Effects of Postponing Nitrogen Application on Accumulation and Transport of Nitrogen and Yield and Quality of Grain in Strong-gluten Wheat

DAI Xinjun; XIA Qing; YANG Zhenping; GAO Zhiqiang

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.03.043

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Effects of Postponing Nitrogen Application on Accumulation and Transport of Nitrogen and Yield and Quality of Grain in Strong-gluten Wheat

更新时间：2025-03-12

- Effects of Postponing Nitrogen Application on Accumulation and Transport of Nitrogen and Yield and Quality of Grain in Strong-gluten Wheat
- Vol. 32, Issue 3, Pages: 289-294(2018)
- 作者机构：
  
  山西农业大学农学院, 山西太谷,030801
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.03.043
  CLC：
- Published：2018
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
DAI Xinjun, XIA Qing, YANG Zhenping, et al. Effects of Postponing Nitrogen Application on Accumulation and Transport of Nitrogen and Yield and Quality of Grain in Strong-gluten Wheat[J]. 2018, 32(3): 289-294.
DOI：

DAI Xinjun, XIA Qing, YANG Zhenping, et al. Effects of Postponing Nitrogen Application on Accumulation and Transport of Nitrogen and Yield and Quality of Grain in Strong-gluten Wheat[J]. 2018, 32(3): 289-294. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.03.043.

摘要

为探索强筋小麦施用氮肥的合理基追比模式，在山西中部麦区水地小麦田，研究了氮肥基施、拔节期追施和孕穗期追施的不同比例（10∶0∶0，7∶3∶0，7∶2∶1，6∶4∶0，6∶2∶2，5∶5∶0，5∶3∶2）对强筋小麦CA0547氮素积累转运及籽粒产量与品质的影响。结果表明：（1）适当追氮对强筋小麦CA0547氮素与干物质积累转运及产量品质有显著的调节效应。（2）追氮能显著提高小麦拔节期后的含氮量，提高花前氮素转运量和花后氮素积累量，促进氮素向籽粒中的累积，同时增加花前干物质转运量和花后干物质积累量，为产量提高提供了物质基础。（3）籽粒氮素中约有68.38%~75.18%是来自花前氮素转运，籽粒产量中约有55.12%~70.04%是来自花后干物质积累。追氮通过显著增加穗数和穗粒数来提高产量，并提高氮素吸收效率和氮素生产效率。（4）追氮可提高籽粒醇溶蛋白、谷蛋白、总蛋白质和湿面筋含量，提高面筋指数和淀粉含量，改善谷醇比和直/支比，进而改善籽粒品质。相关分析亦表明，提高干物质花后积累量与花前氮素转运量可以改善小麦品质。（5）拔节期和孕穗期2次施氮效果不如拔节期1次追施。综合分析得出，在本试验条件下，施氮量150 kg/hm2时，基肥、拔节肥、孕穗肥比例为6∶4∶0能较好的协调产量品质之间的关系。

Abstract

In order to explore the reasonable ratio of topdressing gluten wheat with nitrogen fertilizer

the effect of basal nitrogen application rate

dressing rate at jointing stage and booting stage (10:0:0

7:3:0

7:2:1

6:4:0

6:2:2

5:5:0 and 5:3:2) on the N accumulate and transfer and grain yield and quality of CA0547 (strong gluten wheat) were studied in the irrigated wheat field in central of Shanxi Province. The results showed:(1) Appropriate dressing N had a significant regulatory effect on accumulation and translocation of N and dry matter

yield and quality of CA0547. (2) Dressing nitrogen could significantly increase nitrogen content after jointing stage

N transfer amount pre-anthesis and N accumulation amount post-anthesis

promote accumulation of N in grain

increase dry matter transport pre-anthesis and dry matter accumulation post-anthesis

which provided a material basis for the increase of yield. (3) About 68.38%~75.18% of N in the grains came from nitrogen translocation pre-anthesis

and 55.12%~70.04% of yield came from dry matter accumulation post-anthesis. Dressing nitrogen increased yield by increasing the number of ears and per spike

and increased N absorption and production efficiency. (4) Dressing nitrogen could improve the contents of gliadin

gluten

protein and wet-gluten

improve the gluten index and starch content

improve glutenin/gliadin ratio and straight/branch ratio

and improve grain quality. Correlation analysis also showed that increase dry matter accumulation post- anthesis and pre-anthesis nitrogen translocation amount of vegetative organs could improve quality. (5) The effect of N application at jointing and booting stage was inferior to N application at jointing stage. Comprehensive analysis showed that N amount of 150 kg/hm2

at nitrogen ratio of 6:4:0 (base fertilizer:jointing fertilizer:boosting fertilizer) could better coordinate the relationship between yield and quality.

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