Cycle Characters of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Kalium of Crop-Fruit Ecosystem in Loess Plateau

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Cycle Characters of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Kalium of Crop-Fruit Ecosystem in Loess Plateau

更新时间：2024-11-07

- Cycle Characters of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Kalium of Crop-Fruit Ecosystem in Loess Plateau
- Issue 6, Pages: 79-83(2006)
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- Published：2006
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Cycle Characters of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Kalium of Crop-Fruit Ecosystem in Loess Plateau[J]. 2006, (6): 79-83.
DOI：

Cycle Characters of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Kalium of Crop-Fruit Ecosystem in Loess Plateau[J]. 2006, (6): 79-83. DOI：

摘要

农业生态系统营养物质的循环分析是人们认识系统功能、进行人工凋控与提高系统生产力和保持其持续性的主要依据之一。通过在黄土高原中南部的延安市宝塔区的飞马河村、南沟村和淳化县的西坡村3村的定位观测与调查，分析了植物营养元素和复合系统营养元素的循环特征，结果表明：（1）植物对N、K的吸收量均高于P，而土壤中三者的贮量表现为K〉P〉N。不同植物对N、P、K的吸收量是不同的，总体来说作物对营养元素的吸收量要高于果树。不同植物N、P、K的归还量也不同，总的规律是果树比作物更有利于土壤N素的归还。营养元素N、P、K的周转期．果树均表现为N周转最快．而作物除油菜表现为P周转最快外，小麦、谷子、玉米均表现为K周转最快。（2）农果复合系统内营养元素N、P、K的循环系数表现为飞马河村〉南沟村〉西坡村，周转期表现为南沟村〈飞马河村〈西坡村，这主要是由于各村植物种植结构的不同造成。N和K的循环特点为吸收量、留存量和归还量均较P高。

Abstract

Analyzing nutrient elements cycle of agricultural ecosystem is one of the principal bases for people to understand its functions

carry out artificial regulation to raise productivity and keep durative of the system.Through located observation and investigation of 3 villages

in the middle-south Loess Plateau

Feimahe and Nangou of Baota District in Yan'an municipality as well as Xipo of Chunhua county

the writers analyzed plant nutrient cycles and system's nutrient cycle.Results show:(1)Absorptions of N and K by plants are more than that of P while storage of the three elements in soil manifests K>P>N.Absorption of N

P and K varies from plant to plant

and generally speaking absorption of the elements by crops is more than that by fruit trees.N

P and K return quantities change from plant to plant

and general law is that fruit tree is more propitious to the return of soil N compared to crops.Referring to the turnover period of N

P and K

fruit tree shows that N turns over fastest while crops wheat

millet and corn manifest that K turns over quickest except rape acquits that P does fastest.(2)Cycling coefficients of nutrients N

P and K in the crop-fruit ecosystem are Feimahe village>Nangou village>Xipo village

and turnover periods are Nangou

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