1.中国科学院教育部水土保持与生态环境研究中心,水土保持与荒漠化整治全国重点实验室,陕西 杨凌 712100
2.中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西 杨凌 712100
3.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
4.黄河水利委员会;黄河上中游管理局,西安 710021
5.西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西 杨凌 712100
6.内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院,呼和浩特 010010
吕春良(1999—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事生态系统服务研究。E-mail:lvchunliang23@mails.ucas.ac.cn
曹扬(1977—),男,博士,副研究员,主要从事森林生态学研究。E-mail:yang.cao@nwsuaf.edu.cn
收稿:2026-02-03,
修回:2026-03-04,
录用:2026-03-10,
网络首发:2026-06-25,
纸质出版:2026-10-28
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吕春良,曹雪峰,王金凤,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区县域生态系统服务权衡协同关系演变及驱动因素分析[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(5):351-363.
Lü Chunliang, Cao Xuefeng, Wang Jinfeng, et al. Analysis of evolution and driving factors of trade-offs and synergies of ecosystem services at county scale in hilly-gully region of Loess Plateau[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2026,40(5):351-363.
吕春良,曹雪峰,王金凤,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区县域生态系统服务权衡协同关系演变及驱动因素分析[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(5):351-363. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.05.002. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.05.002.
Lü Chunliang, Cao Xuefeng, Wang Jinfeng, et al. Analysis of evolution and driving factors of trade-offs and synergies of ecosystem services at county scale in hilly-gully region of Loess Plateau[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2026,40(5):351-363. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.05.002. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.05.002.
目的
2
揭示黄土丘陵沟壑区县域尺度生态系统服务权衡协同关系的时空分异特征及其驱动因素,为县域生态修复分区优化与精细化生态管理提供科学依据。
方法
2
基于多源遥感与地理空间数据,集成InVEST模型、权衡协同分析方法与偏最小二乘路径模型(PLS-PM),对2000—2020年永寿县碳固存、生境质量、土壤保持和水源涵养4项生态系统服务的变化特征、权衡协同格局及其驱动因素进行定量分析。
结果
2
1)永寿县土地利用格局总体表现为林地增加、草地减少、建设用地扩张、耕地相对稳定,主要土地利用转化体现为草地向林地转化及耕地与草地间的相互转移。2)碳固存总量持续增长,生境质量总体下降,土壤保持与水源涵养总量呈增强-下降-恢复的波动变化,4项服务高值区均稳定分布于永寿县北部及西北部。3)县域范围内所有服务对关系呈显著协同且逐渐增强,各服务对关系空间格局特征以低强度权衡协同关系斑块交错分布为主。4)坡度对土壤保持、降水与潜在蒸散发对水源涵养均构成稳定的影响;而土地利用对各类服务的影响发生多次方向性逆转,是区域生态系统服务变化不确定性的主要原因;归一化植被指数(NDVI)对各项服务的直接影响呈衰减趋势。
结论
2
永寿县生态系统服务及其关系格局受自然条件约束与人为干扰共同影响,其中土地利用变化是影响生态服务关系稳定性的关键人为因素。
Objective
2
This study reveals the spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics of trade-offs and synergies among ecosystem services at the county scale in the hilly-gully region of the Loess Plateau, as well as their driving factors, thereby providing a scientific basis for optimizing ecological restoration zoning and promoting refined ecological management at the county level.
Methods
2
Based on multi-source remote sensing and geospatial data, the InVEST model, trade-off and synergy analysis, and the PLS-PM model were integrated to quantitatively analyze the variation characteristics, trade-off and synergy patterns, and driving factors of four ecosystem services in Yongshou County: carbon storage, habitat quality, soil conservation, and water yield from 2000 to 2020.
Results
2
1) The land use pattern in Yongshou County was characterized by an increase in forest land, a decrease in grassland, expansion of construction land, and relative stability in cultivated land. The main land use conversions were reflected in the conversion of grassland to forest land and the mutual conversion between cultivated land and grassland. 2) Total carbon sequestration increased continuously, whereas habitat quality generally declined. Soil conservation and water yield exhibited a fluctuating ″increase-decrease-recovery″ pattern. The high-value areas of all four ecosystem services remained stably concentrated in the northern and northwestern parts of Yongshou County. 3) At the county scale, all pairwise relationships among ecosystem services showed significant synergies that gradually strengthened over time, with their spatial patterns characterized mainly by interlaced patches of low-intensity trade-off and synergy relationships. 4) Slope exerted a stable influence on soil conservation, while precipitation and potential evapotranspiration had stable effects on water yield. In contrast, land use underwent multiple directional reversals in its impacts on carbon sequestration, habitat quality, and water yield, representing a key source of uncertainty in ecosystem service changes. The direct effects of the normalized difference vegetation index on ecosystem services showed a weakening trend.
Conclusion
2
The ecosystem services in Yongshou County and their relational patterns are shaped by both natural constraints and human interference, among which land use change serves as the key anthropogenic factor affecting the stability of these service relationships.
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