1.宁夏大学生态环境学院,银川 750021
2.宁夏大学西北退化生态系统恢复与重建教育部重点实验室,银川 750021
张瑞瑞(2000—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事生态系统生态学研究。E-mail:zhangrr1128@163.com
杜灵通(1980—),男,博士,研究员,主要从事资源环境遥感研究。E-mail:dult80@qq.com
收稿:2026-03-22,
修回:2026-04-29,
录用:2026-05-07,
网络首发:2026-08-17,
纸质出版:2026-10-28
移动端阅览
张瑞瑞,杜灵通,姜旭阳,等.宁夏沿黄绿洲小麦-玉米间作农田生态系统碳循环特征及调控机制[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(5):277-291.
Zhang Ruirui, Du Lingtong, Jiang Xuyang, et al. Characteristics and regulation mechanisms of carbon cycling in a wheat-maize intercropping farmland ecosystem in Yellow River Oasis of Ningxia[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2026,40(5):277-291.
张瑞瑞,杜灵通,姜旭阳,等.宁夏沿黄绿洲小麦-玉米间作农田生态系统碳循环特征及调控机制[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(5):277-291. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.05.028. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.05.028.
Zhang Ruirui, Du Lingtong, Jiang Xuyang, et al. Characteristics and regulation mechanisms of carbon cycling in a wheat-maize intercropping farmland ecosystem in Yellow River Oasis of Ningxia[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2026,40(5):277-291. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.05.028. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.05.028.
目的
2
农田减排固碳是“双碳”战略背景下的重要发展方向,但干旱绿洲农田生态系统碳循环特征及其环境调控机制尚缺乏充足的认识,阻碍了干旱区农田生态系统碳汇的科学评估。
方法
2
以宁夏沿黄绿洲农田为例,基于涡度相关系统开展连续2 a的通量观测,分析该生态系统多时间尺度的碳循环特征,利用随机森林模型(RF)、结构方程模型(SEM)和Michaelis-Menten模型等研究碳循环关键过程对环境因子的响应机制。
结果
2
1)小麦-玉米间作农田生态系统年净生态系统碳交换(NEE)在-286.29~-223.42 g/(m
2
·a)(以C计),生长季强烈的光合固碳过程显著超过呼吸碳排放,从生态系统年尺度的碳循环来看,其表现出一定的碳吸收能力。2)生长季的NEE日动态呈“U”形特征,显著受总初级生产力(GPP)的倒“U”形日内过程控制,但生态系统呼吸(Reco)的日内波动较小,且对NEE影响不大。3)土壤含水量(SWC)和光合有效辐射(PAR)影响光合固碳强弱,适宜的SWC和PAR使光合固碳增强,SWC和土壤温度(
T
s
)驱动呼吸碳排放大小。4)气候干湿变化显著调控干旱绿洲农田碳循环过程,降水偏低与气温偏高的气候异常导致饱和水汽压差(VPD)升高和SWC降低,通过生物物理因子的直接和间接耦联途径影响碳通量各组分,最终抑制生态系统的碳汇能力。
结论
2
PAR、SWC、
T
s
等生物物理因子及气候干湿变化,通过直接与间接耦合作用共同调控干旱绿洲农田生态系统碳循环与碳汇能力,明晰干旱绿洲间作农田碳汇关键影响机制,为干旱绿洲区的农业减排固碳提供基础科学依据。
Objective
2
Farmland emission reduction and carbon sequestration are important development directions under the "dual carbon" strategy. However, the carbon cycling characteristics of arid oasis farmland ecosystems and their environmental regulation mechanisms remain insufficiently understood, limiting the scientific assessment of ecosystem carbon sinks in arid regions.
Methods
2
Using farmland in the Yellow River oasis of Ningxia as an example, two consecutive years of flux observations were conducted based on an eddy covariance system to analyze the carbon cycling characteristics of this ecosystem at multiple time scales. Random forest (RF), structural equation modeling (SEM), and Michaelis-Menten models were then used to investigate the response mechanisms of key carbon cycling processes to environmental factors.
Results
2
1) The annual net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of the wheat-maize intercropping farmland ecosystem ranged from -286.29 to -223.42 g/(m
2
·a) (as C). During the growing season, strong photosynthetic carbon fixation significantly exceeded respiratory carbon emissions, indicating that the ecosystem had a certain carbon absorption capacity on an annual scale. 2) The diurnal dynamics of NEE during the growing season showed a U-shaped pattern and were significantly controlled by the inverted U-shaped diurnal variation of gross primary productivity (GPP), whereas ecosystem respiration (Reco) showed relatively small diurnal fluctuations and had limited influence on NEE. 3) Soil water content (SWC) and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) affected the magnitude of photosynthetic carbon fixation, with appropriate SWC and PAR enhancing photosynthetic carbon fixation. SWC and soil temperature (
T
s
) drove the magnitude of respiratory carbon emissions. 4) Climatic wet-dry variations significantly regulated the carbon cycling processes of arid oasis farmland. Climate anomalies characterized by lower precipitation and higher temperatures increased vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and decreased SWC, thereby affecting different carbon flux components through direct and indirect coupling pathways of biophysical factors and ultimately suppressing ecosystem carbon sink capacity.
Conclusion
2
Biophysical factors such as PAR, SWC, and
T
s
, together with climatic wet-dry variations, jointly regulate carbon cycling and carbon sink capacity in arid oasis farmland ecosystems through direct and indirect coupling pathways. This study clarifies the key influencing mechanisms of carbon sinks in wheat-maize intercropping farmland in arid oasis regions and provides a scientific basis for agricultural carbon emission reduction and carbon sequestration in arid oasis regions.
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