Effect of Simulate Vegetation Coverage and Surface Roughness on Hydrodynamics of Overland Flows

LIU Wenjian1; ZHANG Huilan1; 2; WANG Yujie1

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2017.06.001

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Effect of Simulate Vegetation Coverage and Surface Roughness on Hydrodynamics of Overland Flows

更新时间：2025-03-12

- Effect of Simulate Vegetation Coverage and Surface Roughness on Hydrodynamics of Overland Flows
- Vol. 31, Issue 6, Pages: 1-7(2017)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京,100083
  2. 北京林业大学，重庆缙云三峡库区森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,北京,100083
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2017.06.001
  CLC： S157.1
- Published：2017
- 稿件说明：
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LIU Wenjian1, ZHANG Huilan1, 2, et al. Effect of Simulate Vegetation Coverage and Surface Roughness on Hydrodynamics of Overland Flows[J]. 2017, 31(6): 1-7.
DOI：

LIU Wenjian1, ZHANG Huilan1, 2, et al. Effect of Simulate Vegetation Coverage and Surface Roughness on Hydrodynamics of Overland Flows[J]. 2017, 31(6): 1-7. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2017.06.001.

摘要

为研究刚性植被覆盖与地表粗糙共同作用下的坡面流水动力特性，在室内开展定床水槽冲刷试验，研究陡坡（15°）条件下10组流量（0.33～1.95 m3/h）、5种覆盖率（0，0.5%，1.0%，1.5%，2.0%）、4种不同地表粗糙度（0.01，0.18，0.25，0.38 mm）的坡面流流速、流型流态、阻力系数等变化特性。结果表明：（1）水流流速变动范围为0.06～0.59 m/s，流速与植被覆盖率和地表粗糙度呈负相关关系（r＜-0.90），当植被覆盖率增加，流速随流量增加的增幅降低；流速校正系数与植被覆盖率呈正相关关系(r＞0.75)，而与地表粗糙度呈负相关关系(r＜-0.84)；（2）所有试验条件中雷诺数处于153～910之间，流态主要集中于过渡区和虚拟层流区，流型多数处于急流区，随植被覆盖率和地表粗糙度的增加，弗劳德数逐渐小于1，具有向缓流区延伸的趋势；（3）坡面流总阻力系数与雷诺数呈幂函数关系，与地表粗糙度和植被覆盖率呈正相关关系(r＞0.81)；（4）阻力影响指数结果显示，当流量小于1.05 m3/h时，地表粗糙度在影响总阻力过程中占主导地位，反之，植被覆盖率占主导地位；通过t检验，坡面流总阻力与颗粒阻力和形态阻力线性叠加结果差异显著（p＜0.05），表明当存在颗粒阻力及形态阻力时坡面流总阻力并不能使用线性叠加原理。

Abstract

In order to study the dynamic characteristics of overland flow under the combined effects of rigid vegetation coverage and surface roughness

the hydraulic flume experiment was carried out. The experiment included 10 discharges (0.33～1.95 m3/h)

five different coverage levels (0

0.5%

1.5%

2%)

four different surface roughness levels (Ks=0.01

0.18

0.25

0.38 mm) and one angle level (15°). The results show that: (1) The flow velocity fluctuated from 0.06 to 0.59 m/s

the average flow velocity was negatively correlated with the vegetation coverage and the surface roughness. When the vegetation coverage increased

the average flow velocity which increased with the discharge would reduce the level of increase. The correction factor (α) coefficient had a positive correlation with the vegetation coverage

and a negative correlation with the surface roughness. (2) The Reynolds number ranged 153~910

the flow pattern was mainly concentrated in the transition zone and the virtual laminar zone

and the flow regime was mainly concentrated in the rapids zone. With the increases of vegetation coverage and surface roughness

the flow pattern gradually extended to the slack zone (Fr＜1). (3) The total flow resistance coefficient was exponential with Reynolds number

and positively correlated with surface roughness and vegetation coverage. (4) The influence index of resistance showed that when the flow rate was less than 1.05 m3/h

the influence of surface roughness was greater than the vegetation coverage

otherwise the vegetation coverage became into the prominence. The total resistance was significantly different with the linear superposition value of grain resistance and surface object resistance through t-test

indicating that the linear superposition could not be used to calculate the total resistance

when the grain resistance and surface object resistance existed.

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