西南林业大学 水土保持学院,昆明 650224
刘俊枫(2003—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事气候变化研究。E-mail: 15971935687@163.com
吴利华(1981—),男,博士,副教授,主要从事寒区水文与气候变化研究。E-mail: wulhmail@163.com
收稿:2026-04-23,
修回:2026-05-14,
录用:2026-05-22,
网络首发:2026-09-05,
纸质出版:2026-10-28
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刘俊枫,吴利华,吴坤德,等.滇东南岩溶区极端气候变化特征及其与大气环流的关系[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(5):80-94.
Liu Junfeng, Wu Lihua, Wu Kunde, et al. Characteristics of extreme climate change in karst region of Southeastern Yunnan and their relationship with atmospheric circulation[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2026,40(5):80-94.
刘俊枫,吴利华,吴坤德,等.滇东南岩溶区极端气候变化特征及其与大气环流的关系[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(5):80-94. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.05.034. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.05.034.
Liu Junfeng, Wu Lihua, Wu Kunde, et al. Characteristics of extreme climate change in karst region of Southeastern Yunnan and their relationship with atmospheric circulation[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2026,40(5):80-94. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.05.034. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.05.034.
目的
2
旨在探究滇东南岩溶区极端气候的变化特征及成因。
方法
2
基于滇东南岩溶区内的16个气象站点1969—2018年的日最高气温、最低气温和降水量,选取12个极端气候指数,采用线性倾向估计、Mann-Kendall突变检验、Morlet复小波分析、反距离权重插值、Pearson相关分析、相干小波和交叉小波变换的方法分析该区极端气候指数的时空变化特征及其与大气环流因子之间的关系。
结果
2
1)1969—2018年滇东南岩溶区年平均气温呈上升趋势,年总降水量呈下降趋势,极端气温暖指数呈上升趋势,冷指数呈下降趋势,大部分极端降水指数呈下降趋势,降水强度(SDII)呈缓慢上升趋势。极端气温和降水指数大部分突变点集中在20世纪80年代至21世纪初,极端气温指数存在1~5个周期,介于5~25 a;极端降水指数存在3~5个周期,介于4~31 a。2)极端气温暖指数在研究区西南部上升更为明显,极端气温冷指数中冷夜日数(TN10p)、冷昼日数(TX10p)在西南部下降更为明显,霜冻日数(FD0)在北部下降更为明显,极端降水指数在研究区西南部下降更为明显。3)大气环流因子与滇东南岩溶区极端气候指数存在多个显著振荡周期,大西洋多年代际振荡(AMO)对滇东南岩溶区极端气候指数影响最大,AMO与滇东南岩溶区极端气温暖指数呈同相位的变化,冷指数呈负相位的变化,大部分降水指数呈负相位的变化关系,AMO对研究区东北部和西南部极端降水影响显著。
结论
2
滇东南岩溶区呈暖干化趋势,区域极端气候的变化受大气环流的调控,不同环流因子对滇东南岩溶区极端气候的影响存在差异性。
Objective
2
This study aims to investigate the characteristics and causes of extreme climate change in the karst region of southeastern Yunnan.
Methods
2
Based on daily maximum temperature, minimum temperature, and precipitation data from 16 meteorological stations in the karst region of southeastern Yunnan during 1969-2018, twelve extreme climate indices were selected. Linear tendency estimation, Mann-Kendall mutation test, Morlet complex wavelet analysis, inverse distance weighting interpolation, Pearson correlation analysis, and cross-wavelet and coherence wavelet transform analysis were employed to analyze the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of extreme climate indices and their relationships with atmospheric circulation factors.
Results
2
1) From 1969 to 2018, the annual mean temperature showed an increasing trend, while the annual total precipitation exhibited a decreasing trend. The extreme warm temperature indices presented an upward trend, and the extreme cold temperature indices displayed a downward trend in the karst region of southeast Yunnan, respectively. Most extreme precipitation indices showed decreasing trends, while the precipitation intensity (SDII) exhibited a slight increasing trend. Most of the abrupt change points for extreme temperature and precipitation indices were concentrated between the 1980s and the early 2000s. The extreme temperature indices exhibited 1-5 cycles with periods of 5-25 years, whereas the extreme precipitation indices showed 3-5 cycles with periods of 4-31 years. 2) The extreme warm temperature indices increased more evidently in the southwestern part of the study area. Among the extreme cold temperature indices, the cold night days (TN10p) and cold days (TX10p) decreased more markedly in the southwest, while frost days (FD0) showed a more pronounced decreasing trend in the northern part. Similarly, the extreme precipitation indices also exhibited a prominent decreasing trend in the southwestern study area. 3) Multiple significant oscillation periods existed between atmospheric circulation factors and extreme climate indices in the karst region of southeastern Yunnan. The Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) had the greatest influence on the extreme climate indices in this region. The AMO exhibits an in phase relationship with the extreme warm temperature indices, a negative relationship with the extreme cold temperature indices, and a negative relationship with most precipitation indices, respectively. Furthermore, the AMO significantly influenced extreme precipitation in the northeastern and southwestern parts of the study area.
Conclusion
2
The karst region of southeastern Yunnan exhibits a warming and drying trend. The changes in regional extreme climate are regulated by atmospheric circulation, and the impacts of different circulation factors on the extreme climate in this region are heterogeneous.
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