1.湖南农业大学水利与土木工程学院,长沙 410128
2.湖南省灌区精准控灌工程技术研究中心,长沙 410128
王辉(1973—),男,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事土壤物理与农业水土环境研究。E-mail:wanghuisb@126.com
收稿:2026-03-09,
修回:2026-04-23,
录用:2026-04-29,
网络首发:2026-08-27,
纸质出版:2026-10-28
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王辉,胡睿哲,喻启华,等.单块光伏组件下垫面溅蚀空间格局及其主控因子[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(5):152-159.
Wang Hui, Hu Ruizhe, Yu Qihua, et al. Spatial patterns of splash erosion on underlying surface of single photovoltaic panel and their dominant controlling factors[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2026,40(5):152-159.
王辉,胡睿哲,喻启华,等.单块光伏组件下垫面溅蚀空间格局及其主控因子[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(5):152-159. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.05.023. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.05.023.
Wang Hui, Hu Ruizhe, Yu Qihua, et al. Spatial patterns of splash erosion on underlying surface of single photovoltaic panel and their dominant controlling factors[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2026,40(5):152-159. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.05.023. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.05.023.
目的
2
明确溅蚀主控因子,为光伏电站科学安装与板下水土保持措施布设提供理论依据。
方法
2
采用室内可控模拟试验,以单块光伏组件为研究对象,构建下垫面溅蚀动态模拟平台。设置降雨强度(20、40、60、80、100 mm/h)、组件倾角(16°、18°、20°、22°)和下沿离地高度(1.0、1.5、2.0、2.5、3.0 m)3个因素,开展完全组合试验,并采用方差分解量化因子贡献率与交互作用。
结果
2
1)溅蚀总面积随降雨强度呈显著指数增长,增幅达198%~478%,
p
<
0.001;降雨强度对总溅蚀面积和逆向溅蚀面积的贡献率分别为68.04%和71.73%,为主控因子。2)下沿离地高度为次要控制因子,高度由1.0 m增至3.0 m时溅蚀总面积增加79%~191%,且与降雨强度存在显著交互作用。3)倾角对溅蚀总面积影响较小,贡献率为1.27%,但对顺向溅蚀贡献率达41.26%,显著调控溅蚀方向分配。4)逆向溅蚀在所有处理中均占主导地位,占比为68.27%~92.08%,为溅蚀主导方向。降雨强度升高使最远溅蚀距离扩大;下沿离地高度呈先增后稳趋势,倾角对溅蚀最远距离影响较弱。
结论
2
光伏板下沿折边结构决定逆向主导的基本格局,降雨强度驱动溅蚀尺度扩展,下沿离地高度调控空间范围,倾角主导方向分异,三者在滴水线处形成耦合控制机制。
Objective
2
This study aims to identify the dominant controlling factors of splash erosion, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the scientific installation of photovoltaic power stations and the layout of soil and water conservation measures under the panels.
Methods
2
A controlled indoor simulation experiment was conducted using a single photovoltaic panel as the research object, and a dynamic simulation platform for splash erosion on the underlying surface was established. Three factors were considered: rainfall intensity (20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 mm/h), panel tilt angle (16°, 18°, 20°, and 22°), and lower-edge height above ground (1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 m). A complete combination experiment was conducted, and variance decomposition was used to quantify factor contribution rates and interactions.
Results
2
1) Total splash erosion area increased exponentially with rainfall intensity, with an increase of 198%-478% (
p
<
0.001). Rainfall intensity contributed 68.04% and 71.73% to the total splash erosion area and backward splash erosion area, respectively, indicating that it was the dominant controlling factor. 2) Lower-ed
ge height was the secondary controlling factor. When the height increased from 1.0 m to 3.0 m, the total splash erosion area increased by 79%-191%, and a significant interaction with rainfall intensity was observed. 3) Panel tilt angle had little effect on the total splash erosion area, with a contribution rate of 1.27%, but it contributed 41.26% to forward splash erosion, significantly regulating the directional distribution of splash erosion. 4) Backward splash erosion dominated under all treatments, accounting for 68.27%-92.08% and representing the dominant erosion direction. Increasing rainfall intensity expanded the maximum splash distance. The lower-edge height showed a trend of initial increase followed by stabilization, whereas the tilt angle had a relatively weak effect on the maximum splash distance.
Conclusion
2
The folded-edge structure at the lower margin of the photovoltaic panel determines the basic backward-dominated splash pattern. Rainfall intensity drives the expansion of splash erosion, lower-edge height regulates the spatial extent, and tilt angle dominates directional differentiation. Together, these three factors form a coupled control mechanism at the drip line.
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