1.东北农业大学资源与环境学院,哈尔滨 150030
2.中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,哈尔滨 150081
3.奥比斯波·科伦布雷斯农业工业实验站,阿根廷 图库曼省 T4101XAC
4.乌克兰国立生命与环境科学大学,基辅 03041
张兴义(1966—),男,博士,研究员,主要从事黑土农业生态研究。E-mail:zhangxy@iga.ac.cn
李建业(1988—),男,博士,副研究员,主要从事黑土耕地退化修复与质量提升研究。E-mail:lijianye@iga.ac.cn
收稿:2026-03-17,
修回:2026-04-02,
录用:2026-04-08,
网络首发:2026-07-24,
纸质出版:2026-10-28
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张兴义,李媛媛,Francisco Alberto Sosa,等.长期秸秆全量覆盖免耕对黑土有机碳及其组分剖面分异的影响[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(5):204-212.
Zhang Xingyi, Li Yuanyuan, Francisco Alberto Sosa , et al. Effects of long-term no-till with full straw mulching on profile differentiation of soil organic carbon and its fractions in mollisols[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2026,40(5):204-212.
张兴义,李媛媛,Francisco Alberto Sosa,等.长期秸秆全量覆盖免耕对黑土有机碳及其组分剖面分异的影响[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(5):204-212. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.05.017. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.05.017.
Zhang Xingyi, Li Yuanyuan, Francisco Alberto Sosa , et al. Effects of long-term no-till with full straw mulching on profile differentiation of soil organic carbon and its fractions in mollisols[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2026,40(5):204-212. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.05.017. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.05.017.
目的
2
为深入揭示长期保护性耕作对黑土质量恢复与固碳潜力的作用机制。
方法
2
本研究依托连续17 a的长期定位田间试验,系统探究秸秆全量覆盖免耕(NT)和传统耕作旋耕(CT)对黑土有机碳(SOC)及其组分在0~100 cm土壤剖面的分布特征与稳定机制的差异。
结果
2
1) 与传统耕作旋耕(CT)相比,NT提升表层0~20 cm土壤的SOC含量和储量分别为23.38%和19.40%(
p
<
0.05),同时增加20~40、40~60、80~100 cm深层土壤的SOC含量,增幅分别达15.32%、33.06%和12.58%;2)NT差异化调控各碳组分,0~20 cm土层活性碳库颗粒有机碳(POC)含量增加72%,40~60 cm POC含量增加289%,各土层稳定碳库矿物结合态有机碳(MOC)含量均增加,40~60 cm增幅最大,达26%;溶解性有机碳(DOC)向深层60~100 cm迁移并积累,增幅达34%~54%,表明NT通过差异化途径优化土壤碳库结构;3)NT显著降低下层40~60 cm土壤体积质量9.93%,改善土壤团聚体结构和持水能力,形成“以结构保碳、以碳稳结构”的互馈机制。
结论
2
从长期、全剖面视角发现,秸秆全量覆盖免耕通过“物理保护-生物化学稳定-垂直迁移”协同机制,驱动黑土有机碳库从量变到质变的提升,为黑土地保护性耕作技术的长期效益评估与推广提供科学依据。
Objective
2
This study aims to elucidate the mechanisms by which long-term conservation tillage affects black soil quality restoration and carbon sequestration potential.
Methods
2
Based on a 17-year long-term fixed-location field experiment, this study systematically investigated the differences in distribution characteristics and stabilization mechanisms of soil organic carbon (SOC) and its fractions in the 0-100 cm soil profile under no-tillage with full straw mulching (NT) and conventional rotary tillage (CT) of mollisols.
Results
2
1) Compared with CT, NT increased SOC con
tent and storage in the 0-20 cm surface layer by 23.38% and 19.40% (
p
<
0.05), respectively. Meanwhile, NT enhanced the stability of deeper soil layers at 20-40, 40-60, and 80-100 cm, with increases of 15.32%, 33.06%, and 12.58%, respectively. 2) NT differentially regulated individual soil carbon fractions. In the 0-20 cm layer, the content of particulate organic carbon (POC), a labile carbon pool, increased by 72%, and POC in the 40-60 cm layer increased by 289%. Mineral-associated organic carbon (MOC), a stable carbon pool, increased in all layers, with the largest increase of 26% in the 40-60 cm layer. The dissolved organic carbon (DOC) pool migrated to and accumulated in the 60-100 cm layer, increasing by 34%-54%. These results indicate that NT optimized soil carbon pool structure through differentiated pathways. 3) NT significantly reduced soil bulk density in the 40-60 cm layer by 9.93%, improved soil aggregate structure and water-holding capacity, forming a mutual feedback mechanism of "carbon preservation through structural protection and structural stabilization through carbon enrichment".
Conclusion
2
From a long-term, whole-profile perspective, no-till with full straw mulching drives both qualitative and quantitative improvements of the SOC pool in mollisols through a synergistic mechanism of physical protection, biochemical stabilization, and vertical translocation. These findings provide scientific evidence for evaluating and promoting the long-term benefits of conservation tillage in mollisol regions.
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