Effect of Different Soil Management Measures on Controlling Soil Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss from Slop Farmland

YU Yali1; SHI Dongmei2; JIANG Ping1

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2017.01.006

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Effect of Different Soil Management Measures on Controlling Soil Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss from Slop Farmland

更新时间：2025-03-12

- Effect of Different Soil Management Measures on Controlling Soil Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss from Slop Farmland
- Vol. 31, Issue 1, Pages: 30-36(2017)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 重庆市水利电力建筑勘测设计研究院,重庆,400020
  2. 西南大学资源环境学院，西南大学水土保持生态环境研究所,重庆,400715
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2017.01.006
  CLC： S157.1
- Published：2017
- 稿件说明：
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YU Yali1, SHI Dongmei2, JIANG Ping1. Effect of Different Soil Management Measures on Controlling Soil Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss from Slop Farmland[J]. 2017, 31(1): 30-36.
DOI：

YU Yali1, SHI Dongmei2, JIANG Ping1. Effect of Different Soil Management Measures on Controlling Soil Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss from Slop Farmland[J]. 2017, 31(1): 30-36. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2017.01.006.

摘要

为有效防治紫色丘陵区坡耕地水土流失和面源污染，采用径流小区定位观测法研究不同土壤管理措施下坡耕地产流产沙、养分流失及作物产量特征，进一步揭示生物炭、聚丙酰胺和玉米秸秆覆盖措施对紫色土坡耕地氮磷养分流失的控制效应。结果表明：（1）与背景值相比，土壤养分含量增幅表现为SM（玉米秸秆覆盖）＞PAM（聚丙酰胺）＞BC（生物炭），表明玉米秸秆覆盖措施改善土壤养分效果最优，其次为聚丙烯酰胺。（2）不同土壤管理措施控制地表产流产沙的效应均表现为SM＞PAM＞BC。BC、PAM、SM措施产流量分别减少0.00%～54.55%，0.00%～85.79%，0.00%～92.39%，产沙量分别减少2.67%～47.78%，5.87%～77.90%，11.47%～90.17%。在中、大雨条件下保护措施减流减沙效应显著，而暴雨、大暴雨可削弱减流减沙效益。（3）不同土壤管理措施控制氮素流失效应大小为SM＞PAM＞BC。与对照相比，在中、大雨条件下，全氮流失量降低16.24%～76.29%，水解氮流失量降低6.21%～81.93%；而在暴雨、大暴雨条件下，全氮流失量分别减少（－11.74%）～11.99%；水解氮流失量则分别降低（－9.87%）～17.39%。表明玉米秸秆覆盖措施控制氮素流失效果最佳。（4）不同土壤管理措施控制磷素流失的效应差异明显。在中、大雨条件下，BC、PAM和SM控制全磷流失效应显著（15%～81.44%），而在暴雨、大暴雨条件下其效应削弱（（－6.68%）～10.98%）；与对照相比，不同土壤管理措施对玉米籽粒增产效应为SM（29.43%）＞PAM（19.01%）＞BC（12.66%）。生物炭、聚丙酰胺和玉米秸秆覆盖措施均可有效控制坡耕地土壤养分流失，其中玉米秸秆覆盖措施控制效应最佳。

Abstract

To effectively control soil erosion and non-point source pollution of slope-farmland in purple hilly

the paper mainly studied the effect of different conservation measures on runoff

sediment and nutrient loss at natural rainfall conditions and crop yield of slope farmland by runoff plots location observation method

which deeply revealed the effect of biological carbon

poly propylene amide and straw mulching measures on controlling soil nutrient loss from slope farmland. Results indicated that: (1)Compared with the background value

the increase of soil nutrient content showed as SM (straw mulching)>PAM (polyacrylamide)>BC (biological carbon)

which indicated that the corn straw mulching measures could improve soil nutrient best

followed by polyacrylamide. (2)The effects of different soil management measures to control the runoff and sediment yield changed in order as SM>PAM>BC. Measures of BC

PAM

SM could reduce runoff 0.00%-54.55%

0.00%~85.79%

0.00%~92.39%

respectively

and the amount of sediment yield decreased by 2.67%~47.78%

5.87%~77.90%

11.47%~90.17%. In the medium and heavy rain

the effect of protective measures on reducing runoff and sediment was significant

but it was waked in rainstorm. (3)The effect of soil management measures on controlling nitrogen loss was in order as SM>PAM>BC. Compared with CK

under medium and heavy rain conditions

the total nitrogen loss of protection measures was reduced by 16.24%~76.29%

and hydrolytic nitrogen loss was reduced by 6.21%~81.93%; under the rainstorm condition

nitrogen loss was reduced by （-11.74%）~11.99%; hydrolytic nitrogen loss was reduced by （-9.87%）~17.39%. The results showed that corn straw mulching was the best method to control nitrogen loss. (4)The effect of different soil management measures on controlling the phosphorus loss was different. Protective measures of BC

PAM and SM under middle and heavy rain conditions could control total phosphorus loss effectively (15.00%~81.44%)

and the effect weakened ((-6.68%)~10.98%) under rainstorm condition. Compared with CK

the effect of protection measures on increasing corn grain yield was in order as SM (29.43%)>PAM (19.01%)>BC (12.66%). The soil management measures of biological carbon

polyacrylamide and straw mulching controlled soil nutrient loss from slope farmland effectively

and straw mulching measure controlled the best.

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