Effect of Straw Return on the Contents of Soil Organic Carbon Fractions, Carbon Stock and Crop Yields in Hanzhong Basin

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2017.04.051

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Effect of Straw Return on the Contents of Soil Organic Carbon Fractions, Carbon Stock and Crop Yields in Hanzhong Basin

更新时间：2025-03-12

- Effect of Straw Return on the Contents of Soil Organic Carbon Fractions, Carbon Stock and Crop Yields in Hanzhong Basin
- Issue 4, Pages: 325-331(2017)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 汉中市农业科学研究所,陕西,汉中,723000
  2. ,兰州
  3. 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院，陕西杨凌,721000
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2017.04.051
  CLC：
- Published：2017
- 稿件说明：
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Effect of Straw Return on the Contents of Soil Organic Carbon Fractions, Carbon Stock and Crop Yields in Hanzhong Basin[J]. 2017, (4): 325-331.
DOI：

Effect of Straw Return on the Contents of Soil Organic Carbon Fractions, Carbon Stock and Crop Yields in Hanzhong Basin[J]. 2017, (4): 325-331. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2017.04.051.

摘要

为探索稻麦或稻油轮作制下，小麦、油菜秸秆还田对汉中盆地稻田土壤碳库组分的变化，设置小麦秸秆不还田（WSN）、小麦秸秆常规还田（WS）、小麦秸秆促腐还田（WSM）、油菜秸秆不还田（RSN）、油菜秸秆常规还田（RS）、油菜秸秆促腐还田（RSM），共6个处理，通过大田试验研究了不同秸秆类型及还田方式对稻田0—5，5—10，10—15，15—20，20—25 cm 5个土壤层次中的土壤容重、总有机碳（TOC）、活性有机碳（LOC）、活性有机碳效率（ACL）、碳储量（SCS）、碳库管理指数（CPMI）及水稻产量的影响。结果表明：秸秆还田显著降低0—15 cm土层容重，对15—25 cm并未产生显著影响。与不还田相比，秸秆还田明显增加了各层次土壤有机碳库指标含量，但TOC和LOC含量均随土壤深度的增加而减少，两者在0—15 cm土层含量较高，具有明显的表层富集现象。与不还田相比，小麦及油菜秸秆还田后可明显增加稻田0—25 cm土层中的土壤碳储量（SCS），增幅可达21.9%～23.5%和1.7%～6.7%。不同土层中的LOC、ACL、CPIM对秸秆类型的响应不同，具体表现为小麦秸秆还田（WS、WSM）对0—15 cm土层具有显著促进作用，而油菜秸秆还田（RS、RSM）对15—25 cm土层中的有显著促进作用。产量方面，秸秆促腐还田模式下（WSM、RSM）水稻产量最高，常规还田模式（WSN、RSN）次之，而不还田时产量最低。相关分析显示0—10 cm土壤活性有机碳有效率与水稻产量显著相关。秸秆还田是提高汉中盆地稻田土壤有机碳和产量较为有效的农田管理措施。两种轮作模式下，小麦秸秆全量旋耕还田更有利于固持稻田土壤有机碳和增加水稻产量增加。

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of wheat or rape straws incorporation into rice field on soil bulk density

soil nutrients

total organic carbon (TOC)

active organic carbon (LOC)

active organic carbon efficient (ACL)

organic carbon stock (SCS)

carbon management index (CPMI)

rice yield in Hanzhong basin

Shaanxi Province

China. Soil samples were collected at the depth of 0—5 cm

5—10 cm

10—15 cm

15—20 cm

and 20—25 cm soil layer. Results showed that the wheat or rape straw return significantly reduced soil bulk density in soil layer of 0—15 cm; however

wheat or rape straw return had no significant effect on soil bulk density in soil layer of 15—25 cm. Compared to the no straw return treatment

the soil organic carbon contents were significantly increased in the wheat or rape straw return treatments. Meanwhile

the soil TOC and LOC contents decreased with the increasing of soil depth in exception of soil layer in 0—15 cm

where both the contents were highest. The soil TOC had an obvious surface enrichment. The SCS content in soil layer of 0-30 cm was significantly increased by 21.9%～23.5% and 1.7%～6.7% in the wheat straw return treatments and rape straw return treatments

respectively. Compared to the rape straw return treatments

wheat straw returning significantly increased soil LOC

ACL

and CPIM in 10—15 cm soil layer; whereas

soil LOC

ACL

and CPIM in 15—25 cm soil layer in the rape straw returning treatment was higher than that in the wheat straw return treatment. Rice yield was highest in the straw returning treatment with decomposing agent than the straw returning treatment. Correlation analysis showed that rice yield positively related with the soil ACL. The straw return treatment can improve soil organic carbon

crop yield and is one of the most effective farming practices in the Hanzhong basin. Compared to the rape-rice rotation system

full wheat straw returning to field with rotary tillage significantly increased soil carbon sequestration and rice yield under the wheat- rice rotation system.

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