1.西北农林科技大学水土保持科学与工程学院(水土保持研究所),西北农林科技大学水土保持与荒漠化整治 全国重点实验室,陕西 杨凌 712100
2.卢旺达基加利基督复临大学环境研究学院,卢旺达 999051
3.中国科学院教育部水土保持与生态环境研究中心,陕西 杨凌 712100
赵诗瑞(2001—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤侵蚀研究。E-mail: 17718701598@163.com
马波(1982—),男,博士,副研究员,博士生导师,主要从事土壤侵蚀过程与机理研究。E-mail: soilcrop@163.com
收稿:2025-09-02,
修回:2025-10-05,
录用:2025-10-12,
网络首发:2025-12-05,
纸质出版:2026-04-01
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赵诗瑞,CHRISTOPHE Mupenzi,张秀梅,等.放牧踩踏破坏土壤物理结皮对风蚀的影响[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(2):205-213.
ZHAO Shirui, CHRISTOPHE Mupenzi, ZHANG Xiumei, et al. Impact of soil physical crust damage caused by grazing trampling on wind erosion[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2026,40(2):205-213.
赵诗瑞,CHRISTOPHE Mupenzi,张秀梅,等.放牧踩踏破坏土壤物理结皮对风蚀的影响[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(2):205-213. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.02.017. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.02.017.
ZHAO Shirui, CHRISTOPHE Mupenzi, ZHANG Xiumei, et al. Impact of soil physical crust damage caused by grazing trampling on wind erosion[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2026,40(2):205-213. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.02.017. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.02.017.
目的
2
探究不同放牧踩踏强度对物理结皮的破坏程度及其对风蚀强度与风蚀动力学参数的影响。
方法
2
以黄土高原北部六道沟小流域的盖沙黄土为研究对象,在120 mm/h模拟降雨强度条件下形成物理结皮后,设置20%、40%、60%、80%和100% 5种模拟放牧踩踏强度及9、11、13 m/s 3种风速,开展不同踩踏强度下物理结皮破坏程度对风蚀特征的规律探究。
结果
2
1)踩踏破坏物理结皮显著加剧风蚀,风蚀模数较未踩踏(CK)增加23.45%~409.79%。同一风速下,物理结皮抗风蚀能力随踩踏强度增大而减弱。2)粉尘浓度(PM
2.5
、PM
10
、TSP)与放牧踩踏强度呈显著正相关(
p
<
0.05),踩踏强度梯度每增加20%,粉尘释放量相较于前一踩踏强度梯度提高1.22~7.21倍,其中,PM
2.5
浓度增幅最大,PM
10
和TSP次之。3)随着踩踏强度增大,摩阻风速和空气动力学粗糙度均显著增加,摩阻风速为0.17~0.69 m/s,空气动力学粗糙度为0.012~0.068 cm。
结论
2
踩踏破坏物理结皮,显著加剧风蚀。粉尘释放浓度随踩踏强度显著增加,PM
2.5
释放浓度对踩踏响应最为敏感,其增幅高于PM
10
和TSP。研究结果可为黄土高原北部风蚀防治提供理论依据。
Objective
2
To explore the degree of damage to physical crusts caused by different intensities of grazing trampling and their influence on wind erosion intensity and dynamic parameters of wind erosion.
Methods
2
This study took the sandy loess covering the Liudaogou small watershed in the northern part of the Loess Plateau as the research object. Physical crusts were formed under the simulated rainfall intensity of 120 mm/h, and five simulated grazing trampling intensities of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% and three wind speeds of 9, 11, and 13 m/s
were established. The patterns of the degree of physical crust damage under different trampling intensities on wind erosion characteristics were investigated.
Results
2
1) Trampli
ng of different intensities significantly damaged the soil physical crust, thereby significantly intensifying wind erosion, with the wind erosion modulus increasing by 23.45% to 409.79% compared with the untrampled control (CK). At the same wind speed, the greater the intensity of trampling, the weaker the wind erosion resistance of the physical crusts. 2) Dust concentrations (PM
2.5
, PM
10
, TSP) were significantly positively correlated with grazing trampling intensity (
p
<
0.05). For every 20% increase in trampling intensity gradient, dust release increased by 1.22 to 7.21 times compared to the previous level, with PM
2.5
concentration showing the largest increase, followed by PM
10
and TSP. 3) As the trampling intensity increased, both friction wind velocity and aerodynamic roughness increased significantly. The friction wind velocity ranged from 0.17 m/s to 0.69 m/s, and the aerodynamic roughness ranged from 0.012 cm to 0.068 cm.
Conclusion
2
Trampling damage to the physical crust significantly exacerbates wind erosion. Dust release increases exponentially with trampling intensity, and PM
2.5
is the most sensitive to trampling, with an increase higher than that of PM
10
and TSP. The research findings can provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of wind erosion in the northern part of the Loess Plateau.
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