Effects of Different Tillage Modes on Soil Nutrient and Crop Yield Under Wheat-Maize Rotation System in the Fluvo-aquic Soil

LONG Qian; DONG Shigang; ZHU Changwei; LIU Fang; JIANG Guiying; SHEN Fengmin; LIU Shiliang

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.04.024

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

Effects of Different Tillage Modes on Soil Nutrient and Crop Yield Under Wheat-Maize Rotation System in the Fluvo-aquic Soil

更新时间：2025-03-12

- Effects of Different Tillage Modes on Soil Nutrient and Crop Yield Under Wheat-Maize Rotation System in the Fluvo-aquic Soil
- Vol. 33, Issue 4, Pages: 167-174(2019)
- 作者机构：
  
  河南农业大学资源与环境学院,郑州,450002
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.04.024
  CLC： S158.5
- Published：2019
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
LONG Qian, DONG Shigang, ZHU Changwei, et al. Effects of Different Tillage Modes on Soil Nutrient and Crop Yield Under Wheat-Maize Rotation System in the Fluvo-aquic Soil[J]. 2019, 33(4): 167-174.
DOI：

LONG Qian, DONG Shigang, ZHU Changwei, et al. Effects of Different Tillage Modes on Soil Nutrient and Crop Yield Under Wheat-Maize Rotation System in the Fluvo-aquic Soil[J]. 2019, 33(4): 167-174. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.04.024.

摘要

通过分析裂区设计下的6个处理，即小麦季深耕和旋耕2个主处理×玉米季免耕播种、行间深松和行内深松3个副处理：（1）旋耕+免耕播种（RT—NT）；（2）旋耕+行间深松（RT—SBR）；（3）旋耕+行内深松（RT—SIR）；（4）深耕+免耕播种（DT—NT）；（5）深耕+行间深松（DT—SBR）；（6）深耕+行内深松（DT—SIR），对土壤养分含量和作物产量影响，筛选适宜于小麦—玉米轮作体系的耕作模式。结果表明，各处理土壤养分含量在小麦、玉米两季中均随土层深度增加而降低。小麦季，旋耕处理0—10 cm土层土壤全氮、碱解氮、有效磷含量、硝态氮含量显著高于深耕处理；但深耕增加当季30—40 cm土层土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、硝态氮、铵态氮含量。玉米季，DT—NT处理0—30 cm土层有机质含量较RT—NT处理增加40.1%~64.3%。RT—SBR、RT—SIR处理显著提升土壤0—30 cm全氮含量，其中RT—SBR处理0—10 cm土层全氮含量最高，为1.4 g/kg。RT—SIR处理显著增加0—20 cm土壤碱解氮含量，较RT—NT显著增加15.0%~25.3%。在0—40 cm土层，DT—SBR处理的有效磷含量最高，而RT—SBR处理的速效钾含量最高。DT—SIR处理显著提升20—50 cm土层硝态氮和铵态氮含量，其中硝态氮含量为8.5~30.4 mg/kg，铵态氮含量为2.6~8.9 mg/kg。与小麦季相比，玉米季提升10—20 cm土层有机质含量、0—50 cm土层的碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量以及40—50 cm土层的硝态氮、铵态氮含量。DT—SBR和DT—SIR处理穗长、百粒重、收获指数和产量显著高于其他处理，且二者产量较RT—NT处理显著增加6.4%~10.8%。玉米季DT—SIR处理的肥料偏利用率和经济效益最高。综上所述，深耕+行内深松处理有利于增加土壤养分含量，且增产效果较好，在本研究中最优。

Abstract

The objective of this study was to select the optimum tillage pattern though studying the effect of the different tillage patterns on the soil nutrient and crop yield. The field experiment was conducted with split plot design with six treatments:two main treatments with rotary tillage and deep tillage in wheat season

combined with three subsidiary treatments with no-tillage sowing

subsoiling between the row and subsoiling in the row in maize season

including (1) rotary tillage + no-tillage sowing (RT-NT); (2) rotary tillage +subsoiling between the row (RT-SBR); (3) rotary tillage + subsoiling in the row (RT-SIR); (4) deep tillage + no-tillage sowing (DT-NT); (5) deep tillage + subsoiling between the row (DT-SBR); (6) deep tillage +subsoiling in the row (DT-SIR). The results showed that

all the soil nutrient contents decreased with soil depths in both wheat and maize seasons. In wheat season

the total nitrogen (TN)

alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen (AN)

available phosphorus (AP) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) contents under rotary tillage treatments were significantly higher than those under deep tillage treatments; while

the soil organic matter (SOM)

