1.太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院,太原 030024
2.山西省三门峡库区管理中心,山西 运城 044000
余杭(2000—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤侵蚀与水土保持研究。E-mail:2023510519@link.tyut.edu.cn
付兴涛(1982—),女,博士,硕士生导师,主要从事土壤侵蚀与水土保持、生态水文等研究。E-mail:fuxingtao@tyut.edu.cn
收稿:2026-04-10,
修回:2026-05-08,
录用:2026-05-14,
网络首发:2026-09-02,
纸质出版:2026-10-28
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余杭,胡德玉,付兴涛,等.水位波动与降雨作用下黄河潼三段岸坡稳定性与变形响应[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(5):314-323.
Yu Hang, Hu Deyu, Fu Xingtao, et al. Stability and deformation response of bank slope in Tongguan-Sanmenxia section of Yellow River under water level fluctuations and rainfall[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2026,40(5):314-323.
余杭,胡德玉,付兴涛,等.水位波动与降雨作用下黄河潼三段岸坡稳定性与变形响应[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(5):314-323. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.05.030. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.05.030.
Yu Hang, Hu Deyu, Fu Xingtao, et al. Stability and deformation response of bank slope in Tongguan-Sanmenxia section of Yellow River under water level fluctuations and rainfall[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2026,40(5):314-323. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.05.030. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.05.030.
目的
2
以黄河潼三段山西侧库岸边坡为研究对象,探讨水位波动与降雨共同作用下自然岸坡与工程防护岸坡的稳定性及变形响应机制。
方法
2
基于GeoStudio有限元模拟平台,集成SEEP/W、SLOPE/W和SIGMA/W模块,构建渗流-水压-位移耦合模型;结合野外原位监测的位移、入渗及降雨数据,对模型在黄河中游库岸侵蚀研究中的适用性进行验证。
结果
2
所建立的耦合模型具有良好适用性;自然岸坡对水位波动的响应更为敏感,稳定性变化幅度显著大于工程防护岸坡,在降雨与水位下降共同作用72 h后安全系数降至0.827,处于失稳状态,而工程防护岸坡安全系数为1.036,处于欠稳定状态;工程防护措施可显著抑制岸坡变形,自然岸坡最大水平位移为396.26 mm,远高于工程防护岸坡的42.28 mm;岸坡变形受降雨量与水位下降速率共同调控,当日降雨量超过100 mm且水位下降速率达1.00 m/d时,累计水平位移由“渐进式”增长转变为“阶跃式”跃升。
结论
2
水位波动与降雨共同作用显著削弱库岸边坡稳定性,相关性分析可知降雨的影响更为显著;工程防护措施能够有效提高岸坡稳定性并抑制变形发展,研究成果可为黄河中游库岸边坡防护提供科学依据。
Objective
2
Taking the reservoir bank slope on the Shanxi side of the Tongguan-Sanmenxia section of the Yellow River as the study object, this study investigates the stability and deformation response mechanisms of natural bank slope and engineering-protected bank the slope under the combined action of water level fluctuations and rainfall.
Methods
2
Based on the GeoStudio finite element simulation platform, the SEEP/W, SLOPE/W, and SIGMA/W modules were integrated to construct a coupled seepage-water pressure-displacement model. Combined with field in-situ monitoring data on displacement, infiltration, and rainfall, the applicability of the model in reservoir bank erosion studies in the middle reaches of the Yellow River was verified.
Results
2
The established coupled model showed good applicability. Natural bank slope was more sensitive to water level fluctuations, and their stability variation was significantly greater than that of engineering-protected bank slopes. After 72 h under the combined action of rainfall and water level decline, the safety factor of the natural bank slope decreased to 0.827, indicating instability, whereas the safety factor of the engineering-protected bank slope was 1.036, indicating a marginally stable state. Engineering protection measures could significantly inhibit bank slope deformation. The maximum horizontal displacement of the natural bank slope was 396.26 mm, much higher than the 42.28 mm of the engineering-protected bank slope. Bank slope deformation was jointly controlled by rainfall amount and water level decline rate. When daily rainfall amount exceeded 100 mm and the water level decline rate reached 1.00 m/d, the cumulative horizontal displacement transitioned from gradual growth to stepwise increase.
Conclusion
2
The combined effect of water level fluctuations and rainfall significantly weakens reservoir bank slope stability, and correlation analysis shows that rainfall has a more significant impact. Engineering protection measures can effectively improve bank slope stability and inhibit deformation development. The findings can provide a scientific basis for reservoir bank slope protection in the middle reaches of the Yellow River.
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