Water Conservation Function of Litters and Soil in Three Kinds of Woodlands in Gully Region of Loess Plateau

HOU Guirong1; BI Huaxing1; 2; 3; 4; WEI Xi1; ZHOU Qiaozhi1; KONG Lingxiao1; WANG Jieshuai1; JIA Jianbo5

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.02.052

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Water Conservation Function of Litters and Soil in Three Kinds of Woodlands in Gully Region of Loess Plateau

更新时间：2025-03-12

- Water Conservation Function of Litters and Soil in Three Kinds of Woodlands in Gully Region of Loess Plateau
- Vol. 32, Issue 2, Pages: 357-363(2018)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京,100083
  2. 山西吉县森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,北京,100083
  3. 北京林果业生态环境功能提升协同创新中心,北京,102206
  4. 水土保持国家林业局重点实验室（北京林业大学）,北京,100083
  5. 中南林业科技大学林学院,长沙,410004
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.02.052
  CLC： S715.3
- Published：2018
- 稿件说明：
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HOU Guirong1, BI Huaxing1, 2, et al. Water Conservation Function of Litters and Soil in Three Kinds of Woodlands in Gully Region of Loess Plateau[J]. 2018, 32(2): 357-363.
DOI：

HOU Guirong1, BI Huaxing1, 2, et al. Water Conservation Function of Litters and Soil in Three Kinds of Woodlands in Gully Region of Loess Plateau[J]. 2018, 32(2): 357-363. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.02.052.

摘要

为了研究黄土残塬沟壑区典型林地枯落物和土壤水文特性，并对黄土残塬沟壑区造林树种的选择及功能导向型林分改造提供依据，于2017年在山西省吉县蔡家川流域选择刺槐林、油松林、刺槐×油松混交林为研究对象，分别采用浸泡法、环刀法对林地枯落物层和土壤层持水性能进行定量化研究，探究其水源涵养功能。结果表明：（1）3种林地枯落物总储量在105.49～148.38 t/hm2之间变动，且半分解层储量大于未分解层储量；油松×刺槐混交林地枯落物总厚度最大（3.8 cm），刺槐林次之（3.6 cm），油松林最小（3.4 cm）；（2）枯落物最大持水量（率）均为油松×刺槐混交林最大，刺槐纯林次之，油松纯林最小，分别为117.99 t/hm2（387.12%），106.19 t/hm2（324.31%），82.86 t/hm2（305.76%）；（3）枯落物有效拦蓄量与持水量（率）表现一致，均为阔叶林优于针叶林，有效拦蓄量为83.66～195.72 t/hm2，有效拦蓄率为121.75%～292.21%；枯落物持水量、吸水速率与浸水时间分别符合对数函数和指数函数；（4）3种林地土壤容重均值在0.99～1.01 g/cm3浮动，总孔隙度为49.39%～50.09%，土壤有效持水量为32.99～81.73 t/hm2，林地土壤入渗速率与入渗时间呈幂函数关系。综合3种林地枯落物层和土壤层的涵养水源能力表现为油松×刺槐混交林较高，油松纯林较差。建议在现有林分改造中，宜将刺槐纯林和油松纯林逐渐向混交林模式改进。

Abstract

In order to investigate the water conservation function of litter and soil in typical forest lands and provide the basis for tree species selection and stand improvement by functional orientation in Gully region of Loess Plateau

the Robinia pseudoacacia L.

Pinus tabulaeformis

and mingled forest were chosen as subjects in this article at Caijiachuan watershed in Ji County of Shanxi province in 2017. The water conservation function was studied by quantitative research with Immersion method and cutting-ring method applied to litter and soil in typical forest lands. The results showed: (1) The total litter storage capacity of the three kinds of forest lands ranged from 105.49 to 148.38 t/hm2

and the storage capacity of semi-decomposed litter was higher than that of undecomposed litter. The total litter thickness of mingle forest composed with R. pseudoacacia L. and P. tabulaeformis was the highest as 3.8 cm

the second was R. pseudoacacia L. forest as 3.6 cm

while the Pinus tabulaeformis was the lowest

3.4 cm. (2) By analyzing the rules of maximum water-holding capacity and maximum water-holding rate

the mingle forest was the highest and the R. pseudoacacia L. and P. tabulaeformis was the second and the third respectively

the values were 117.99 t/hm2 and 387.12%

106.19 t/hm2 and 324.31%

82.86 t/hm2 and 305.76%

respectively. (3) The effect interception amount and the effect interception rate of litter in broad-leaf forest was more than that in coniferous forest. The effect interception amount ranged from 83.66 to 195.72 t/hm2

and the effect interception rate ranged from 121.75% to 292.21%. The relationship between the water-holding capacity and the immersion time fitted Logarithmic Function

and the relationship between the water-absorption rate and the immersion time fitted Exponential Function. (4) The average of soil bulk density of three kinds of forest land ranged from 0.99 to 1.01 g/cm3

and the total soil porosity varied from 49.39%～50.09%

and the soil water-holding capacity varied from 32.99～81.73 t/hm2. By analyzing soil infiltration rate and infiltration time

we found that there is a power function relation between them. Considering the water-holding abilities of the litter and soil of three kinds of forest lands

the water conservation abilities of the mingle forest was the highest

while that of the P. tabulaeformis was the lowest. Therefore

the existing R. pseudoacacia L. and P. tabulaeformis forest should aim at mingle forest in the stand improvement.

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