NO3--N

and ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) contents in 30-40 cm was increased under deep tillage treatments. In maize season

the SOM content in 0-30 cm under DT-NT treatment was increased by 40.1%~64.3% compared with RT-NT treatment. The TN content in 0-30 cm was increased under RT-SBR and RT-SIR treatment

with the highest value of 1.4 g/kg in 0-10 cm under RT-SBR treatment. The AN content was increased by 15.0%~25.3% in 0-20 cm under RT-SIR treatment compared with RT-NT treatment. In 0-40 cm

the highest AP content was observed under DT-SBR treatment

and the highest available potassium (AK) content was under RT-SBR treatment. The NO3--N (8.5~30.4 mg/kg) and NH4+-N (2.6~8.9 mg/kg) contents in 20-50 cm under DT-SIR treatment were significantly higher than the others. Compared with the wheat season

the SOM in 10-20 cm

AP and AK in 0-50 cm

NO3--N and NH4+-N in 40-50 cm were increased in maize season. In maize season

the ear length

100-grain weight

harvest index and yield under DT-SBR and DT-SIR were significantly higher than the others

and the yield was increased by 6.4%~10.8% under DT-SBR and DT-SIR compared with RT-NT treatment. The fertilizer partial productivity and economic benefit was highest under DT-SIR treatment in maize season. In sum

the soil nutrient contents and crop yield were improved under the DT-SIR treatment

which was suggested as the optimum practice in this study.

关键词

Keywords

references

李晓林.黄淮海平原耕地质量现状、问题及解决对策.中国土壤学会.中国土壤学会第十一届全国会员代表大会暨第七届海峡两岸土壤肥料学术交流研讨会论文集(中).北京:中国土壤学会,2008:373-379.

刘世平,陆建飞,庄恒扬,等.土壤轮耕:江苏农业可持续发展的重要技术措施[J].土壤,1998,30(1):43-46.

贾延明,尚长青,张振国.保护性耕作适应性试验及关键技术研究[J].农业工程学报,2002,18(1):78-81.

张海林,陈阜,秦耀东,等.覆盖免耕夏玉米耗水特性的研究[J].农业工程学报,2002,18(2):36-40.

陈军胜.华北平原免耕冬小麦田土壤水热特征及其对冬小麦生长发育影响研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2005.

李素娟,陈继康,陈阜,等.华北平原免耕冬小麦生长发育特征研究[J].作物学报,2008,34(2):290-296.

侯贤清,李荣,贾志宽,等.不同农作区土壤轮耕模式与生态效应研究进展[J].生态学报,2016,36(5):1215-1223.

王振忠,许学前."久免需耕":再谈轮耕的意义[J].江苏农业科学,1995(5):43-45.

贾凤梅,张淑花,魏雅冬.不同耕作方式下玉米农田土壤养分及土壤微生物活性变化[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(5):112-117.

张洋,王鸿斌.不同耕作模式对黑土区土壤理化性质及玉米生长发育的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(18):58-64.

王平,陈娟,谢成俊,等.轮耕条件下土壤改良及春玉米增产增收效果研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2018,36(5):59-67.

López-Fando C, Pardo M T. Soil carbon storage and stratification under different tillage systems in a semi-arid region[J].Soil and Tillage Research,2011,111:224-230.

侯贤清,李荣,韩清芳,等.轮耕对宁南旱区土壤理化性状和旱地小麦产量的影响[J].土壤学报,2012,49(3):592-600.

聂良鹏,郭利伟,牛海燕,等.轮耕对小麦-玉米两熟农田耕层构造及作物产量与品质的影响[J].作物学报,2015,41(3):468-478.

鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].3版.北京:中国农业出版社,2008.

王靖,林琪,倪永君,等.不同保护性耕作模式对冬小麦产量及土壤理化性状的影响[J].青岛农业大学学报(自然科学版),2009,26(4):276-281.

田慎重,李增嘉,宁堂原,等.保护性耕作对农田土壤不同养分形态的影响[J].青岛农业大学学报(自然科学版),2008,25(3):171-176.

唐海明,孙国峰,肖小平,等.轮耕对双季稻田土壤全氮、有效磷、速效钾质量分数及水稻产量的影响[J].生态环境学报,2011,20(3):420-424.

