Response of the Nitrate Nitrogen Leaching Law to Different Water-nitrogen Management Patterns in Farmland

LI Zhen; SHI Haibin; LI Xianyue; ZHANG Zuowei

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2017.01.051

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Response of the Nitrate Nitrogen Leaching Law to Different Water-nitrogen Management Patterns in Farmland

更新时间：2025-03-12

- Response of the Nitrate Nitrogen Leaching Law to Different Water-nitrogen Management Patterns in Farmland
- Vol. 31, Issue 1, Pages: 310-317(2017)
- 作者机构：
  
  内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,呼和浩特,010018
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2017.01.051
  CLC： S158.5
- Published：2017
- 稿件说明：
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LI Zhen, SHI Haibin, LI Xianyue, et al. Response of the Nitrate Nitrogen Leaching Law to Different Water-nitrogen Management Patterns in Farmland[J]. 2017, 31(1): 310-317.
DOI：

LI Zhen, SHI Haibin, LI Xianyue, et al. Response of the Nitrate Nitrogen Leaching Law to Different Water-nitrogen Management Patterns in Farmland[J]. 2017, 31(1): 310-317. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2017.01.051.

摘要

农田氮素损失是造成农业非点源污染的主要原因之一。而过量的施氮和灌水又是引发农田氮素损失的2个重要因素。为探明不同水氮运筹对淋溶水中NO3--N时空分布特征以及2因素对NO3--N淋失量的影响，进而制定安全有效的水氮运筹模式。试验采用裂区设计，主区为灌水定额，设置3个水平，分别为525（W1），750（W2），975（W3） m3/hm2。副区为施氮量，设置5个水平，分别为0（N0），80（N1），160（N2），240（N3），320（N4） kg/hm2。每个灌水定额下有5种施氮量处理，共15个处理。并于2014年、2015年连续2年进行田间试验。采用多空PVC法和土钻法采集水样和土样，测定淋溶水中NO3--N浓度并计算NO3--N淋失量。0—40 cm埋深内，对比第1次灌水前后NO3--N浓度发现，随着施氮量的增加，W1水平下NO3--N浓度两年的平均增幅远低于W2和W3水平下NO3--N浓度2年的平均增幅。随着灌水定额的增加，N1、N2水平下的NO3--N浓度平均增幅远低于N3、N4水平下的NO3--N浓度平均增幅。NO3--N浓度平均增幅最大的为52.5%的W3N3。NO3--N浓度平均值最高的为8.29 mg/L的W3N4。与0—40 cm埋深内的各处理相比，40—80 cm埋深的各处理NO3--N浓度整体下降，但整个生育期内淋溶水中NO3--N浓度的变化趋势与0—40 cm埋深内相一致。80—120 cm埋深内，施氮量、灌水定额以及两者的交互作用对NO3--N淋失量的影响呈极显著。当灌水定额一定时，2014年、2015年2年的NO3--N淋失量随着施氮量增加而递增，淋失率随着施氮量的增加而减少；当施氮量一定时，NO3--N淋失量及淋失率均随着灌溉定额的增加而递增。鉴于根层内需要充足的NO3--N以被作物吸收，并保证NO3--N淋失量对地下水的污染在可控安全范围内，故推荐W2N3为适用于当地的水氮运筹模式。

Abstract

The nitrogen loss in farmland was one of the main reasons which led to agricultural non-point source pollution. The excessive nitrogen application rate and irrigation quota were two significant factors which led to the nitrogen loss in farmland. This research would be helpful to figure out the temporal-spatial distribution features of NO3--N in leaching water and the influence of two factors on NO3--N leaching loss with different water and nitrogen management patterns. Then made a safe and effective water-nitrogen management pattern. The experiment used a completely random split plot design method. The main plot was irrigation quota with three levels (W1: 525 m3/hm2

W2: 750 m3/hm2

W3: 975 m3/hm2). The split plot was nitrogen application with five levels (N0: 0 kg/hm2

N1: 80 kg/hm2

N2: 160 kg/hm2

N3: 240 kg/hm2

N4: 320 kg/hm2). Every irrigation quota had five treatments with different nitrogen application rate. There were fifteen treatments in total. The field experiment was carried out in 2014

2015. Adopted the methods of porous PVC and soil auger to collect water and soil samples. Measured the concentration of NO3--N in leaching water and calculated the leaching loss of NO3--N. With the increase of nitrogen application

the two years’ average increase of NO3--N concentration by W1 was far below the two years’ average increase of NO3--N concentration by W2 and W3 within the soil depth of 0—40 cm. With the increase of irrigation quota

the average increase of NO3--N concentration by N1 and N2 were far below the average increase of NO3--N concentration by N3 and N4 within the soil depth of 0—40 cm. The largest average increase of NO3--N concentration was 52.5% which belonged to W3N3. The highest average concentration was 8.29 mg/L which belonged to W3N4. Compared with the treatments in 0—40 cm soil depth

the NO3--N concentration of treatments showed the overall declination within the soil depth of 40—80 cm. But the change trend of NO3--N concentration was consistent with the soil depth of 0—40 cm. Within the soil depth of 80—120 cm

the leaching loss of NO3--N was significantly influenced by the nitrogen application

irrigation quota

and the interaction of those two elements. When the irrigation quota was constant

the NO3--N leaching loss of 2014

2015 would increase with the increase of nitrogen application. The NO3--N leaching rate of 2014

2015 would decrease with the increase of nitrogen application. When the nitrogen application was constant

the NO3--N leaching loss and NO3--N leaching rate of 2014

2015 would increase with the increase of irrigation quota. The crop needed sufficient NO3--N to absorb in root layer. The pollution of NO3--N leaching loss on the groundwater should be controlled in the safety range. Considering the two aspects above

this research recommended the W2N3 as the best water-nitrogen management pattern for experimental region.

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