1987,52(6):1762-1770.

鲜骏仁,张远彬,王开运,等.川西亚高山5种森林生态系统的碳格局[J].植物生态学报,2009,33(2):283-290.

陈波,杨新兵,赵心苗,等.冀北山地6种天然纯林枯落物及土壤水文效应[J].水土保持学报,2012,26(2):196-202.

田超,杨新兵,李军,等.冀北山地阴坡枯落物层和土壤层水文效应研究[J].水土保持学报,2011,25(2):97-103.

周晓峰,赵惠勋,孙慧珍.正确评价森林水文效应[J].自然资源学报,2001,16(5):420-426.

史立新,王金锡,宿以明,等.川西米亚罗地区暗针叶林采伐迹地早期植被演替过程的研究[J].植物生态学与地植物学学报,1988,12(4):306-313.

Views

1410

下载量

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Tools

Publicity Resources

Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon， Nitrogen， and Phosphorus and Stoichiometric Characteristics in Natural Secondary Forests of Cold-Temperate Zone

Effect of Soil Bulk Density on Soil Nutrient in Runoff from Loess Slope

Interactive Effects of Climate Warming and Forest Succession on Root Respiration of Natural Secondary Forest in Warm Temperate Zone

Effects of Sprinkler Pressures, Nozzle Diameters and Spraying Duration on Soil Infiltration Property

Effects of Water Retentive Agent Application on the Matter Formation and Nutrient Utilization of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge

Related Author

PANG Yuejian

MAN Xiuling

ZENG Chenyang

NIU Xinran

WANG Hui

WANG Quan-jiu

SHAO Ming-an

ZHAO Shikui

Related Institution

College of Forestry， Northeast Forestry University

College of Information, Shanxi Agriculture University, Taigu

College of Forestry, Shanxi Agriculture University, Taigu

Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling

College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University

⁰