1.中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土科学全国重点实验室,西安 710061
2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
3.陕西黄土高原地球关键带国家野外科学观测研究站,西安 710061
4.西安地球环境创新研究院,西安 710061
5.陕西省林业科学院,西安 710082
6.西北农林科技大学水土保持与荒漠化整治全国重点实验室,陕西 杨凌 712100
张昌甜(2001—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事植被恢复与土壤固碳研究。E-mail: zhangchangtian@ieecas.cn
王凯博(1982—),男,博士,研究员,主要从事植被恢复与水土保持研究。E-mail: wangkb@ieecas.cn
收稿:2026-03-18,
修回:2026-04-10,
录用:2026-04-17,
网络首发:2026-05-12,
纸质出版:2026-10-28
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张昌甜,王凯博,江瑶,等.基于稀土氧化物示踪的黄土高原典型林分土壤团聚体周转特征[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(5):213-224.
Zhang Changtian, Wang Kaibo, Jiang Yao, et al. Characteristics of soil aggregate turnover in typical forest stands on the Chinese Loess Plateau revealed by rare earth oxide tracers[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2026,40(5):213-224.
张昌甜,王凯博,江瑶,等.基于稀土氧化物示踪的黄土高原典型林分土壤团聚体周转特征[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(5):213-224. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.05.022. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.05.022.
Zhang Changtian, Wang Kaibo, Jiang Yao, et al. Characteristics of soil aggregate turnover in typical forest stands on the Chinese Loess Plateau revealed by rare earth oxide tracers[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2026,40(5):213-224. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.05.022. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.05.022.
目的
2
探究林分类型对土壤团聚体周转特征的影响,从动态过程角度阐明森林植被驱动土壤结构发育与稳定的内在机制。
方法
2
以黄土高原典型阔叶林(山杨林)、针叶林(油松林)及其混交林为研究对象,采用稀土氧化物示踪结合室内培养试验,标记不同粒级团聚体,定量分析其形成、破碎量及周转速率与时间。
结果
2
3种林型土壤团聚体平
均重量直径(MWD)差异显著(
p
<
0.05),混交林MWD最高,稳定性最强,油松林MWD最小,稳定性最弱。培养期间,所有林型团聚体破碎量均大于形成量,呈净崩解特征。油松林周转最为剧烈,大团聚体平均破碎率为74%,且缺乏恢复韧性;混交林大团聚体保留率
>
50%,扰动后快速稳定;山杨林破碎与形成呈动态平衡。团聚体周转速率峰值出现在培养初期,大团聚体平均速率为油松林[0.026 g/(g·d)]
>
混交林[0.022 g/(g·d)]
>
山杨林[0.013 g/(g·d)]。培养中后期,混交林微团聚体周转时间延长,物理保护作用增强。方差分析表明,团聚体周转速率与破碎率受林型、粒级、时间三因素交互作用影响(
p
<
0.05),而形成率主要受林型与粒级、林型与时间的双因素交互驱动(
p
<
0.001)。
结论
2
混交林通过调控团聚体形成与破碎的相对强度,降低大团聚体周转速率,延长微团聚体周转时间,从而增强土壤结构的稳定性。
Objective
2
This study aimed to investigate the effects of stand types on the turnover characteristics of soil aggregates, and to clarify the intrinsic mechanism by which forest vegetation drives the development and stability of soil structure from the perspective of dynamic processes.
Methods
2
Taking typical broad-leaved forests (
Populus davidiana
forests), coniferous forests (
Pinus tabuliformis
forests), and their mixed forests on the Loess Plateau as the research objects, rare earth oxide tracing combined with laboratory incubation experiments was adopted to label aggregates of different particle sizes. The formation amount, breakdown amount, turnover rate, and turnover duration of soil aggregates were quantitatively analyzed.
Results
2
There were significant differences in the mean weight diameter (MWD) of soil aggregates among the three stand types (
p
<
0.05). The mixed forest had the highest MWD and the strongest stability, while the
Pinus tabuliformis
forest had the lowest MWD and the weakest stability. During the incubation period, the breakdown amount of aggregates was greater than the formation amount in all stand types, showing a net disintegration characteristic. The turnover of aggregates was the most intense in the
Pinus tabuliformis
forest, with an average breakdown
rate of 74% for large aggregates and a lack of recovery resilience. The retention rate of large aggregates in the mixed forest was more than 50%, and it stabilized rapidly after disturbance. In the
Populus davidiana
forest, the breakdown and formation of aggregates maintained a dynamic balance. The peak of aggregate turnover rate appeared in the early stage of incubation, and the average turnover rate of large aggregates was in the order of
Pinus tabuliformis
forest [0.026 g/(g·d)]
>
mixed forest [0.022 g/(g·d)]
>
Populus davidiana
forest [0.013 g/(g·d)]. In the middle and late stages of incubation, the turnover time of microaggregates in the mixed forest was prolonged, and the physical protection effect was enhanced. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the aggregate turnover rate and breakdown rate were affected by the interaction of three factors: stand type, particle size, and time (
p
<
0.05), while the formation rate was mainly driven by the two-factor interactions of stand type×particle size and stand type×time (
p
<
0.001).
Conclusion
2
The mixed forest enhances the stability of soil structure by regulating the relative intensity of aggregate formation and breakdown, reducing the turnover rate of large aggregates, and prolonging the turnover time of microaggregates.
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