1.西华师范大学地理科学学院,四川 南充 637009
2.干热河谷土壤侵蚀监测与控制;四川省工程研究中心,四川 南充 637009
李清桃(2002—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤侵蚀研究。E-mail: liqingtao540@163.com
白雷超(1990—),男,博士,讲师,主要从事流域侵蚀产沙及数字地形地貌研究。E-mail: beleit@163.com
收稿:2026-04-02,
修回:2026-04-27,
录用:2026-05-06,
网络首发:2026-05-21,
纸质出版:2026-10-28
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李清桃,白雷超,罗明良,等.元谋干热河谷区侵蚀沟内部泥沙连通性空间分异[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(5):35-46.
Li Qingtao, Bai Leichao, Luo Mingliang, et al. Spatial variation of sediment connectivity within gullies in the Yuanmou dry-hot valley region[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2026,40(5):35-46.
李清桃,白雷超,罗明良,等.元谋干热河谷区侵蚀沟内部泥沙连通性空间分异[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(5):35-46. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.05.026. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.05.026.
Li Qingtao, Bai Leichao, Luo Mingliang, et al. Spatial variation of sediment connectivity within gullies in the Yuanmou dry-hot valley region[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2026,40(5):35-46. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.05.026. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.05.026.
目的
2
侵蚀沟发育过程的定量刻画是土壤侵蚀研究的重要内容,传统地貌形态指标虽然能划分沟道演化阶段,却难以揭示其内部泥沙输移过程的差异性。为解析同一发育阶段侵蚀沟在泥沙连通性上的空间分异特征,探究其内部演化机制与空间格局。
方法
2
以元谋干热河谷为研究区,提取90条侵蚀沟并基于面积高程积分(hypsometric integral, HI)划分其发育阶段,并选择其中18条典型侵蚀沟,在HI划分发育阶段的基础上,引入泥沙连通性指数(index of connectivity, IC)并结合景观格局指数[香农多样性指数(SHDI)、蔓延度指数(CONTAG)、聚集度指数(AI)、斑块密度(PD)和最大斑块指数(LPI)]进行聚类分析,识别不同类型侵蚀沟的泥沙连通性空间格局,并结合野外调查的地形、植被等要素探讨其影响机制。
结果
2
1)90条侵蚀沟的HI为0.35~0.68,其中,HI≥0.60、0.35<HI<0.60、HI≤0.35侵蚀沟数量分别为8(8.89%)、82(91.11%)、0,研究区的侵蚀沟发育阶段主要处于壮年期。2)基于IC空间分布特征与景观格局指数聚类结果,可将18条典型侵蚀沟分为3类:斑块型IC值呈斑块状并集中于沟坡区域,与地形起伏和植被覆盖差异密切相关;点状型IC值表现为点状分散分布、空间破碎度高,主要受土林地貌的影响;递减型IC值呈现沿沟道纵向梯度递减的趋势并且IC高值集中于沟口及沟底位置,主要与沟道形态及植被覆盖相关。3)3种类型在景观聚集度(AI)、斑块密度(PD)等景观格局指数上存在显著差异,反映侵蚀沟内部泥沙“源-汇”格局与输移动态的空间分异,且地形因子(坡度、裂点等)与植被覆盖显著影响IC空间格局。
结论
2
基于泥沙连通性指数的空间分异特征,可识别不同侵蚀沟集水区内部泥沙输移潜力的空间格局,弥补单一形态指标(HI)在刻画元谋干热河谷地区侵蚀沟动态演化过程中的不足。研究结果为干热河谷区侵蚀沟发育空间分异特征研究提供新的视角。
Objective
2
Quantitative characterization of the development process of erosion gullies is a key aspect of soil erosion research. While traditional landform indices can classify the evolutionary stages of gullies, they struggle to reveal the differences in internal sediment transport processes. To analyze the spatial variation in sediment connectivity among erosion gullies at the same developmental stage and to investigate their internal evolutionary mechanisms and spatial patterns.
Methods
2
Taking the Yuanmou dry-hot valley as the study area, 90 erosion gullies were selected and their developmental stages were classified based on the hypsometric integral (HI). Eighteen typical erosion gullies were further selected. Building upon the HI-based classification of developmental stages, the sediment connectivity index (IC) was introduced and combined with landscape pattern indices including Shannon diversity index (SHDI), contagion index (CONTAG), aggregation index (AI), patch density (PD), and largest patch index (LPI) to conduct cluster analysis, aiming to identify the spatial patterns of sediment connectivity for different types of erosion gullies. The influencing mechanisms were explored in combination with topographic and vegetation factors acquired from field surveys.
Results
2
1) The HI values of the 90 erosion gullies ranged from 0.35 to 0.68. Specifically, the number of gullies with HI≥0.60, 0.35<HI<0.60, and HI≤0.35 was 8 (8.89%), 82 (91.11%), and 0, respectively. The development stages of erosion gullies in the study area were primarily in the mature stage. 2) Based on the spatial distribution characteristics of IC and the clustering results of landscape pattern indices, the 18 typical erosion gullies can be classified into three categories: Patch-type: IC values exhibit a patch pattern and are concentrated in gully slope areas, closely related to topographic undulations and variations in vegetation cover. The point-type exhibits IC values distributed in a scattered, point-like pattern with high spatial fragmentation, primarily influenced by the topography of soil forest; The decreasing-type shows a trend of IC values decreasing along a longitudinal gradient within the gully, with high IC values concentrated at the gully mouth and bottom, primarily related to gully morphology and vegetation cover. 3) Significant differences exist among the three types in landscape pattern indices such as landscape aggregation (AI) and patch density (PD), reflecting the spatial differentiation of sediment "source-sink" patterns and transport dynamics within erosion gullies. Furthermore, topographic factors (slope, knickpoint) and vegetation cover significantly influence the spatial pattern of the IC.
Conclusion
2
Based on the spatial variation characteristics of the sediment connectivity index, it is possible to identify the spatial patterns of sediment transport potential within the catchment areas of different erosion gullies, which compensates for the limitations of a single morphological indicator (HI) in characterizing the dynamic evolution of gullies in the Yuanmou dry-hot valley region. This study provides a new perspective for research on the spatial differentiation characteristics of erosion gully development in the dry-hot valley region.
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