李娟,李军,尚金霞,等.轮耕对渭北旱塬春玉米田土壤理化性状和产量的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2012,20(7):867-873.

黄明,李友军,吴金芝,等.深松覆盖对土壤性状及冬小麦产量的影响[J].河南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2006,27(2):74-77.

赵全仁,陈秉焱,毕江涛,等.旱地春小麦不同覆盖栽培水肥效应研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2004,22(1):76-80.

张亚丽,张兴昌,邵明安,等.秸秆覆盖对黄土坡面矿质氮素径流流失的影响[J].水土保持学报,2004,18(1):85-88.

闫洪奎,王欣然.长期定位试验下秸秆还田配套深松对土壤性状及玉米产量的影响[J].华北农学报,2017,32(增刊1):250-255.

王玉玲,李军,柏炜霞.轮耕体系对黄土台塬麦玉轮作土壤生产性能的影响[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(1):107-116.

Schneider F, Don A, Hennings I, et al. The effect of deep tillage on crop yield:What do we really know?[J]. Soil and Tillage Research,2017,174:193-204.

谢迎新,靳海洋,孟庆阳,等.深耕改善砂姜黑土理化性状提高小麦产量[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(10):167-173.

唐先亮,魏甲彬,周玲红,等.耕作方式对稻田土壤微生物量碳氮的动态影响[J].作物研究,2016,30(3):282-287.

Vogeler I, Rogasik J, Funder U, et al. Effect of tillage systems and P-fertilization on soil physical and chemical properties, crop yield and nutrient uptake[J].Soil and Tillage Research,2009,103(1):137-143.

Martin-Rueda I, Muñoz-Guerra L M, Yunta F, et al. Tillage and crop rotation effects on barley yield and soil nutrients on a Calciortidic Haploxeralf[J].Soil and Tillage Research,2007,92(1/2):1-9.

Guan D H, Mahdi M, Al-Kaisi, et al. Tillage practices affect biomass and grain yield through regulating root growth, root-bleeding sap and nutrients uptake in summer maize[J].Field Crops Research,2014,157:89-97.

Chu P F, Zhang Y L, Yu Z W, et al. Winter wheat grain yield, water use, biomass accumulation and remobilisation under tillage in the North China Plain[J].Field Crops Research,2016,193:43-53.

Shao Y H, Xie Y X, Wang C Y, et al. Effects of different soil conservation tillage approaches on soil nutrients, water use and wheat-maize yield in rainfed dry-land regions of North China[J].European Journal of Agronomy,2016,81:37-45.

Pierce F J, Fortin M C, Staton M J. Immediate and residual effects of zone-tillage on soil physical properties and corn performance[J].Soil and Tillage Research,1992,24:149-165.

吕军杰,姚宇卿,王育红,等.不同耕作方式对坡耕地土壤水分及水分生产效率的影响[J].土壤通报,2003,34(1):74-76.

顾秋蓓,杨琼,余涛,等.耕作措施对土壤有机碳稳定性的影响:以黑龙江省与吉林省典型地区为例[J].现代地质,2016,30(2):463-469.

高飞,李霞,任佰朝,等.小麦玉米周年生产中耕作方式对夏玉米根系特性和产量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(11):2141-2149.

Li H W, Gao H W, Wu H D, et al. Effects of 15 years of conservation tillage on soil structure and productivity of wheat cultivation in northern China[J].Australian Journal,2007,45(5):344-350.

Views

1211

下载量

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Tools

Publicity Resources

Effects of Straw Returning and Planting Density on Nitrogen Absorption， Utilization， and Yield of Maize

Effects of Different Ion Compositions in Brackish Water Drip Irrigation on Soil Salinity， Maize Ion Uptake Characteristics， and Yield

Effects of Conservation Tillage in Loess Soil on Farmland Soil Structure， Water Content， and Maize Yield

Effects of Tillage Practices on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Root Growth of Soybean in Black Soil Region of Northeast China

Effects of Different Cotton Straw Returning Rates on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Cotton Growth

Related Author

SUN Jialu

QI Zhijuan

LI Mo

SONG Fang

XU Jingwen

WANG Ziwen

LUO Xinbo

QU Jiayue

Related Institution

School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering， Northeast Agricultural University

Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources， Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs， Northeast Agricultural University

Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas （Ministry of Education）， Northwest A&F University， Yangling

College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering， Northwest A&F University， Yangling

Institute of Soil and Water Conservation， Chinese Academy of Sciences & Ministry of Water Resources， Yangling

⁰