1.东北农业大学资源与环境学院,哈尔滨 150030
2.黑土关键物质转运与调控研究中心(东北农业大学),哈尔滨 150030
宋明珂(2002—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤侵蚀对土壤质量影响机制的研究。E-mail:songmingke2002@163.com
张少良(1980—),男,博士,教授,主要从事土壤侵蚀与土壤肥力研究。E-mail:shaoliang.zhang@neau.edu.cn
收稿:2026-02-11,
修回:2026-03-16,
录用:2026-03-28,
网络首发:2026-07-08,
纸质出版:2026-10-28
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宋明珂,张少良,牛晓光,等.靶向保护性耕作对黑土坡耕地土壤全磷、有效磷和磷组分分布的影响[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(5):238-252.
Song Mingke, Zhang Shaoliang, Niu Xiaoguang, et al. Effects of targeted conservation tillage on the distribution of total phosphorus, available phosphorus, and phosphorus fractions in mollisol sloping farmland[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2026,40(5):238-252.
宋明珂,张少良,牛晓光,等.靶向保护性耕作对黑土坡耕地土壤全磷、有效磷和磷组分分布的影响[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(5):238-252. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.05.007. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.05.007.
Song Mingke, Zhang Shaoliang, Niu Xiaoguang, et al. Effects of targeted conservation tillage on the distribution of total phosphorus, available phosphorus, and phosphorus fractions in mollisol sloping farmland[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2026,40(5):238-252. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.05.007. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.05.007.
目的
2
揭示坡面采取不同靶向保护性耕作方式对典型黑土坡耕地土壤总磷(TP)、有效磷(Olsen-P)和磷组分分布的影响机制,为减少坡面磷素流失,提高土壤磷有效性等提供科技支撑。
方法
2
基于典型黑土坡耕地2 a田间耕作试验,研究常规耕作(CK,当地传统耕作方式)、坡中靶向免耕秸秆覆盖(NTm)、坡中靶向免耕秸秆覆盖加生物炭(NTm+b)、坡上和坡中同时靶向免耕秸秆覆盖处理(NTtm)、坡中靶向免耕秸秆覆盖加生物炭结合坡上靶向免耕秸秆覆盖(NTtm+b)对玉米播种前和成熟期全坡面土壤TP、Olsen-P和磷组分分布和流失的影响。
结果
2
与CK处理相比,NTm和NTm+b措施降低坡中位置活性有机磷和中等活性有机磷含量,但因提高坡中位置活性无机磷、中等活性无机磷含量而提高Olsen-P含量,提高坡中位置稳定磷含量而提高TP含量。同样,NTtm和NTtm+b措施降低活性有机磷和中等活性有机磷含量,因提高坡上和坡中位置活性无机磷、中等活性无机磷含量而提高Olsen-P含量,提高坡上和坡中位置稳定磷含量而提高TP含量。所有处理坡下则因外部输入减少而降低所有磷组分、TP和Olsen-P含量。从整个坡面来看,NTtm处理显著提高全坡面的TP
stock
和Olsen-P
stock
(
p
<
0.05);而NTtm+b处理只显著提高全坡面的Olsen-P
stock
(
p
<
0.05)。
结论
2
在坡上和坡中实施靶向保护性耕作可以增加土壤磷储量,并且通过增加活性磷组分提高土壤磷的有效性,其中NTtm是黑土坡耕地减少磷流失、提高磷有效性和储量的优选耕作措施。
Objective
2
The aims of this study are to clarify the mechanism by which different targeted conservation tillage practices on slopes affect the distribution of soil total phosphorus (TP), available phosphorus (Olsen-P), and phosphorus fractions in typical mollisol sloping farmland, providing scientific and technological support for reducing phosphorus loss and enhancing soil phosphorus availability.
Methods
2
Based on a two-year field tillage experiment on typical mollisol sloping farmland, this research investigated the effects of conventional tillage (CK, representing local traditional practices), targeted no-tillage with straw mulching on the middle slope (NTm), targeted middle slope no-tillage with straw mulching combined with biochar application (NTm+b), targeted middle slope no-tillage with straw mulching combined with biochar application and targeted no-tillage with straw mulching applied on top slope (NTtm), and the combination of top slope NT with middle slope (NTtm+b). The study examined their impacts on the distribution and loss of soil TP, Olsen-P and phosphorus fractions across the entire slope before corn sowing and at maturity.
Results
2
Compared with the CK treatment, NTm and NTm+b measures reduced the contents of labile organic phosphorus, and moderately labile organic phosphorus at the middle slope position. However, they increased the Olsen-P content by enhancing the levels of labile inorganic phosphorus and moderately labile inorganic phosphorus at the middle slope, and increased TP content by raising the stable phosphorus content at the middle slope. Similarly, NTtm and NTtm+b measures reduced labile organic phosphorus and moderately labile organic phosphorus contents. They increased Olsen-P content by elevating labile inorganic phosphorus and moderately labile inorganic phosphorus levels at both top and middle slope positions, and increased TP content by enhancing stable phosphorus content at these positions. At the down slope position, all treatments resulted in decreased contents of all phosphorus fractions, TP, and Olsen-P due to reduced external inputs. At the whole slope scale, NTtm treatment significantly increased the total slope's TP stock and Olsen-P stock (
p
<
0.05); while NTtm+b treatment only significantly increased the entire slopes Olsen-P stock (
p
<
0.05).
Conclusion
2
Targeted conservation tillage on the top and middle slopes can enhance soil phosphorus stock and improve soil phosphorus availability by increasing active phosphorus fractions. Among the strategies, NTtm is the preferred tillage measure for reducing phosphorus loss, improving phosphorus availability, and increasing phosphorus stock in mollisol sloping farmland.
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