1.兰州财经大学经济学院,兰州 730000
2.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院干旱区生态安全与;可持续发展重点实验室临泽内陆河流域研究站,兰州 730000
朱前涛(1984—),男,博士,教授,主要从事自然资源管理研究。E-mail: zhuqt@lzufe.edu.cn
收稿:2026-04-13,
修回:2026-05-06,
录用:2026-05-13,
网络首发:2026-08-18,
纸质出版:2026-10-28
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朱前涛,刘人宁,杨荣.基于Super-SBM与GTWR的长江流域农业水资源效率时空格局、空间关联网络及驱动因素[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(5):375-389.
Zhu Qiantao, Liu Renning, Yang Rong. Spatiotemporal patterns, spatial association network, and driving factors of agricultural water resource efficiency in the Yangtze River basin based on super-SBM and GTWR[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2026,40(5):375-389.
朱前涛,刘人宁,杨荣.基于Super-SBM与GTWR的长江流域农业水资源效率时空格局、空间关联网络及驱动因素[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(5):375-389. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.05.029. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.05.029.
Zhu Qiantao, Liu Renning, Yang Rong. Spatiotemporal patterns, spatial association network, and driving factors of agricultural water resource efficiency in the Yangtze River basin based on super-SBM and GTWR[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2026,40(5):375-389. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.05.029. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.05.029.
目的
2
提升农业水资源效率是保障长江流域粮食安全、推动农业绿色转型与水土保持高质量发展的关键。从时空格局、空间关联网络与时空异质性视角,揭示农业水资源效率分异特征及驱动因素,为流域农业节水、水土流失防控与水资源协同配置提供科学依据。
方法
2
以长江流域6个粮食主产省的64个地级市2014—2023年面板数据为样本,采用超效率Super-SBM模型对农业水资源效率进行测算,运用修正引力模型与社会网络分析刻画有向非对称空间关联结构,通过时空地理加权回归识别影响因素的时空非平稳性。
结果
2
1)农业水资源效率平均值由0.529升至0.801,呈“上游>下游>中游”格局,高效率集聚于四川盆地与下游沿江平原,低效率集中于中游山地丘陵区,与水土流失高风险区高度重叠。2)空间关联网络密度由0.105降至0.097,网络等级度下降、网络效率上升,结构趋于扁平化与多中心化,徐州、合肥为核心枢纽,怀化、娄底、池州等长期处于边缘。3)各影响因素存在明显的时空异质性,回归结果均通过5%显著性水平检验。其中年降雨量、农田有效灌溉率回归系数整体呈负向效应,人均GDP、农作物种植结构、人口素质和财政支农回归系数呈正向驱动。
结论
2
长江流域农业水资源效率持续提升但区域分化突出,空间网络呈“核心-边缘”结构,中游山区为水资源效率与水土保持双重短板区。未来应强化中游水土保持与节水改造协同,提升边缘城市网络嵌入能力,推动流域水资源高效协同利用。
Objective
2
Improving agricultural water resource efficiency is critical to ensuring food security, promoting green agricultural transformation, and achieving high-quality soil and water conservation in the Yangtze River Basin. This study reveals the differentiation characteristics and driving factors of agricultural water resource efficiency from the perspectives of spatiotemporal patterns, spatial association networks, and spatiotemporal heterogeneity, providing scientific support for agricultural water saving, soil erosion control, and coordinated water allocation.
Methods
2
Using panel data of 64 prefecture-level cities across six provinces in the Yangtze River basin from 2014 to 2023, the Super-SBM model was employed to measure agricultural water resource efficiency. A modified gravity model and social network analysis were used to characterize the directed asymmetric spatial association structure, and geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) was applied to identify the spatiotemporal non-stationarity of influencing factors.
Results
2
1) The average agricultural water resource efficiency increased from 0.529 in 2014 to 0.801 in 2023, exhibiting a pattern of "upstream>downstream>midstream". High-efficiency areas were clustered in the Sichuan basin and the lower Yangtze River plain, while low-efficiency areas were concentrated in the midstream hilly and mountainous regions, which largely overlapped with high-risk zones of soil erosion. 2) The density of the spatial association network decreased from 0.105 to 0.097, while network hierarchy decreased and network efficiency increased, indicating a flatter, more polycentric structure. Xuzhou and Hefei served as core hubs, whereas Huaihua, Loudi, and Chizhou remained persistent peripheries. 3) All influencing factors exhibited obvious spatiotemporal heterogeneity, and all regression results passed the 5% significance level test. Specifically, annual precipitation and the effective irrigation ratio showed negative effects, while per capita GDP, crop structure, population quality, and fiscal support for agriculture exerted positive effects.
Conclusion
2
Agricultural water resource efficiency in the Yangtze River basin has improved steadily, but regional disparities remain prominent, with a core-periphery structure in the spatial network. The midstream mountainous region is a dual weak area for both water use efficiency and soil and water conservation. Future efforts should strengthen the synergy between soil conservation and water-saving retrofitting in the midstream, enhance the network embedding capacity of peripheral cities, and promote efficient and coordinated utilization of water resources across the basin.
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